They will have to work 10 times as hard as a person who would be more privileged than them.

他們要比比他們更有特權的人付出 10 倍的努力。

Hey bosses, this is Paridhi from Asian Boss.

各位老闆，我是《亞洲老闆》的帕裡迪。

What we don't often hear in the mainstream media is the growing wealth gaps that are destroying the middle class all around the world.

我們在主流媒體上很少聽到的是，日益擴大的貧富差距正在摧毀世界各地的中產階級。

This is especially true for India which has the 3rd largest number of billionaires in the world after US and China.

印度的億萬富翁人數僅次於美國和中國，位居世界第三，這一點尤為突出。

But did you know that the richest 1% of Indians own 40% of wealth in India?

但你知道印度最富有的 1%的人擁有印度 40% 的財富嗎？

So how do ordinary Indians feel about the wealth gap and the top 1%?

那麼，普通印度人如何看待貧富差距和最富裕的 1%？

And what do they think is the reason behind this growing trend?

他們認為這一趨勢背後的原因是什麼？

Let's hit the streets of Delhi to get some local insight.

讓我們走上德里街頭，瞭解一下當地的風土人情。

Today we just wanted to know how much does average Indian people make per month?

今天，我們只想知道印度人的平均月收入是多少？

So if you're comfortable, can we know how much you make per month or per year in INR?

如果您方便的話，能告訴我們您每月或每年的收入嗎？

Around 25,000 per month, minimum.

每月至少 25,000 左右。

And then multiply by 12, whatever it is.

然後乘以 12，不管是多少。

Around 7-8 lakh INR per year.

每年約 7-8 萬印度盧比。

Actually I'm a business developer at a crypto project.

事實上，我是一個加密項目的業務開發人員。

Plus I'm a YouTuber and I'm an overseas counsellor.

另外，我還是一名優酷用戶和海外顧問。

Per year I earn around 11. 11 lakhs per annum.

我每年的收入約為 11.11 lakhs per annum.

Mine would be around 7.5.

我的應該在 7.5 左右。

So that's a very personal question but I would say somewhere around 10-12 lakhs per annum.

是以，這是一個非常私人的問題，但我認為每年的收入大約在 10-12 萬左右。

I'm actually working in an overseas industry where we actually help students to study abroad.

實際上，我在海外行業工作，我們實際上是在幫助學生出國留學。

So we help in their application process, we help in their visas.

是以，我們幫助他們辦理申請手續和簽證。

I don't often make money because I'm a student.

我不經常賺錢，因為我是個學生。

But whatever internships I've done till now have earned me around 6-7 thousand a month.

不過，無論我現在做什麼實習，每月都能掙到六七千左右。

Around that range.

大約在這個範圍內。

I'm a student so I don't make any money.

我是個學生，所以賺不到錢。

But my household income is over 20 lakhs per annum.

但我的家庭年收入超過 20 萬。

The average monthly salary would be lower.

平均月薪會更低。

I think my household income would be in the top 15-20%.

我想我的家庭收入應該在前 15%-20%。

Around 2.5 lakhs.

約 250 萬。

And what do you do for a living?

你是做什麼工作的？

I'm a doctor.

我是個醫生

Eye surgeon.

眼科醫生

Would you say whatever you make is considered the average monthly salary in India?

您認為您的月薪算印度的平均月薪嗎？

No.

不

This is for the elite 5% of the Indians.

這是為 5%的印第安人精英準備的。

And then what amount would you say is considered average?

那麼，您認為平均值是多少？

I think 3 lakhs per year would be an average.

我認為每年 30 萬是一個平均數。

Might be even lesser than that.

可能比這還少。

An average salary is around 25,000 currently running.

目前的平均工資約為 25 000 美元。

Because I've been interviewing a lot of candidates in my sector.

因為我已經面試了很多本行業的候選人。

So would you say it is enough to get by or are you still struggling?

那麼，您認為這些錢足以讓您過上好日子，還是您仍在苦苦掙扎？

Actually I'm a more investment centric person.

事實上，我是一個更注重投資的人。

So I think it's not enough to buy me a property or buy me a car.

所以，我覺得給我買房買車還不夠。

For a living I'm making enough.

為了生活，我已經賺得夠多了。

There are people who are even surviving at 10,000 per month.

有些人甚至每月靠 1 萬美元維持生計。

Which results in a package of 1.2 lakhs per annum.

是以，年薪為 120 萬美元。

So if you're talking about the basic sustaining of the life like your food and very bare minimum necessities that could be taken care of in 10,000 even.

是以，如果你說的是維持生命的基本需求，比如你的食物和最起碼的生活必需品，這些甚至可以在一萬年內解決。

But if you want to go lavish or you try to explore the world then there is no limit to it.

但是，如果您想奢侈一把，或者您想探索世界，那就沒有限制了。

India actually has the third highest number of billionaires in the world.

實際上，印度的億萬富翁人數在世界上排名第三。

And from the outside world it might seem like everyone is relatively well off.

