Name: 【CNN10】冰川融化和火山爆發、侏儒河馬寶寶成為網路寵兒 | 2024 年 11 月 14 日 (Melting Glaciers And Volcanic Eruptions | November 14, 2024)
Uploaded: 2024-11-20T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 10 min

We've got a great show stacked for you today, so let's get started.

今天我們為您準備了精彩的節目，讓我們開始吧。

Now, we begin in the land of fire and ice, Iceland, where a natural phenomenon is raising some that has both glaciers and volcanoes.

現在，我們從冰與火的國度冰島開始，那裡的冰川和火山都是自然現象。

There are 32 active volcanoes on the island nation that's only about the size of the states of Kentucky or Virginia or Ohio.

這個島國有 32 座活火山，面積僅相當於肯塔基州、弗吉尼亞州或俄亥俄州。

And we've seen an uptick in volcanic eruptions in Iceland in recent years.

近年來，我們看到冰島的火山爆發有所上升。

Scientists there are studying whether an increase in the melting glaciers due to rising temperatures across the world could be causing more volcanic eruptions there.

那裡的科學家正在研究，全球氣溫升高是否會導致冰川融化加劇，從而引發更多的火山爆發。

CNN 的埃莉薩-拉法（Elisa Rafa）為您帶來更多報道。

A land of ice and fire, Iceland is renowned for both its stunning volcanoes and glaciers.

冰島是冰與火的國度，因其令人驚歎的火山和冰川而聞名於世。

But scientists are now studying whether climate change is affecting the balance between these two natural wonders.

但是，科學家們現在正在研究氣候變化是否會影響這兩個自然奇觀之間的平衡。

Around two million tourists visit Iceland each year, many hoping to see an active volcano showering red hot lava or get a glimpse of a cool blue glacier thousands of years old.

每年約有 200 萬遊客到冰島旅遊，許多人希望看到活火山噴灑熾熱的紅色熔岩，或一睹數千年曆史的藍色冰川。

But researchers say there could be a connection between melting glaciers which are shrinking because of rising global temperatures and the frequency of volcanic eruptions.

但研究人員表示，全球氣溫升高導致冰川融化，冰川面積不斷縮小，這與火山爆發的頻率之間可能存在聯繫。

Iceland is essentially one of the best places in the world to study this.

冰島是世界上最適合進行這方面研究的地方之一。

It's a natural laboratory because we have both volcanism and glaciers.

這裡是一個天然的實驗室，因為我們既有火山活動，也有冰川。

So at the moment, about 10 percent of Iceland is covered by glaciers and we have over 32 active volcanoes here.

目前，冰島約有 10% 的面積被冰川覆蓋，這裡有超過 32 座活火山。

Scientists say the Askjall volcano in Iceland's central highlands has risen about 80 centimeters in the past three years because of pressure building underneath it that's pushing the ground upwards.

科學家們說，冰島中部高原的阿斯克雅爾火山在過去三年裡上升了約 80 釐米，這是因為火山下的壓力正在不斷增大，將地面向上推高。

The theory is that magma or pressurized gas under a volcano increases as glaciers melt because the heavy ice no longer weighs down the Earth's crust, allowing magma to move more freely underground.

該理論認為，火山下的岩漿或加壓氣體會隨著冰川融化而增加，因為厚重的冰不再壓住地殼，岩漿可以更自由地在地下流動。

And those subterranean pressure changes can permeate to areas which aren't directly under glaciers like Askjall, which is just north of the country's largest glacier.

這些地下壓力變化會滲透到不直接位於冰川之下的地區，比如阿斯克雅爾，它就位於該國最大冰川的北面。

But with recent eruptions in Grindvik, a town in southwest Iceland, which not only put on a spectacular lava show, but also forced the evacuation of the town's residents, scientists are eager to learn more about what's triggering such volatility.

