字幕列表 影片播放 列印英文字幕 J.F. MUSIAL: Welcome to Angelholm, Sweden, about an hour north of Copenhagen, and like most European cities, it's beautiful, both the scenery and the people. Sweden has had a great legacy of innovation design and engineering, especially in aerospace and automotive. Think of Volvo. Think of Saab. But what if you mixed the two, aerospace and automotive? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: I had a lifelong dream to start my car company and build cars. It started when I was five years old. I mean, I got the question, always, why do you have this dream? And I couldn't really answer. I didn't really know. And then I started thinking. I said, when I was five years, I saw this Norwegian animated stop motion movie about a bicycle repairman who built a fantastic racing car up on a mountaintop in Norway, and took it to LeMans and won over the establishment. And I was so fascinated by this movie, I remember, when I walked out of the movies, that I said to myself, that's what I want to do when I grow up. And when you're like five years old, you don't really think about-- fiction or reality. It's kind of intertwined. And you're really impressionable. So I think that was what was the triggering me to do this and it's just stuck with me. I was kind of pre-programmed to do this from that day on. When I started the company, I was only 22. J.F. MUSIAL: Is that so? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: So I've always had a keen interest for engineering, technical things and worked with cars and mopeds and boats and electronical things. But I never really started it officially. So we have, of course, a bunch of engineers here that are trained engineers, but I'm kind of more like an inventor or something like that. So this is our development room for all the carbon fiber parts that we use in our cars, so we have all the technology, all the carbon fiber technology proprietary to our company. We started developing carbon fiber parts back in 1996 for the first time. So we have quite a vast experience of special manufacturing carbon fiber parts for cars. What you can see here is the material that is the visible part of the carbon. It's kind of a twill weave. And there are different types of carbon fiber. There are uni-directional, different weaves, different directions depending on the need, the stiffness, the strength. We always want to optimize to keep the weight down and the costs down of the carbon fiber and to make the car as light as possible. So the tools, I would say are either made out of-- the tools are large. They're made out of carbon fiber to make them not too cumbersome and heavy to deal with. And they have exactly the same heat expansion as the part itself, so there needs to be no compensation for thermal expansion. But smaller parts we machine most of the time straight out of a billet aluminum. So here, for example, we have a lamp clusters. We have turbo tubing. Here we have a tool for intake plenum. So, then we have a lot of turbo tubes made up here. So what you're seeing here is a vacuum bagging process, where we-- we only use the most extreme type of carbon fiber material which is called the pre-preg from Advanced Composite Group in England. And it's the same material you make-- well again, fighter jets or Indy cars, or F1 cars out of. In our carbon fiber monocoque, we actually have aluminum honeycomb inside. And this is very unusual for a road car. I think, well, let's say most Formula One carbon tops, they use aluminum honeycomb. The advantage of aluminum honeycomb, compared to other types of core structures or other types of honeycomb materials, is that it's very crash absorbent and it holds the pieces together very well in an accident situation. But the negative side is it's very expensive to work with and takes a long time to implement. And as far as I'm aware, we're the only road car manufacturer with a carbon fiber monocoque that actually use aluminum honeycomb in the monocoque. So it makes it basically safer, extremely strong. But it takes more time and more cost. But I think, in a car like this, that's acceptable. If you look at these two pieces, they almost have the same stiffness, but this has the core inside. And this is just solid carbon. So it saves a lot of weight. You maintain the stiffness, but of course, you reduce some of this strength due to that it's less carbon. But still, it's massively stronger than anything else of the same size, shape and weight. So what we're seeing here is what we call Station 2. By this time, we've made all the carbon fiber bits and pieces and received them from our suppliers. And then we put them on this fixture and pre-fit everything prior to paint, and make sure everything aligns perfectly. And if there are any specific customer demands to the body work, we adjust it here and custom fabricate parts, if there's a need for that. And then we take it all apart and send it to the paint shop. J.F. MUSIAL: Is everything painted here? