So yeah, I can feel that the population is rising and it's an issue.

所以是的，我能感覺到人口在增加，這是一個問題。

If it's a man who can afford to have 10 children, fine, as long as he can take proper care of them.

如果一個男人能生得起 10 個孩子，那很好，只要他能好好照顧他們。

But if a person can't take care of them, you're being highly irresponsible.

但如果一個人不能照顧好他們，那就是對自己極不負責任。

Hey bosses, it's Kira from Asian Boss.

各位老闆，我是《亞洲老闆》的基拉。

Did you know that India has recently surpassed China to become the most populated country in the world with over 1.4 billion people?

您知道印度最近超過中國，成為世界上人口最多的國家，人口超過 14 億嗎？

Besides considering how it was even possible to count that many people, are you curious how ordinary Indians feel about it?

除了考慮怎麼可能數出那麼多人之外，你是否好奇普通印度人對此有何感受？

Let's hit the streets of Mumbai to find out.

讓我們到孟買街頭一探究竟。

Have you heard the news that India has surpassed China to become the most populated country in the world?

您聽說過印度超過中國成為世界上人口最多的國家的消息嗎？

Yes, I've heard about it.

是的，我聽說過。

Yes, India has to be at the top of everything.

是的，印度必須在所有方面都處於領先地位。

Even in this population.

即使在這些人群中也是如此。

No, no.

不，不

So it has and our current population is 1.4 billion people.

現在，我們的人口已達 14 億。

So, what's your immediate reaction to that?

那麼，你對此有何直接反應？

I guess that's good.

我想這是好事。

Well, that's not good because everything is crowded right now.

這可不好，因為現在什麼都很擁擠。

So, that's definitely not good.

所以，這絕對不是好事。

Do you think it's a good thing that our population has increased?

您認為我們的人口增加是件好事嗎？

Yes, it's a good thing.

是的，這是件好事。

When there's a war, our soldiers will be more.

有戰爭時，我們的阿兵哥會更多。

As the population keeps on growing, even the number of the less fortunate grow.

隨著人口的不斷增長，弱勢群體的數量也在增加。

I would say overcrowding leads to lesser opportunities for the people who deserve them.

我想說的是，過度擁擠會導致那些應該得到機會的人的機會減少。

It can be an asset or it can be a bad thing for us.

對我們來說，這可能是一筆財富，也可能是一件壞事。

An asset can boost our economy.

資產可以促進我們的經濟。

Youth are the most interested in technology and agriculture right now.

現在，年輕人對技術和農業最感興趣。

With new inventions.

有了新發明

And if they are disadvantaged, their unemployment rate can increase.

如果他們處於不利地位，失業率就會上升。

It's bad.

真糟糕

We have grown over a period of time, but because of the population, you don't see that growth.

我們在一段時間內有所增長，但由於人口原因，你看不到這種增長。

There's a big disparity between the rich and the poor.

貧富差距懸殊。

Can you feel the population explosion in your neighborhood, around you, when you travel?

當你旅行時，你能感受到你的鄰居、你周圍的人口爆炸嗎？

We were born in Bombay, so we know what Bombay was.

我們出生在孟買，所以我們知道孟買是什麼地方。

Today it's become a cement city.

如今，它已成為一座水泥城市。

There's no proper planning.

沒有適當的規劃。

There's no control in various areas.

各方面都無法控制。

Have you ever travelled by train?

您乘坐過火車嗎？

You'll see how much land is empty.

你會看到有多少土地是空的。

I want all the land to be filled up.

我希望所有的土地都被填滿。

So that there's enough population.

這樣就有足夠的人口。

I mean, you can see the metro stations, the railway stations, colleges being crowded.

我的意思是，你可以看到地鐵站、火車站、大學裡人山人海。

So yeah, I can feel that the population is rising and it's an issue.

所以是的，我能感覺到人口在增加，這是一個問題。

The traffic has gotten so much more chaotic and hectic.

交通變得更加混亂和繁忙。

And almost now, there's no place to walk on the road.

而幾乎現在，路上已經沒有地方可以走了。

Yeah, due to increase of population, there are a lot of private vehicles.

是啊，由於人口增加，私家車也多了起來。

You can see Mumbai, there's a thing like we spend our lives in traffic more than in our houses.

你可以看到孟買，我們在交通中度過的時間比在家裡度過的時間還長。

So yeah, that is a problem.

所以，是的，這是一個問題。

People don't use public transport, they use their own vehicles.

人們不使用公共交通工具，而是使用自己的車輛。

So because of that, a lot of things go wrong.

是以，很多事情都會出錯。

Can we ask how many siblings you guys have?