從外界看來，似乎每個人都相對富裕。

So how serious do you think the issue of wealth inequality is in India at the moment?

那麼，您認為目前印度的財富不平等問題有多嚴重？

It's quite bad because a few people are hoarding wealth.

因為少數人囤積財富，所以情況相當糟糕。

But most people are struggling to get by.

但大多數人都在勉強度日。

Poor people often get stuck in a vicious cycle of addiction also.

窮人往往也會陷入上癮的惡性循環。

So there's a lot of things that affect income inequality and it's really bad in India.

是以，影響收入不平等的因素有很多，而印度的情況非常糟糕。

There is a very large inequality of wealth.

財富非常不平等。

Even as a student I do think I have certain privileges that a lot of people cannot afford because my parents are slightly well off.

即使作為一名學生，我也認為自己擁有很多人享受不起的特權，因為我的父母略微富裕。

I can own a good branded smartphone.

我可以擁有一部好的品牌智能手機。

I can choose to do a lot of things that a lot of people on a daily basis cannot do in India.

我可以選擇做很多在印度很多人每天都做不了的事情。

A lot of people work for wages that are less than 100 rupees per day.

很多人每天的工資不到 100 盧比。

And there are people who are forced to do work that they would never otherwise do just to earn that one meal a day.

有些人被迫做一些他們原本不會做的工作，只為掙得一天一頓飯。

So yes, there is a large wealth inequality in India.

是以，是的，印度存在著巨大的財富不平等。

And when I heard that India has the third largest number of billionaires and then when I look around us then I do see that there is a stark difference between the people who are well off and the people who are not.

當我聽說印度的億萬富翁人數位居世界第三時，當我環顧四周時，我確實看到了富裕人群和不富裕人群之間的巨大差異。

According to the recent report, the richest 1% of Indians own over 40% of the country's wealth.

根據最近的報告，最富有的 1%印度人擁有全國 40%以上的財富。

So what's your reaction to that?

你對此有何反應？

I am sad.

我很難過。

It's just sad.

這太可悲了。

I wish they gave some of their money to me.

我希望他們把錢分給我一些。

No reaction.

沒有反應。

I don't have anything.

我什麼都沒有。

What to say?

該怎麼說？

If I become a billionaire and the next morning I wake up and say that I am a billionaire it doesn't matter for me.

如果我成了億萬富翁，第二天早上醒來說我是億萬富翁，這對我來說並不重要。

I am coming from a middle class family.

我來自一箇中產階級家庭。

So what?

那又怎樣？

It's a by-product of capitalism.

這是資本主義的副產品。

I am not saying that I support other systems more but it's a flaw of capitalism that separates the workers from the means of production.

我並不是說我更支持其他制度，但這是資本主義的一個缺陷，它將工人與生產資料分離開來。

So the wealth naturally gets accumulated in the hands of a few people which are the capitalists.

是以，財富自然而然地積累到了少數人的手中，這些人就是資本家。

So it's shocking and it shouldn't happen.

是以，這是令人震驚的，也是不應該發生的。

I did already know this statistic.

我早就知道這個統計數據。

It actually increases quite a bit when you go to the top 10% of Indians.

實際上，當你進入前 10%的印度人行列時，這個數字會增加很多。

They own around 60-70% of the country's wealth.

他們擁有全國約 60-70% 的財富。

Just the top 10%.

只有前 10%。

And the remaining 90% are forced to live on around 20-30% of the country's wealth.

而剩下的 90% 的人只能依靠國家約 20%-30% 的財富生活。

And that has been a statistic in India, I think, ever since its independence.

我認為，自印度獨立以來，這一直是印度的一個統計數據。

It is their luck.

這是他們的運氣。

They have been born in those families where they are already rich.

他們出生在那些已經很富有的家庭。

So for a rich person to take out more money is very easy for them.

是以，對於富人來說，拿出更多的錢是非常容易的。

The richer are getting more richer.

富者愈富。

How do you think it is possible for someone to become that rich to be in the top 1%?

你認為一個人怎麼可能變得如此富有，躋身前 1%？

For example, there are a lot of self-made millionaires and billionaires in India or is it all generational family wealth?

例如，印度有很多白手起家的百萬富翁和億萬富翁，還是說他們都是世代相傳的家族財富？

See, I think almost 50% of them are generational.

你看，我覺得幾乎 50%的人都是世代相傳的。

And the start-up scenario has just begun in India now.

而印度的初創企業才剛剛起步。

It wasn't there initially.

最初並不存在。

This is definitely not all generational family wealth.

這絕對不全是世代相傳的家族財富。

There are people who have struggled and have worked really hard.

有些人一直在奮鬥，非常努力。

And sometimes things work out.

有時，事情也會成功。

It takes a lot of hard work and planning just to get yourself to where some people are.

要想達到某些人的境界，需要付出大量的努力和計劃。

So I think that's definitely not all generational wealth.

是以，我認為這絕對不全是世代相傳的財富。

Most people who are in the self-made billionaire category themselves have come from upper middle class backgrounds where they've been given access to the best education.