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Everything is painted here. I jokingly say that when people ask how much can you customize, and I say, well, if you pay us enough, we can build you a helicopter. J.F. MUSIAL: So I must ask. How old are you? ROBERT BERWANSKI: I'm 24. J.F. MUSIAL: 24 years old and you're the test driver for Koenigsegg. You must love it. ROBERT BERWANSKI: I love it. I seriously do. J.F. MUSIAL: So this is my first time in a Koenigsegg. Let's see how it does. ROBERT BERWANSKI: Yeah, I can show you how it runs. That's the interesting bit. J.F. MUSIAL: Let's see how it goes. And I love the fact that you have your own private runway to do whatever you want. ROBERT BERWANSKI: We need that. J.F. MUSIAL: So what do we [INAUDIBLE]? That's 100 kilometers an hour, right there. In seventh gear, so it's a seven-speed gear box. ROBERT BERWANSKI: And now we're on 1,600 revs. J.F. MUSIAL: Got it. ROBERT BERWANSKI: So actually, on the highway, it's quite economic for the car it is. But you don't usually do that. Here you have 1,200 horsepower. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: So then we take the parts into our paint department. You can actually see them spraying it. J.F. MUSIAL: And is any color possible? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Any color is pretty much possible, yes. We have our own mixing room. We, actually, even come up with our own paint mixtures. We're very proud of our paint result because we put a lot of effort into it. Let's say that the thickness of the clear coat is about three, four times that of a normal production car. That adds a little bit of weight, but it also means you get a fantastic gloss and the ability to polish for a long time and polish out scratches and stuff like that. And you get this very deep sensation when you look at the car. And there's a lot of specialist polishing companies around the world that work with all these hypercars and many of them tell us that they really like to work on our cars because they're really the top. What I noted was that people close the door like this and then they want to walk away. They didn't want to push it down and then push it in. Because a 2-step motion is not natural. J.F. MUSIAL: Especially for a door. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: You're not used to that. People are used to slamming the door and going. And here you have to push it down and then push it in. So I said, there must be a way that can be done in one motion. And that's when I came up with this idea that it's actually not a 2-step process. And most people, at the time, thought that's impossible because how can you slide in and down at the same time without hitting and getting the rubber seals to seal and so on. And that's where we have to really engineer the whole entry of the car to the movement of the hinge, and the movement of the hinge to the entry of the car. A properly engineered part, when you look at it, looks natural. But to get the complex function looking simple and natural, that's really difficult. So we spent thousands of hours developing this hinge. And it's not only the hinge, it's how it's combined with the whole car. It's the shape of the door. It's the angle of the door seals. It's how the door seals look. It's how it interacts with the roof, how the door interacts with the roof, how it interacts with the body, when it's open. So it's kind of a parallelogram here, and then you have the helical cut gears here, hydraulic damper. The door mounts to this portion here, so when I push this in, you can see what it does. ROBERT BERWANSKI: I'll give it a slow start because the gear box isn't finished. Are you ready? J.F. MUSIAL: Let's go. Oh God. That was incredible. Oh, my God. That was incredible. ROBERT BERWANSKI: So that was 300, and this engine nor gear box isn't fine tuned yet. So it will go better and it will shift faster when it's done. J.F. MUSIAL: That's the fastest I've ever been [INAUDIBLE]. Right there. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: So this is, basically, a normal chassis dyno, but what's pretty cool about it is that we have the engine management hooked up to this whole system. So with remote keyboard, when you sit in the car, you can actually program the engine and see what it's doing. And on these screens, we can get the power and torque and everything. We can take up to about 1,500 horsepower on these hydraulic brakes. And we use it for tuning cars, for different types of fuel for different markets. For example, we had a customer in Brazil who wanted to run on E100 instead of E85. So we made a flex fuel for E100. And then, in certain areas, they have better or worse fuels. We kind of buy in the local fuel, make sure the car runs good on it. J.F. MUSIAL: Do you actually bring the fuel in? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: We do, yes. And then, of course, we have our own airfield which is very, very convenient. J.F. MUSIAL: For any super car manufacturer, you just need that air. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Yeah, I think, without that we could not do what we're doing. Because we can any-- 24/7, we can go out high speed testing and really push things to the limit, so it's really, really convenient. In the engine system, we actually have a few interesting patents. We're working very much with the new type of valve technology. It's not implemented in production, but it's for the future. So we have like 12 patents within the company, within the Koenigsegg group. And then we have turbo patents, a new type of variable turbo that very much reduced back pressure when connected to catalytic converters, and let's say, well, puts the spool up point at lower RPM, and gives better response. So if we go around to the other side here, you can see this little R thing here. That's actually a flex fuel sensor. So depending on what fuel the driver puts in the tank, it comes in here and it's sensed and then the whole engine management is reprogrammed, depending on what's entering into the engine. So the whole fuel management system is geared to handle massive amounts of fuel. Alcohol has less energy density, so let's say that if you only would run on petrol, the pumps, injectors, everything, is sized for over 2,000 horsepower. But when you run on an alcohol, it's a good safety margin, but we can get around 1,200. We didn't realize it until recently, but this is actually the most downsized engine in the world of any production car engine. When you think of it, it's a five liter engine and we have almost 1,200 horsepower. So you have like 228 horsepower per liter engine volume. That's 33% percent higher than any other production car in the world. There are 214 Newton meters of torque per liter, which I don't know exactly what it equates to in foot-pounds. We have six horsepower per kilo engine weight, which is 100% more horsepower per kilo than the nearest other production car engine. J.F. MUSIAL: That's incredible how it's so steady at that speed. Oh, my God. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: That was 315. And you don't need to hold the steering wheel when you brake either because it's so stable and it's so high. This is station four, here. SPEAKER 1: Four, okay. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Yes. So here the monocoque comes clear coated in the areas needed from the paint job. And we fit a lot of wiring harnesses, electrical systems, dry sump tank, oil cooler, air conditioning condenser. This is kind of interesting. We have a lithium iron, not ion, iron battery because it's safer, instead of normal lead based batteries. So it basically has half the size and a third of the weight. And we put it very centrally in the car, even though it doesn't weigh that much anymore. It's the center part of the car, to try to keep the mass in the center as much as possible. This is also why the fuel tanks are actually inside the carbon monocoque. So the fuel tanks are in here, the back, and there. And it's only one piece, like a big horseshoe tank. J.F. MUSIAL: Oh, so they're all-- That's good to know. They're all physically connected. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: No, you only fill it up from one point. It's one huge tank, like that. And this is, as far as we can see, the absolutely best position for a fuel tank because it's, again, central. Most of it is extremely low down and it's definitely the most safe area of the car. It's protected by the monocoque being inside the monocoque. And that makes it very complex. It's like, almost, a airplane fuel tank, if you consider them being in the wings. Even though we don't have a roof helping out as a stiffening structure, as far as we are aware, we have the stiffest carbon monocoque, whether it has a roof or not. Because it actually has 65,000 Newton meters per degree's difference. And if you look at how massive these sections are, it becomes understandable. Of course, if you would put a fixed roof in it, it would be even better, but it's still extremely high. Inside there, we have the honeycomb. And then you have this massive section of 21 layers of carbon fiber, uni-directional in the correct direction. So it just becomes extremely stiff and strong. And the weight of the chassis is under 70 kilos, including fuel tanks. And this is also pretty extreme. The windshield area and the roll bar, it's all carbon fiber. There aren't really any metal parts. Of course, power means heat. And a large portion of our market is in the hot climate like the Middle East, and so on. And we heard many horror stories about even famous brands, big car manufacturers having issues in those regions. Our first customers came from that region and they said, whatever you do, put as big of a water radiator that you can. And we told them, well, OK, we would calculate it. We need a certain size and we'll test it. And they said, forget about that. Put the biggest you can. Everyone can [INAUDIBLE]. That doesn't mean anything. Just put a huge one in. So we managed to extend it this much from our calculations. We never ever had any issues. Even parts like this that look standard are actually specially manufactured to control airflow out of the car. This is just a water bottle, but it's our own. J.F. MUSIAL: Very cool, thank you, Robert. ROBERT BERWANSKI: You're welcome. I could show you some [INAUDIBLE] as well. J.F. MUSIAL: Sure, why not? ROBERT BERWANSKI: That was 220. J.F. MUSIAL: 220 sideways. You are insane. You have the best job in the entire g-d world. Robert, you really are-- at 24 years old, you are one of the luckiest people to ever face this earth. ROBERT BERWANSKI: I know. J.F. MUSIAL: You're very lucky. Thank you so much, Robert. ROBERT BERWANSKI: You're welcome. J.F. MUSIAL: That was such a pleasure. I've never been a car that is that fast at spin and in the turns. It's incredible. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: The gear box is partially developed by ourselves. It's manufactured by a company in Italy, called Sima, and we've developed our own electronic differential. On the side, you can see this black cover. So we can actually adapt the differential locking depending, from our own issues, depending on setting of the driver and driver behavior and track and so on. And then, we have here, it's not mounted right now, but in here and it sits hydraulic clutch. We call this the first single input shaft dual clutch gear box. When we shift, at the same time as we open the clutch here, we have this hydraulic clutch sitting on the same shaft, which works in the opposite direction. It actually cloaks us against the casing to slow down the input shaft so that we can push the synchros much harder because it's already pre-synchronized. So it basically takes out 2/3 of the synchronization time. So it's not that it's zero shifting time, but it's close to. And it's so close that you hardly can notice it anymore. J.F. MUSIAL: I always thought it was very cool, this little gauge on the side. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Right, yes, yes. This is, of course, also completely custom. J.F. MUSIAL: So whose idea was this? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: That was my idea because we needed a custom expansion bottle and it's pretty much hidden. And normally these are made in plastic, but it didn't really make sense. We used to have one in plastic earlier on, but you would have to look from the back and you couldn't see it. And we wanted to fabricate the one that was really more optimized to the shape of the car And then I came up with-- you can actually see the level through a tube with a glass on it. And here, you can see also a triplex suspension which is one of my ideas I had. And the reason for it, basically, is that the more power we got-- Well, OK, in the engine room you saw the wishbones. And we decided early on not to have anti-squat geometry because we have very stiff springs. The car was light and it didn't squat very much and we want a little bit of squat for traction. But as the power increased over the years, the car started squatting a bit more and more, and to a degree, we felt it was a little bit too much with the latest power level. So instead of building in an anti-squat geometry into the suspension, which has downsides, it actually upsets other parts of the suspension. I came up with this idea that we put in an anti-squat damper instead, which we call the triplex suspension. So when it squat, it actually pushes from both sides, and it means double the speed compared to the normal shock absorber. So it calms down the squat, but it doesn't, in cornering, do anything. You just go sideways. Unless you hit something with one wheel, it starts doing it a little bit. So it's about fine tune. It's kind of a new dimension, another dimension of shock absorbing compared to just having two separate ones. It adds a little bit of weight but it controls the squat and it maintains a very clean, true suspension geometry. You can only drive really fast if you feel safe and it's easy to control. So you can see how very calm it is with this enormous power. It's totally controlled. When we did this world record in braking and acceleration, you can do that record, basically, with a finger on the steering wheel, full break from 300. It doesn't do anything like this. It's just track solid, yeah. ROBERT BERWANSKI: I got it. CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: This is also our own product. We even go in and engineer all the switch gears and everything inside these paddles because it needs to have the right feel. I want kind of a trigger feel. You can't go halfway. It's either you've pushed it or you haven't, so it's a very clear, distinctive feel to it. And then, underneath this leather, it's actually a foam core to make a soft grip. And underneath that, it's a hollow carbon structure made in one piece. This is what we call alignment PDI test driving. Actually this station goes all the way over there because that's the washing area. We have wheel alignment, corner waiting and then a test track outdoors. Here we take care of our test cars, our prototypes. We have four service mechanics in here and they also service customer cars, for example, where we have customers where we have no dealers, we either fly these guys out there to service the car or they fly their car here to service their car. But usually when they take the car here, they also upgrade them. We have upgrade programs for the CCA test, the CCR, the CCX, the CCXR. Basically, you can upgrade a CCX to a CCXR. And a gear 2 