Name: 簡易紙牌終局遊戲：國王與卒子 (EASY CHESS ENDGAMES: King & Pawns)
Uploaded: 2025-03-01T13:40:04.000Z
Duration: 21 min 15 s

Chess is split into three phases, the opening, the middle game, and the endgame.

國際象棋分為三個階段：開局、中盤和尾盤。

to 不定詞

Endgames can be a little bit more boring and even mysterious to study, but you absolutely should.

端遊的研究可能會比較枯燥甚至神祕，但你絕對應該去研究。

Because endgames are theoretical, that means they're solved.

因為終局是理論上的，這意味著它們已經被解決了。

If a position is winning and you learn the technique, you're gonna win 100% of the time.

如果一個位置能獲勝，而你又學會了技巧，那麼你就能百分之百地獲勝。

If an endgame is drawn, or a little bit tricky to win for the other side, you might draw rather than losing.

如果尾盤和棋，或者對方贏棋有點困難，你可能會和棋而不是輸棋。

In this video, I'm gonna teach you the proper technique for king and pawn endgames.

在本視頻中，我將教你國王與兵殘局的正確技巧。

At the end, I will tell you my favorite endgames book.

最後，我會告訴你我最喜歡的殘局書。

I've put timestamps on the video player for every technique you'll have to learn.

我在視頻播放器上為你要學習的每項技術都打上了時間戳。

We're gonna kick things off with a very very fundamental basis of king and pawn endgames.

我們將從國王和兵卒殘局的基本原理入手。

The pawn is trying to promote and become a rook or a queen, because you cannot win with just king and bishop or king and knight.

兵試圖升級成為車或後，因為僅靠王和象或王和馬是無法取勝的。

所以，我在這裡舉一個非常簡單的例子。

If it's white to move, white will push, black will try to get our pawn, white will push, black will try to get our pawn, white will push.

如果是白棋走，白棋會推，黑棋會試圖吃掉我們的棋子，白棋會推，黑棋會試圖吃掉我們的棋子，白棋會推。

And black is not in time, we make the queen and hopefully we know how to win this position.

黑棋還來得及，我們讓後，希望我們知道如何贏得這個局面。

However, if the black king is still on the square, but in the initial position, it's not white to move, and it's black to move.

但是，如果黑王還在這個位置上，但處於初始位置，那麼就不是白棋走，而是黑棋走了。

Black has now entered what's called the square.

黑方現在進入了所謂的正方形。

The square is a little geometric kind of understanding of where the defending king has to be to stop a passed pawn.

這個方格是一個小小的幾何圖形，表示防守方的國王必須在哪裡才能阻止過路兵。

The way you figure out where a square should be is you see how many squares, or I guess how many spots until promotion, and you draw an equivalent amount to the other side.

計算方格位置的方法是，你看有多少個方格，或者我猜有多少個點，直到晉級為止，然後在另一邊畫出等量的方格。

So, what this means is that if the black king enters the square in time, the black king will stop the pawn.

是以，這意味著如果黑王及時進入該格，黑王就會擋住小卒。

You're going to get endgames where the pawn can run or the king...

在殘局中，兵可以跑，王也可以跑......

If the king can stop you, be very careful.

如果國王能阻止你，那就要非常小心了。

Be very, very careful with just pushing your pawn and not thinking.

要非常、非常小心地只推你的棋子而不思考。

So, if black moves to e5, black enters the square.

是以，如果黑棋下 e5，黑棋就進入了位置。

However, if in the initial position, it's white to move, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, and the black king, even on this move, will not be able to enter the necessary square to stop the pawn.

然而，如果在初始局面中，是白棋走1、2、3、1、2、3，而黑王即使走這一步，也無法進入必要的位置攔住棋子。

That is an absolutely basic example, and we need to get this out of the way.

這絕對是一個最基本的例子，我們必須把它講清楚。

Why are we even studying king and pawn endgames?

Because you're going to get positions like this.

This is the most famous position of all king and pawn endgames.

這是所有王兵殘局中最著名的局面。

This is the one that you will spend the most time on in this video.

