Name: 對墨西哥、加拿大和中國的新關稅如何打擊美國消費者 | WSJ (How New Tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China Are Hitting U.S. Consumers | WSJ)
Uploaded: 2025-02-06T11:24:44.000Z
Duration: 5 min 17 s

President Trump is flapping stiff tariffs on America's top three trading partners,

特朗普總統正在對美國的三大貿易伙伴徵收嚴厲的關稅、

They owe us a lot of money and I'm sure they're going to pay.

他們欠我們很多錢，我相信他們會還的。

Trump is imposing a 25% tariff on nearly all goods from Canada and Mexico and an additional 10% on imports from China.

特朗普對來自加拿大和墨西哥的幾乎所有商品徵收 25% 的關稅，並對來自中國的進口商品額外徵收 10% 的關稅。

Mexico's president negotiated with Trump at the last minute, putting the tariffs on Mexico on hold for a month.

墨西哥總統在最後一刻與特朗普進行了談判，將對墨西哥的關稅擱置了一個月。

Meanwhile, Canada is planning retaliation.

與此同時，加拿大正在計劃報復。

Canada will be responding to the U.S. trade action with 25% tariffs.

加拿大將對美國的貿易行動徵收 25% 的關稅。

Here's how Trump's new tariffs are different and why many economists and politicians say you, the consumer, might have to pay the price.

以下是特朗普新關稅的不同之處，以及為什麼許多經濟學家和政治家說消費者可能要付出代價。

To measure the impact, let's look at the numbers.

為了衡量其影響，讓我們來看看數字。

The U.S. imported roughly $893 billion worth of goods from Mexico and Canada in 2023.

2023 年，美國從墨西哥和加拿大進口的商品價值約為 8930 億美元。

Nearly all of those imports will now have a 25% tariff, meaning if an American importer wants one of their goods, they'll have to pay that tariff to the U.S. government.

現在，幾乎所有這些進口商品都將被徵收 25% 的關稅，這意味著如果美國進口商想要這些商品，就必須向美國政府支付關稅。

Consumers will likely notice this quite quickly in the cost of fresh produce at the grocery store.

消費者可能很快就會從雜貨店新鮮農產品的價格中注意到這一點。

Almost all of America's raspberry, strawberry and avocado supply comes from Mexico, as well as most of the country's supply of beer and tequila and mezcal.

美國的覆盆子、草莓和鱷梨供應幾乎全部來自墨西哥，該國的啤酒、龍舌蘭酒和梅斯卡爾酒供應也大部分來自墨西哥。

On the other side, the U.S. gets about 80% of its frozen French fries, 70% of its lumber and 60% of its maple syrup from Canada.

另一方面，美國約 80% 的冷凍薯條、70% 的木材和 60% 的楓糖漿都來自加拿大。

It's really a big deal because at the moment we really don't have tariffs on any goods coming from Mexico and Canada under the free trade agreements that we have in North America.

這確實是一件大事，因為根據我們在北美簽訂的自由貿易協定，目前我們確實沒有對來自墨西哥和加拿大的任何商品徵收關稅。

In fact, 99% of America's natural gas imports come from Canada.

事實上，美國 99% 的天然氣進口都來自加拿大。

On February 1st, Trump announced a 10% tariff on Canada's energy products.

2 月 1 日，特朗普宣佈對加拿大能源產品徵收 10%的關稅。

Trump's tariffs risk pushing Mexico and Canada into recession, as both nations send 80% of their exports into the U.S.

特朗普的關稅有可能將墨西哥和加拿大推入衰退，因為這兩個國家 80% 的出口產品都輸往美國。

But Canada is planning precision strikes against U.S. exports.

但加拿大正計劃對美國的出口產品實施精確打擊。

And the impact of that could be contrary to what Trump claims.

其影響可能與特朗普的說法相反。

The tariffs are going to make us very rich and very strong.

Since Canada has a much smaller economy, it can pose the same impact on the U.S.

由於加拿大的經濟規模小得多，它不太可能對美國產生同樣的影響。

But Canada is betting that if it causes enough disruption,

但加拿大打賭，如果它能造成足夠的破壞、

Trump, who campaigned on lowering prices after a period of elevated inflation, will back down.

特朗普在競選時提出要在通脹高企後降低物價，但現在他將退縮。

Like the American tariffs, our response will also be far-reaching and include everyday items such as American beer, wine and bourbon.

與美國的關稅一樣，我們的應對措施也將影響深遠，包括美國啤酒、葡萄酒和波旁酒等日常用品。

Mexico's president struck a deal with Trump for a one-month pause on U.S. tariffs on Mexico.

