Name: PADI 開放水域課程 OW~Section1 (PADI Open Water Course OW~Section1)
Uploaded: 2025-02-11T10:38:59.000Z
Duration: 51 min 28 s

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我看到海灘上有隻鴨子，我摸摸它，它就走了，我看到鴨子走了，我摸摸它，它就走了，我看到鴨子走了，我摸摸它，泰迪熊吃著小貓蛋糕，撓癢癢撓癢癢，撓癢癢撓癢癢......

It's exciting being a diver, because underwater, you experience new sensations.

潛水是一件令人興奮的事情，因為在水下，你會體驗到新的感覺。

You feel pressure, swim almost weightlessly, and see and hear things differently.

你會感覺到壓力，幾乎可以失重地游泳，看到和聽到的東西也不一樣。

These result from the different physical properties that water and air have, and relate directly to your safety and enjoyment as a diver.

這是因為水和空氣具有不同的物理特性，它們直接關係到您作為潛水員的安全和樂趣。

Right now, you're surrounded by pressure.

It's the weight of the atmosphere of air.

When you go underwater, the water adds to this pressure. 10 meters, 33 feet of water adds the same pressure as the one atmosphere of air.

當你潛入水下時，水會增加這種壓力。10 米（33 英尺）深的水增加的壓力與一個大氣壓的空氣增加的壓力相同。

So the pressure increases one bar or atmosphere for every 10 meters or 33 feet you descend.

是以，每下降 10 米或 33 英尺，氣壓就會增加 1 巴或大氣壓。

Increasing pressure doesn't affect water, but it compresses the gas like air.

增加壓力不會影響水，但會像空氣一樣壓縮氣體。

So as you go deeper, pressure reduces an air volume and increases its density by pushing the molecules closer together.

是以，隨著深度的增加，壓力會減小空氣體積，並通過將分子推近而增加密度。

This pressure volume density relationship is important because it affects air spaces including your ears, sinuses, lungs, and mask.

這種壓力體積密度關係非常重要，因為它會影響包括耳朵、鼻竇、肺部和口罩在內的空氣空間。

It also affects controlling your buoyancy and how long your air lasts.

它還會影響浮力的控制和空氣的持續時間。

As shown here, there's a relationship between the pressure and a gas's volume and density.

如圖所示，壓力與氣體的體積和密度之間存在關係。

At 10 meters or 33 feet, the pressure is twice the surface pressure.

在 10 米或 33 英尺處，氣壓是地面氣壓的兩倍。

So half the air volume remains and the density doubles.

是以，空氣體積只剩下一半，密度卻增加了一倍。

The same relationship applies when you ascend.

當你上升時，同樣的關係也適用。

As the divers ascend, the gas re-expands so it's full of air at the surface.

當潛水員上升時，氣體重新膨脹，是以在水面上充滿了空氣。

But what would happen if the divers inflated a balloon and sealed it at depth, then ascended?

但是，如果潛水員在深海中給氣球充氣並密封，然後再上升，會發生什麼情況呢？

The air would expand and burst the balloon.

To prevent this, the divers must keep the balloon unsealed and release some expanding air as they ascend.

為了防止出現這種情況，潛水員必須保持氣球不密封，並在上升過程中釋放一些膨脹的空氣。

This is a very important concept we'll return to shortly.

這是一個非常重要的概念，我們稍後再談。

As you descend, water pressure compresses the air in your body air spaces.

當您下降時，水壓會壓縮您體內空氣空間中的空氣。

When descending, this primarily affects your ears, sinuses, and mask.

下降時，這主要會影響您的耳朵、鼻竇和口罩。

A squeeze is discomfort caused by the imbalance between the water pressure and the air space.

擠壓是水壓和空氣空間不平衡造成的不適。

A squeeze can injure you if you continue to descend.

如果繼續下降，擠壓可能會使您受傷。

But you can prevent a squeeze by adding air to air spaces to balance the pressure.

不過，您可以通過在氣隙中添加空氣來平衡壓力，從而防止擠壓。

Equalize your ears and sinuses by blowing gently against your blocked nostrils or by swallowing and wiggling your jaw.

對著堵塞的鼻孔輕輕吹氣，或吞嚥並擺動下頜，以平衡耳朵和鼻竇。

Blow through your nose into your mask to equalize your mask.