我們能問問你們有多少兄弟姐妹嗎？

I have two siblings.

我有兩個兄弟姐妹。

I'm a single child.

我是獨生子女。

We are two brothers and two sisters.

我們是兩兄妹。

Is this considered average in India?

這在印度算是平均水平嗎？

Yes, absolutely.

是的，當然。

I'm a single child.

我是獨生子女。

Would you say that that is considered average in India?

您認為這在印度算是平均水平嗎？

No, I think average there are two to three kids in a family right now.

不，我認為現在一個家庭平均有兩到三個孩子。

Way before, people used to have 10 siblings and 11 siblings.

以前，人們有 10 個兄弟姐妹和 11 個兄弟姐妹。

My grandfather had 11 siblings.

我的祖父有 11 個兄弟姐妹。

My father had three siblings.

我父親有三個兄弟姐妹。

I have zero siblings.

我沒有兄弟姐妹。

So slowly, but you know, the changes are coming.

雖然進展緩慢，但變革正在到來。

Earlier, parents had a lot of children.

早些時候，父母有很多孩子。

They thought always that these children, when they grow up, they'll be useful to them or they will contribute to the family or whatever is there.

他們總是認為，這些孩子長大後會對他們有用，或者會對家庭或其他方面做出貢獻。

But till that age of 15 or 16, you have to take care of these children and take responsibility.

但在 15 或 16 歲之前，你必須照顧這些孩子並承擔責任。

The parents should be prepared to do it.

家長應做好準備。

If they're not prepared to do it, they should not bring that life into this world.

如果他們沒有做好準備，就不應該把這個生命帶到這個世界上。

If it's a man who can afford to have 10 children, fine, as long as he can take proper care of them.

如果一個男人能生得起 10 個孩子，那很好，只要他能好好照顧他們。

But if a person can't take care of them, you're being highly irresponsible.

但如果一個人不能照顧好他們，那就是對自己極不負責任。

It's important to have three to four siblings in a family.

一個家庭中有三到四個兄弟姐妹是很重要的。

Now, I have two brothers.

現在，我有兩個兄弟。

One of them is out of India and the other is in India.

其中一個不在印度，另一個在印度。

So if something happens to him in India, who will help him?

那麼，如果他在印度出了事，誰來幫助他？

If he had two more brothers, they would help him, right?

如果他還有兩個兄弟，他們會幫助他的，對嗎？

For this, according to me, three to four.

為此，我認為需要三到四個人。

This is a personal question, but how many children do you want in your life?

這是一個個人問題，但你一生中想要幾個孩子？

As many as Allah will give me.

真主給我多少，我就做多少。

I don't even want to marry well, but still, if I get married, one is enough, I think.

我甚至不想嫁得很好，但如果我結婚了，我想一個就夠了。

The current generation, they consider how much they have in their pockets.

這一代人，他們考慮的是自己口袋裡有多少錢。

So according to it, they'll manage how many kids they want.

是以，根據該計劃，他們想要多少孩子就能管理多少孩子。

As of now, none.

目前還沒有。

Because we see how the economy is going right now.

因為我們看到了現在的經濟形勢。

Maybe in the future, we might consider adoption as a big class that we have.

也許將來，我們可以把收養作為我們的一個大類。

If I ever want a child, I'll go for the option of adoption only.

如果我想要孩子，我只會選擇領養。

I don't see any sense of producing a new one.

我認為製作一個新的沒有任何意義。

Yeah, it brings the joy of parenthood and it also gives the joy of childhood to another kid.

是的，它帶來了為人父母的喜悅，也讓另一個孩子感受到了童年的快樂。

So yeah, adoption might be in the future.

所以是的，領養可能是未來的事。

Even my cousins, all of them are a little hesitant to have kids.

就連我的堂兄妹們，他們都有點猶豫要不要孩子。

They either don't want to have kids or they only want to have one or max to max two.

他們要麼不想生孩子，要麼只想生一個或最多兩個。

Everyone nowadays wants to have a career, settle down, be independent before getting married, is what I would say.

我想說的是，現在的每個人都希望在結婚前擁有一份事業，安定下來，獨立自主。

My mom used to say when I was little that 23-24, you can get married.

我小時候媽媽常說，23-24 歲就可以結婚了。

But now, as much as I am seeing, no one gets married at 23-24.

但現在，據我所知，沒有人會在 23-24 歲結婚。

According to you, what is the reason for such a high population growth in India compared to other countries?

您認為，與其他國家相比，印度人口增長如此之快的原因是什麼？

So the reason was that there was COVID-19, people were at home, so there was a physical relationship, people started interacting, which was not possible in so many years.