但最近冰島西南部小鎮格林德維克的火山爆發不僅上演了一場壯觀的熔岩秀，還迫使該鎮居民撤離，科學家們迫切希望瞭解更多有關引發這種波動的原因。

All the geothermal heat, we heat all the houses with geothermal, so lots of benefits.

我們用地熱為所有房屋供暖，好處多多。

But now with the activity in southwest Iceland where a lot of property has been destroyed and people need to move out, we are again reminded about how hazardous volcanoes are.

但現在，冰島西南部的火山活動摧毀了大量財產，人們需要搬離，這再次提醒我們火山是多麼危險。

Preliminary results in one study show that in the last three decades, magma beneath Iceland was produced at a rate two to three times what it would have been without ice loss.

一項研究的初步結果表明，在過去的三十年裡，冰島地下岩漿的生成速度是沒有冰層流失情況下的兩到三倍。

A possible pressure cooker lurking in one of the world's most picturesque places.

世界上風景最優美的地方之一可能潛藏著一個快鍋，壓力鍋。

The Louvre Museum in Paris was originally built to be a fortress, an iron factory, a space observatory, or a museum?

巴黎盧浮宮博物館最初的建造目的是要塞、鐵廠、太空觀測站，還是博物館？

The Louvre, the largest museum in the world, contains more than five hundred thousand works of art.

盧浮宮是世界上最大的博物館，藏有五十多萬件藝術品。

It was originally commissioned as a fortress by King Philip II in 1190 AD to protect the city of Paris.

公元 1190 年，腓力二世國王將其指定為要塞，以保護巴黎城。

About 300 miles north of the Louvre in Paris, in the Netherlands, we find another one of the world's most famous museums, the Rijksmuseum in the city of Amsterdam.

在巴黎盧浮宮以北約 300 英里的荷蘭，我們發現了另一座世界上最著名的博物館--位於阿姆斯特丹市的裡克斯博物館。

It's home to Dutch masterpieces by artists like Vermeer, Van Gogh, and Rembrandt.

這裡是維米爾、梵高和倫勃朗等荷蘭藝術家傑作的故鄉。

And Rembrandt's world-renowned painting Nightwatch is getting a touch-up.

倫勃朗舉世聞名的油畫《守夜人》也將得到修整。

We're going to learn how a group of restorers are using careful techniques to discover the story behind the painting, and how Rembrandt was able to put this enormous work together nearly 400 years ago.

我們將瞭解一群修復師是如何使用細緻的技術來發現這幅畫背後的故事，以及倫勃朗是如何在近 400 年前將這幅巨大的作品組合在一起的。

Rembrandt's monumental painting, the Nightwatch, has always been a star of Amsterdam's Rijksmuseum.

倫勃朗的巨幅油畫《守夜人》一直是阿姆斯特丹裡克斯博物館的明星。

But now you can see the story behind the 1642 masterpiece, which measures at a grand 12 by 14 and a half feet like never before.

但現在，您可以看到這幅 1642 年傑作背後的故事，它的尺寸達到了前所未有的 12 x 14.5 英尺。

After five years of exhaustive research, a team of eight restorers are starting a grand public preservation project that's open for all to see.

經過五年的詳盡研究，一個由八名修復人員組成的團隊正在啟動一個盛大的公共保護項目，向所有人開放。

We are now removing the old varnish of the Nightwatch, and we are using a synthetic non-woven tissue to do this, and in this tissue we have a very limited amount of solvent.

現在，我們正在清除 "守夜人 "的舊漆，我們使用的是一種合成無紡布，而這種無紡布中的溶劑非常有限。

We apply the tissue on the paint surface for a very limited amount of time, and then take it off, and with that we remove the bulk of the old varnish.

我們在油漆表面塗抹紙巾的時間非常有限，然後將其取下，這樣就能去除大部分舊清漆。

The removal of the old varnish aims to preserve the painting, as well as to give insight on its condition and Rembrandt's techniques and process.