這是您在本視頻中花費時間最多的部分。

Okay, you're going to get this position, and someone's going to tell you, is white winning or is this a draw?

好吧，你會得到這個局面，有人會告訴你，白棋是贏了還是和棋？

And the answer is, as long as the pawn is between b and g, there are winning chances.

答案是，只要卒在 b 和 g 之間，就有獲勝的機會。

If it's your a or an h pawn, you will find out in a few minutes why that's basically always a draw, as long as the defending king is close.

如果是你的 a 或 h 卒，幾分鐘後你就會知道為什麼只要防守方的王距離很近，基本上總是和棋。

Of course, it's also important to note, you know, if the king is like over here, it's a very easy win.

當然，還需要注意的是，如果國王像這邊一樣，那就很容易贏。

So, first things first, the defending side is at least close to the pawn, and really in front of it is the most important.

所以，首先第一點，防守方至少要靠近卒子，而真正在卒子前面才是最重要的。

We're going to start with it being black's move in this position.

我們將從黑棋在這個局面中的走法開始。

Right now, white has played the move king to e3, and is doing something called opposition to the black king.

現在，白棋已經把王下到了 e3，並且正在對黑棋的王進行所謂的反擊。

That means you're opposing the black king.

So, the winning technique here, if it's black's move, white is winning.

是以，這裡的制勝技巧是，如果是黑棋的棋步，白棋就贏了。

And we'll learn in a few minutes why, if it's white's move, it's a draw.

幾分鐘後我們就會知道，如果是白棋，為什麼會和棋。

So, the black king will give way to the white king.

If the black king goes straight back, then we continue to march the king down and implement the same technique that you're about to learn.

如果黑棋的王直接後退，那麼我們就繼續向下行軍，並實施你們即將學習的相同技巧。

We move our king out of the way to take control of these squares, to open the path for our pawn.

我們移動國王，控制這些位置，為我們的小兵開闢道路。

Again, if the black king ends up on a square to try to see our pawn, we do opposition again.

同樣，如果黑王最終在一個位置上試圖看到我們的兵，我們就再次進行對立。

If the king just goes straight back, cardinal sin of this endgame, your pawn should never, never be side by side with your king, and definitely not in front of it.

如果國王直接後退，這就是殘局的大忌，你的兵絕對不能與國王並排，更不能在國王前面。

Like, almost never side by side, and definitely not in front.

比如，幾乎從不併排，也絕對不在前面。

Do not march the pawn in front of your king.

What you need to do is continue to create a little bit of distance for this pawn.

你需要做的是繼續為這顆棋子拉開一點距離。

Side defense by black never works, because again, now you can push, and the king cannot get back in time.

黑棋的邊防永遠不會奏效，因為你現在又可以推進了，而國王卻無法及時回防。

嘿，嘿，嘿，我知道這是一張支票。

It's about controlling the squares, ensuring a safe passage of the pawn to the end of the board.

這就是控制方格，確保小卒安全地走到棋盤的盡頭。

Now, when you can push your pawn is as long as it's still behind the king.

現在，只要兵還在王的後面，就可以推兵。

If the second the king looks at our pawn, we say, uh-uh, uh-uh, no way.

如果國王一看到我們的棋子，我們就會說，呃，呃，呃，沒門。

If the king goes here, we outflank in the other direction to maintain the squares here.

如果國王走這裡，我們就向另一個方向包抄，以保持這裡的方位。

我們可以在這裡做同樣的事情。

We can push and then get in front, or even we can just go like this.

我們可以推到前面，也可以這樣走。

We need to create the situation where the defending side has to skedaddle.

我們需要創造一種讓防守方不得不溜之大吉的局面。

If we go back to the starting position, and we say, well, Levi, you said it's black's move here, right?

如果我們回到起始局面，我們說，好吧，李維，你說過這是黑棋的一步棋，對嗎？

Like, what if black just got us in opposition?

比如，如果黑人讓我們成為反對派呢？

The way you defend this now is, I can even probably flip this.

你現在的辯護方式是，我甚至可以把它翻轉過來。

Because if the pawn moves up, it's in front of the king.

因為如果小卒向上移動，它就在國王前面。