墨西哥總統與特朗普達成協議，美國暫停對墨西哥徵收關稅一個月。

In return, she agreed to deploy 10,000 Mexican soldiers to the border to fight fentanyl trafficking.

作為回報，她同意在邊境部署 10,000 名墨西哥阿兵哥，以打擊芬太尼的販運。

China also signaled that it's eager to get trade talks going with Trump.

中國還表示，它迫切希望與特朗普展開貿易談判。

While it's unclear what will happen next, experts say a trade war between the U.S.

雖然目前還不清楚接下來會發生什麼，但專家們認為，美國與中國之間的貿易戰可能會在未來幾年內爆發。

and its largest trading partners would hit U.S. income, hurt employment and increase inflation.

這將打擊美國的收入，損害就業，加劇通脹。

So if all of that is true, why is Trump so keen to use tariffs?

那麼，如果所有這些都是真的，特朗普為什麼如此熱衷於使用關稅呢？

Number one is the people that are poured into our country so horribly and so much.

首先是湧入我國的人，他們是如此可怕，如此之多。

Number two are the drugs, fentanyl and everything else that have come into the country.

其次是毒品、芬太尼和其他流入該國的毒品。

And number three are the massive subsidies that we're giving to Canada and to Mexico in the form of deficits.

第三，我們以赤字的形式向加拿大和墨西哥提供大量補貼。

I think most people do see Trump using these tariffs as a bargaining tool.

我認為大多數人都認為特朗普在利用這些關稅作為討價還價的工具。

He wants something out of Canada and Mexico.

他希望從加拿大和墨西哥獲得一些東西。

The White House said the duties would remain in place until Mexico, Canada and China stop fentanyl smuggling and illegal migration.

白宮表示，在墨西哥、加拿大和中國停止芬太尼走私和非法移民之前，這些關稅將一直有效。

But there are some industries that might benefit.

The U.S. steel industry and domestic aluminum producers have been asking Trump to raise more tariffs against imported steel and aluminum.

美國鋼鐵行業和國內鋁生產商一直在要求特朗普提高對進口鋼鐵和鋁的關稅。

They say Mexican factories have been dumping a lot of very low cost steel and aluminum in the U.S.

他們說，墨西哥工廠一直在向美國傾銷大量成本極低的鋼材和鋁材。

against commitments that Mexico has made over the years and that those low cost imports have undermined U.S. producers who have higher costs and forced them to idle or close factories.

這違背了墨西哥多年來所作的承諾。這些低價進口品削弱了成本較高的美國生產商，迫使他們停產甚至關閉工廠。

It's unclear how long Trump plans to leave these tariffs on.

目前還不清楚特朗普計劃將這些關稅維持多久。

Some experts say that decision will be the biggest measure of its impact.

一些專家說，這一決定將是衡量其影響的最大標準。

If the companies feel that Trump is just leaving these on short term in order to get something out of Canada and Mexico, they're not going to rip up their manufacturing footprint.

如果企業認為特朗普只是為了從加拿大和墨西哥撈取好處而短期擱置這些措施，他們就不會放棄自己的生產足跡。

At the center of all of this is the U.S.-Mexico-Canada agreement.

這一切的核心是美國-墨西哥-加拿大協議。

Our own Wall Street Journal reporting has shown that some of Trump's aides say that he's actually pushing both Mexico and Canada to renegotiate the free trade agreement that we do have.

我們自己的《華爾街日報》報道顯示，特朗普的一些助手說，他實際上正在推動墨西哥和加拿大重新談判我們現有的自由貿易協定。

And these tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China might just be the beginning.

對加拿大、墨西哥和中國徵收的這些關稅可能只是一個開始。

Eventually we're going to put tariffs on chips. We're going to put tariffs on oil and gas.

最終，我們會對芯片徵收關稅。我們將對石油和天然氣徵收關稅。

We're going to be putting tariffs on steel and aluminum and ultimately copper.

我們將持續對鋼鐵和鋁徵收關稅，並最終對銅徵收關稅。

We also expect to see some confusion and probably delays at the borders.

我們還預計邊境會出現一些混亂，可能會出現延誤。

We could see goods backing up in warehouses as different trading partners try to sort through the new rules.

由於不同的貿易伙伴都在試圖理清新規則，我們可能會看到貨物積壓在倉庫裡。

So all of that is probably ahead in the coming days and weeks.

是以，在未來的幾天和幾周內，所有這一切可能都會發生。

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對墨西哥、加拿大和中國的新關稅如何打擊美國消費者 | WSJ (How New Tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China Are Hitting U.S. Consumers | WSJ)

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