用鼻子對著面罩吹氣，使面罩平衡。

Equalize frequently as you descend before you feel discomfort.

在下降過程中，在感到不適之前，要經常保持平衡。

If you can't equalize, stop your descent.

They can't tell that you're having difficulty unless you do.

如果你不這樣做，他們就無法知道你遇到了困難。

If you still can't equalize, discontinue the dive and try another day.

如果還是不能平衡，就停止潛水，改天再試。

Continuing to descend with unequalized air spaces can lead to serious injuries.

在空氣空間不均等的情況下繼續下降會導致嚴重傷害。

A colder allergy that causes congestion can make equalizing difficult or impossible.

較冷的過敏原會導致鼻塞，使均衡化變得困難或不可能。

Never attempt a forceful and or extended equalization.

A forceful extended equalization can cause serious permanent ear injuries.

強行擴大均衡範圍會對耳朵造成嚴重的永久性傷害。

Ear plugs create an air space that you can't equalize.

耳塞會產生一個無法平衡的空氣空間。

Increasing pressure may affect other body air spaces.

壓力升高可能會影響身體的其他空氣空間。

It's rare, but an air space can form under a tooth filling and cause discomfort.

這種情況很少見，但補牙後可能會形成氣隙，引起不適。

There's no way to equalize this, but your dentist can correct it.

沒有辦法使其均衡，但牙醫可以糾正。

A dry suit holds an air layer around your body that compresses.

乾式潛水衣在身體周圍有一個壓縮空氣層。

You learn to add air to equalize it when you take the paddy dry suit diver course.

在學習乾式潛水衣潛水員課程時，您將學會如何添加空氣來平衡空氣。

Air expands as you ascend and normally exits your internal ear spaces, mask and sinuses without doing anything.

空氣在上升過程中會膨脹，通常會從內耳空間、面罩和鼻竇中排出，不會造成任何影響。

But expanding air can be a serious issue related to your lungs.

但是，空氣膨脹可能會對肺部造成嚴重影響。

Using scuba, your lungs are at normal volume at depth.

使用水肺時，您的肺部在深度時處於正常容積狀態。

If you were to hold your breath and ascend, expanding air would over expand and rupture your lungs.

如果您屏住呼吸上升，膨脹的空氣會過度膨脹，導致肺部破裂。

Much like it bursts a balloon filled and sealed at depth.

就像氣球在深度充氣和密封后會爆裂一樣。

For this reason, the most important rule in scuba diving is to breathe continuously and never, ever hold your breath.

是以，水肺潛水最重要的規則就是持續呼吸，永遠不要憋氣。

Even small depth changes can cause lung overexpansion injuries.

即使是微小的深度變化也會造成肺過度膨脹傷害。

If you hold your breath, lung overexpansion can cause severe injuries, including paralysis and death.

如果憋氣，肺過度膨脹會造成嚴重傷害，包括癱瘓和死亡。

Medical treatment requires a pressurized recompression chamber, but diving commonly takes place several hours from such chambers.

醫療救治需要加壓減壓艙，但潛水通常要在距離減壓艙幾小時的地方進行。

But while lung overexpansion injuries are very serious, they are also very easy to avoid.

不過，肺過度膨脹傷害雖然非常嚴重，但也很容易避免。

Breathe continuously and never hold your breath while scuba diving.

潛水時要持續呼吸，切勿憋氣。

This way, during ascent, expanding air escapes without issue.

這樣，在上升過程中，膨脹的空氣就能順利排出。

If you don't have your regulator in your mouth, exhale a slow, steady bubble stream so you don't hold your breath.

如果您沒有將調節器含在嘴裡，請緩慢、穩定地吐出氣泡，這樣您就不會憋氣。

Also, never dive with lung congestion, which has some risk of trapping air in your lungs and causing overexpansion injuries.

此外，千萬不要在肺部充血的情況下潛水，因為這樣有可能使空氣滯留在肺部，造成過度膨脹受傷。

It is rare, but some body air spaces may have a reverse block.

這種情況很少見，但有些人體氣腔可能會出現反向阻塞。

這意味著膨脹的空氣可以逃逸。

Diving with a cold or allergy can cause a reverse block, but again, you shouldn't dive with a cold.