原因是當時有了 COVID-19，人們都在家裡，所以就有了身體上的關係，人們開始互動，而這在這麼多年來是不可能的。

So now we have seen that the population has increased, we have just beaten China.

所以，現在我們看到人口增加了，我們剛剛打敗了中國。

The most major reason I find is illiteracy.

我發現最主要的原因是文盲。

More in the rural areas, people should be given education about it, that how a growing population can affect a country.

在農村地區，更多的人應該接受相關教育，瞭解不斷增長的人口會如何影響一個國家。

The taboo about talking about this situation, that is one of the issues.

禁忌談論這種情況是問題之一。

You only get to study that once you're in 11th and 12th and have taken bio as a subject.

只有到了 11 年級和 12 年級，並將生物作為一門課程學習後，你才有機會學習生物。

Otherwise, no students ever learn about it.

否則，就不會有學生了解它。

Even though I was a bio student, we didn't learn much about it in school.

儘管我是生物系的學生，但我們在學校裡並沒有學到太多這方面的知識。

But we did learn about it through our peers, and we learned about it through the internet, through the books, but it wasn't a widespread knowledge.

但我們確實通過同齡人、互聯網和書籍瞭解到了這一知識，但這一知識並不普及。

Even when I talked to my peers who weren't in biology, they didn't know much about it.

即使我和不學生物的同齡人哈拉，他們對生物也不甚瞭解。

Schools should give some education about how it's done, how family planning should be done, especially after India becoming the most populated country.

學校應該提供一些關於如何進行計劃生育的教育，尤其是在印度成為人口最多的國家之後。

If someone has an income of 5,000 or 10,000 rupees a month, they have five to four children.

如果有人每月收入 5 000 或 10 000 盧比，他們就會有 5 到 4 個孩子。

This is high time now that some family planning should be taught to people according to the income they're earning or according to the resources they have.

現在是時候了，應該根據人們的收入或所擁有的資源，向他們傳授一些計劃生育知識。

How difficult do you think it has become to find a job in Mumbai with such population?

您認為在人口如此眾多的孟買找工作有多難？

It is very difficult because the demand for jobs is more and the seats are less.

這是非常困難的，因為崗位需求多而名額少。

Again, in the college too.

同樣，在學院裡也是如此。

It is pretty difficult because you can say that if you want a job in Mumbai, you have to keep your academics at the top, like the CGPA, your experience, your project making and everything.

這相當困難，因為你可以說，如果你想在孟買找到一份工作，你就必須把你的學業放在首位，比如 CGPA、你的經驗、你的項目製作等等。

We are in engineering college right now.

我們現在就讀於工程學院。

We have been told that you have to maintain your CGPA if you want to get this package, if you want to get that package.

我們被告知，如果你想得到這個套餐，如果你想得到那個套餐，就必須保持 CGPA。

So yeah, hard work is very important in a city like Mumbai to get a better job.

所以說，在孟買這樣的城市，要想找到一份更好的工作，努力工作是非常重要的。

How many graduates are we producing every year?

我們每年培養多少畢業生？

Do we know?

我們知道嗎？

And how many of them can we provide jobs for?

我們又能為其中多少人提供就業機會？

You cannot do anything with such a population.

面對這樣的人口，你什麼也做不了。

How many people are you going to provide jobs?

你打算為多少人提供工作崗位？

And that's why the suicide rates go up.

這就是自殺率上升的原因。

People even in good institutions are committing suicides.

即使是在良好的機構中，也有人自殺。

IITs, IIMs itself, because they don't get decent jobs.

因為他們找不到體面的工作。

It's a bit too much at that point and it has increased mortality rate in students as well, which was, I prepared for NEET as you see.

在這一點上有點過了，這也增加了學生的死亡率，正如你所看到的，我為 NEET 做了準備。

So it was, the competition was very high.

是以，競爭非常激烈。

And then it was a hard thing to overcome at that point.

在那個時候，這是一件很難克服的事情。

So there's that, the competition, the competition in itself is quite one of the cons of an increased population.

是以，競爭，競爭本身就是人口增加的弊端之一。

Also the living conditions, like we living here in Mumbai, we know the population of Mumbai is being so crowded and the living condition of everyone is not that good.

還有生活條件，就像我們生活在孟買一樣，我們知道孟買的人口非常擁擠，每個人的生活條件都不是很好。

Okay, there are like very high class people, there are, you know, so the inequality, the wealth distribution is not that equal as we can see.

好吧，有些人很有地位，有些人，你知道，所以不平等，財富分配並不像我們看到的那樣平等。

And that's because of the crowd, because of the population.

這是因為人多，因為人口多。

Do you think population is something that the government should control?

您認為政府應該控制人口嗎？

I would say yes, but at the same time, it is not that easy for them to control.