去除舊清漆的目的是為了保護這幅畫，同時也是為了讓人們瞭解這幅畫的狀況以及倫勃朗的繪畫技巧和過程。

As well, you can see on the paint surface there are many old discolored retouchings.

此外，您還可以看到漆面上有許多舊的變色修飾。

They often have been applied very broadly, covering original paint, so we want to remove those and apply new, fine retouchings.

它們往往被大面積塗抹，覆蓋了原有的顏料，是以我們要將其去除，然後再進行新的精細修飾。

It's really a next phase of Operation Nightwatch.

這其實是 "守夜行動 "的下一階段。

Researchers at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute have discovered a new species of The new species is nicknamed Mystery Mullisk.

蒙特雷灣水族館研究所的研究人員發現了一種新物種，這種新物種被暱稱為 "神祕貽貝"。

It's the first known sea slug to swim in parts of the ocean that are 1,000 to 4,000 meters below the surface and untouched by sunlight.

這是已知的第一種在海面以下 1,000 至 4,000 米、未受陽光照射的海域游泳的海蛞蝓。

Scientists describe the new sea slug as having a gelatinous hood, a flat tail with finger-like projections, and colorful organs in the middle.

據科學家描述，這種新型海蛞蝓有一個凝膠狀的罩子、一條帶有手指狀突起的扁平尾巴以及中間的彩色器官。

It can also light up with bioluminescence to scare off predators.

它還能發出生物熒光，嚇跑掠食者。

Researchers say they first spotted the species in February of 2000 off of California's Monterey Bay.

研究人員稱，他們於 2000 年 2 月在加利福尼亞州蒙特雷灣附近首次發現了這一物種。

It was during a dive with a robotic camera, and they've been studying it ever since.

這是在一次使用機器人攝影機潛水時發現的，從那時起他們就一直在研究它。

A new baby pygmy hippo joining the ranks of swoon-worthy internet sensations.

一隻新的侏儒河馬寶寶加入了令人迷醉的網絡紅人行列。

The cute calf comes to us not long after another baby pygmy hippo named Mudang in Thailand stole our hearts.

這隻可愛的小河馬剛剛來到我們身邊不久，泰國另一隻名叫穆當（Mudang）的侏儒河馬寶寶又俘獲了我們的心。

CNN's Jeremy Roth introduces us to Haggis.

CNN 的傑里米-羅斯（Jeremy Roth）向我們介紹羊雜碎。

動物愛好者和活動家們歡欣鼓舞。

A brand new endangered pygmy hippo calf was just born and she is a cutie pie.

一隻全新的瀕危侏儒河馬幼崽剛剛出生，它是個可愛的小傢伙。

Born at Scotland's Edinburgh Zoo, the pint-sized pachyderm is just days old and is being closely monitored.

這隻小松鼠出生在蘇格蘭愛丁堡動物園，剛出生幾天，目前正在接受密切監測。

Haggis is already a social media star, of course, leaving the platform formerly known as Twitter all, uh, Twitter.

當然，哈吉斯已經是社交媒體上的明星，讓這個以前被稱為 "推特 "的平臺成為了 "推特"。

But maybe the best part, her arrival provides a much-needed boon to the endangered pygmy hippo population, which has reportedly dwindled to a mere 2,500 worldwide.

但也許最重要的是，它的到來為瀕臨滅絕的侏儒河馬帶來了急需的福音，據報道，侏儒河馬的數量已經減少到全球僅有 2500 頭。

All right, that's all we have time for for now.

好了，我們現在只有這些時間了。

Our shout-out today is going to West Jordan, Utah.

我們今天要為猶他州的西喬丹點贊。

All my friends at Sunset Ridge Middle School, keep shining bright.

日落嶺中學的朋友們，請繼續發光發熱。

Thanks to all of you for spending part of your day with us here on CNN 10.

感謝大家與我們 CNN 10 共度一天的美好時光。