and a gear R, a CCA test to CCR engine, if you like. And there is some cross, even though there's big differences between a CCR and a CCX, it's actually a completely new chassis and completely new body, and a completely new electronic system. They look similar but are different. But some systems can be adopted backwards, so we keep the earlier cars really fresh and alive and modern by implementing the latest technology we have for them. And as it's being done here at the factory, it's not bastardizing them. It's actually original equipment, but it's making them stay alive and fresh. We started producing cars in 2002 and now, it's 2012, when we'll build over 100 cars this year. But in 2002, we built three cars. In 2003, we built five cars. In 2004, it was seven, eight. So it's, of course, grown over the years, but on an average, around 12. J.F. MUSIAL: So in this year, how many do you think you will produce? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Hopefully, a little bit more. Yeah. You saw the steering wheel down there and we first designed it to print out, feel it. And then I had some ideas about this shape, so I reshaped this by hand. And then we have a laser scanner, so we scan that back in, get into the computer, and then print out another one and test it again until we're satisfied. So we can go from 3D CAD to physical model, modify it by hand, putting it back in 3D CAD with a hand modifications, re-engineering it, and then out again. And then OK, a couple of iterations and then we're done. So it's really nice to touch and feel and see in reality. It really changes everything. If you only do it on the screen you will never end up exactly how you want it in the end. You have to have this fast, simple process of going from virtual reality into reality and then back again. I found a fantastic factory, 10 minutes away from here, which was kind of a rebuilt old farmhouse with the marble floors and thatched roof and it was like 20,000 square feet. It was perfect, and we started there. However, in 2003, we had a fire, so the building got pretty much destroyed. We managed to save most of the equipment and the parts while it was in the fire. We just got everything out. And then this was still a military area, so the mayor came to the site. It was a Saturday, and we were all suited up and said, well, we managed to get most of it out, but now we don't have a building anymore. And he said, I'll talk to some people at the military base. So we actually got into one of the buildings, next door here, that was already cleared out because they were shutting down. And that, ironically, was the fire station, used to be the fire station. And we first planned to rebuild our first factory because we really liked it. But when we got all the plans for it and how long it would take, it would take one to one half year to get it done. We would have to set up temporarily here. And we did that at the first site. And we realized, if we're going to make this work, and start producing cars and then move again, we're never going to get it going. And then we had a look here. There were still airplanes in here, and he said, maybe this could be something for you. It's not a quaint and elegant place we used to have, which we really liked, but it's practical. And of course, people think, well, then you got access to the test track, which is not true, because we already had access to the test track. Actually the gate to the test track is closer to where our old factory was than where this is. So that had nothing to do with it because it was just next door anyway. But it's practical. It's nice. It has the heritage of the airplanes. So we've got the ghost. When we moved in here, we got the ghost. J.F. MUSIAL: That was going to be my final question. What is the ghost? CHRISTIAN VON KOENIGSEGG: Yeah, that ghost was on that wall when we came in here, and you see these lines, here on the floor, it's where they taxied in the airplanes. And that's actually the symbol for this squadron that used to be here, which was the oldest airplane squadron or fighter squadron in Sweden, from the '30s or something. And they were called the ghost because before, they had a kind of modern aviation electronics and so on. They just flew on their senses and they took off before dawn. And people could only hear them and not see them. And then they came back after dusk, so they heard these airplanes but didn't see them. And of course, airplane was quite a new thing then. So they were called the Ghost. So they have adopted this symbol. And for some reason, very early on, they adopted the slogan, the show must go on. And they wrote that on their airplane, in English even. Then the show stopped. And we came here and some of the people working there with airplanes said, please can't you continue our tradition? Put our ghost on your card. Then the show will go on. And we said OK, yes. So we said, every car we will build here we will put the ghost on to honor the squadron. So that's the story.
B1 中級 Koenigsegg:瑞典的超級跑車 - /DRIVEN (Koenigsegg: Sweden's Hypercar - /DRIVEN) 1723 42 稲葉白兎 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字