我想說是的，但與此同時，他們也不是那麼容易控制的。

It should be the people's job to understand that what is the right time to stop.

人民的工作應該是瞭解什麼是停止的正確時機。

Of course, there should be some rules about kids in a family.

當然，家庭中也應該有一些關於孩子的規則。

There should not be more than two kids.

孩子不應超過兩個。

And I think in some few coming years, only one should be enough.

我想，在未來的幾年裡，只要有一個就足夠了。

China had that one child policy and it succeeded.

中國的獨生子女政策取得了成功。

We should have also introduced it much earlier.

我們還應該更早地引入它。

It's too late already.

已經太晚了。

We've already reached that position where we're the most populated country in the world.

我們已經成為世界上人口最多的國家。

So it should have been controlled much earlier, nearly maybe 50 to 60 years back.

是以，早在五六十年前就應該對其進行控制了。

Have you heard of the one child scheme in China?

您聽說過中國的獨生子女計劃嗎？

Would you say that that should be implemented in India?

你認為印度應該這樣做嗎？

The economic crash because of that, as far as I know, because of one child policy, they had a shortage of brides and grooms.

據我所知，由於獨生子女政策，經濟崩潰導致新郎新娘短缺。

They were being kidnapped.

他們被綁架了。

Because they opted for sons that will work in the economy.

因為他們選擇了能在經濟上發揮作用的兒子。

The income that could be brought into the family was through sons and not daughters.

能為家庭帶來收入的是兒子，而不是女兒。

So they had shortages of brides, gender inequality increased.

是以，他們的新娘短缺，性別不平等加劇。

That's another problem that they were facing.

這是他們面臨的另一個問題。

Also, brides were being kidnapped for marriages from broad daylight.

此外，新娘在光天化日之下被綁架結婚。

Women were getting kidnapped.

婦女遭到綁架。

Crime rates were very high.

犯罪率非常高。

So I think in India that would also happen.

是以，我認為在印度也會出現這種情況。

If something of that scheme was implemented, it would be a disaster in India for sure.

如果實施這樣的計劃，在印度肯定會是一場災難。

Yeah, I would say it's not possible in India.

是的，我認為這在印度是不可能的。

Why do you think so?

為什麼這麼說？

Indian people are more into the joint family dynamic.

印度人更多的是以聯合家庭為動力。

Always staying together, doing everything together.

總是待在一起，一起做每一件事。

And that's a good thing, actually.

這其實是件好事。

We all get together for festivals and everything.

我們都會聚在一起參加各種節日活動。

So I feel like we already have that mindset in us.

所以我覺得我們已經有了這種心態。

So I don't think nuclear families exist, but they are not that popular in India.

是以，我認為核心家庭並不存在，但在印度並不流行。

Would you say that there are any positives to this population growth?

您認為人口增長有什麼積極意義嗎？

Positives for this?

這樣做的好處是什麼？

There definitely are.

肯定有。

I'm not denying that.

我不否認這一點。

For example, more labor, we get more manpower for this.

例如，更多的勞動力，我們為此獲得了更多的人力。

That's the only positive, I think.

我認為這是唯一的積極因素。

And more brains.

更多的大腦

Do you think the population will affect India's status from becoming a developing to a developed nation?

您認為人口會影響印度從開發中國家變為發達國家嗎？

Of course, yes.

當然，是的。

Population is everything.

人口就是一切。

So it also depends on the quality of the population.

是以，這也取決於人口的素質。

What kind of population is growing.

什麼樣的人口在增長。

If it's an uneducated population, I think this is sounding very rude.

如果是沒有受過教育的人，我覺得這聽起來很不禮貌。

But then it will lead to undevelopment.

但這樣就會導致不發展。

This will take India backwards.

這將使印度倒退。

Economy will boost.

經濟將得到促進。

Human resources will boost.

人力資源將得到加強。

If led properly, if there are good leaders, where we can boost the education, we can actually bring up the human resources in India.

如果上司得當，如果有好的領導者，如果我們能促進教育，我們就能切實提高印度的人力資源。

And human resource is something that is very much needed in almost everywhere in the world.

而人力資源是世界上幾乎所有地方都非常需要的東西。

It's now on to the government, how they handle the population, how they handle their people.

現在的問題是政府，他們如何處理人口，如何處理人民。

If they handle the people well, with less corruption.

如果他們能很好地管理人民，減少腐敗。

But now we need the resources.

但現在我們需要資源。

Exactly.

沒錯。

With less corruption and maybe less malpractices, I think they can maybe increase the pace of that development.

如果腐敗現象少一些，瀆職行為少一些，我想他們也許可以加快發展步伐。