感冒或過敏時潛水可能會導致反向阻滯，但同樣，感冒時也不應該潛水。

Gas forming in your digestive system can cause some discomfort if it doesn't pass.

在消化系統中形成的氣體如果不排出，會引起一些不適。

And an air space under a dental filling may, again, very rarely, cause one.

而牙科填充物下的氣隙也可能導致牙痛，但這種情況非常罕見。

If you experience a reverse block, stop your ascent.

如果遇到反向阻塞，請停止上升。

Descend a meter or a few feet or so and give the chamber a rest.

下降一米或幾英尺左右，讓密室休息一下。

Give the trapped air time to work itself out.

給被困空氣一點時間，讓它們自己出來。

As you've learned, as you go deeper and the pressure increases, the more gas volume decreases.

正如你所學到的，隨著深度的增加和壓力的增大，氣體體積就會減少。

This means that the deeper you are, the more air each breath uses from your cylinder.

這意味著，你的呼吸越深，每次呼吸從氣缸中消耗的空氣就越多。

So the deeper you are, the faster you use your air.

是以，你的深度越深，你使用空氣的速度就越快。

Because the air is denser with depth, it takes more effort to breathe.

由於空氣密度隨著深度的增加而增大，是以呼吸起來會更加費力。

Take slow, deep breaths while scuba diving.

Pace yourself and avoid getting winded or out of breath.

掌握好節奏，避免上氣不接下氣。

If you have a problem, stop and maintain or restore slow, deep breathing.

如果出現問題，請停下來，保持或恢復緩慢的深呼吸。

As a scuba diver, one, breathe continuously and never, ever hold your breath.

作為一名潛水員，第一，要持續呼吸，永遠不要憋氣。

Three, don't allow yourself to get winded or out of breath.

第三，不要讓自己上氣不接下氣。

And four, if faced with a problem, stop and maintain and or restore slow, deep breathing.

第四，如果遇到問題，停下來，保持或恢復緩慢的深呼吸。

When you put something in water, buoyancy pushes the object upward.

將物體放入水中時，浮力會將物體向上推。

The upward force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

向上的力等於流出的水的重量。

Whether something floats, sinks, or does neither, depends upon whether it weighs less than, more than, or the same as the water it displaces.

物體是上浮、下沉還是都不上浮、下沉，取決於它的重量是小於、大於還是等於它所取代的水的重量。

As a diver, you primarily use your weight system in BCD, buoyancy control device, to control your buoyancy.

作為潛水員，您主要使用 BCD（浮力控制裝置）中的配重系統來控制浮力。

As you descend, you tend to lose buoyancy.

當你下降時，你往往會失去浮力。

When you come up, you become more buoyant, so you vent air to adjust.

當你上升時，你的浮力會增加，所以你要排出空氣來調整。

You'll discover that even breathing changes your buoyancy.

你會發現，即使是呼吸也會改變你的浮力。

It increases slightly when you inhale, and decreases slightly when you exhale.

吸氣時略有增加，呼氣時略有減少。

By mastering buoyancy control, you enable yourself to control your descent and ascent rates, to stop at any depth, to save energy, to stay off the bottom, or to float comfortably on the surface.

通過掌握浮力控制，您可以控制自己的下降和上升速度，在任何深度停止，節省體力，遠離水底，或舒適地漂浮在水面上。

Together, you plan your dives, help each other gear up, safety check each other, provide dive time reminders, assist with problems, and assist with a dive objective.

你們一起制定潛水計劃，互相幫助準備裝備，互相進行安全檢查，提醒潛水時間，協助解決問題，並協助實現潛水目標。

The buddy system is important for practicality, because you assist each other, and for safety, because you can help each other prevent and handle problems.

結伴系統很重要，因為你們可以互相幫助，實用性強；也很重要，因為你們可以互相幫助，預防和處理問題，安全性高。

It's also important because diving is a social activity.

這一點也很重要，因為潛水是一項社交活動。

You'll find diving is more rewarding and fun, simply because you get to share your underwater adventures and experiences with others.

您會發現潛水更有價值、更有趣，因為您可以與他人分享您的水下探險和經歷。

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PADI 開放水域課程 OW~Section1 (PADI Open Water Course OW~Section1)

practice

position

proper

pressure