大多數白手起家的億萬富翁都出身於中上層階級，接受過最好的教育。

They've had access to the best facilities in a lot of different fields.

他們在許多不同的領域都能使用最好的設施。

And because of this thing, there is their hard work and there is their dedication that has also been a role.

正因為如此，他們的努力和奉獻也發揮了作用。

But even then, there has been a generational backing where they could afford good education.

但即便如此，還是有一代人能夠負擔得起良好的教育。

They had a chance to do something.

他們有機會做點什麼。

Would it be possible in India for any young person from a poor background but with a big dream to climb up the social ladder and become super wealthy just based on his or her hard work and dedication?

在印度，任何一個出身貧寒但懷揣遠大理想的年輕人，都有可能憑藉自己的勤奮和努力，在社會階梯上攀升，成為超級富豪嗎？

I doubt it because again, the initial investment is important.

我對此表示懷疑，因為同樣重要的是初始投資。

Plus it's also about luck.

此外，這還與運氣有關。

How lucky you are and how opportunities present themselves.

你是多麼幸運，機會又是多麼垂青於你。

See if a person is willing to study hard and work hard.

看一個人是否願意努力學習和工作。

He can.

他可以

He or she can.

他或她可以

The thing is, this present generation, they want only shortcuts.

問題是，這一代人只想走捷徑。

They are not willing to put in the hard work.

他們不願意付出艱辛的努力。

As far as I have my own opinion, you have to put in a lot of work and then the destiny will take its course and you will definitely go wherever you want to go.

就我個人的觀點而言，你必須付出大量的努力，然後命運會順其自然，你一定會去你想去的地方。

And you have to have set goals.

你必須有既定的目標。

I'm 28 years old and I see my cousins, like 20 years old and 19 years old, they are not into the jobs.

我今年 28 歲，我看到我的表兄弟們，比如 20 歲和 19 歲，他們都不喜歡這份工作。

They want to do a startup and they want to hire someone who works for them.

他們想做一家初創公司，想僱一個為他們工作的人。

And I've seen that.

我已經看到了。

One of my friends who is just 19 years old and he's earning a lot of money and he has adopted that culture.

我的一個朋友年僅 19 歲，就賺了很多錢，他也接受了這種文化。

So now a generation, the younger generation, they have that business mind, I think.

是以，我認為，現在的一代人，年輕的一代人，都有這種商業頭腦。

Gone are the days where people used to say, if you want to start your own business, you require 1 million or 2 million dollars or maybe at least 1 lakh rupees.

過去，人們常說，如果你想自己創業，你需要 100 萬或 200 萬美元，或者至少 100 萬盧比。

But nowadays you can even start your own YouTube channel or whatever you want by either investing your time or investing a spare amount of money, I would say.

但如今，我想說的是，你甚至可以通過投入時間或閒置資金來開設自己的 YouTube 頻道或任何你想要的東西。

And yes, that is actually possible.

是的，這實際上是可能的。

It is possible, but all the factors are against them.

這是可能的，但所有因素都對他們不利。

They will have to work 10 times as hard as a person who would be more privileged than them. 100 times more if someone has generational wealth backing them.

他們需要付出的努力是比他們更有特權的人的 10 倍。如果有人擁有世代相傳的財富作為後盾，則要付出 100 倍的努力。

So yes, a person who wants to start a company today and comes from a lower economic background will find it very difficult to raise the capital to start the business.

是以，如果一個人想在今天創辦一家公司，但他的經濟背景較低，那麼他將很難籌集到創業資金。

But a person who is the son of a wealthy industrialist would be gifted that business.

但是，如果一個人是富有實業家的兒子，他就會得到這筆生意。

So yes, I do think it is possible, but it is very difficult.

所以，是的，我認為這是可能的，但非常困難。

So, do you have any personal stories you can share that might highlight the gap between how rich and the poor live?

那麼，您有什麼可以分享的個人故事來突出富人和窮人之間的生活差距嗎？

Do you get such direct contrast in the lifestyle in your everyday life?

在日常生活中，你的生活方式會有如此直接的反差嗎？

Absolutely, so my house help actually has a daughter who is of my age and her lifestyle and my lifestyle would be very different.

當然，我的家政服務員其實有一個和我同齡的女兒，她的生活方式和我的生活方式會很不一樣。

I might be able to talk like this, but she could hardly read.

我也許能這樣說話，但她幾乎不識字。

What I do right now and what she does right now is also one of the examples for the same.

我現在所做的和她現在所做的也是相同的例子之一。

It's kind of sad that we have to see that on a daily basis, but it is how it is.

我們每天都得看到這種情況，這有點令人難過，但事實就是這樣。

See, I have seen people digging for food inside the dustbin and I have seen people even in the restaurants here and everywhere just leaving the food and sort of, I don't like that.

我見過有人在垃圾桶裡挖食物，也見過有人甚至在餐館裡把食物扔在地上，我不喜歡這樣。

You should eat that much food which is sufficient for you.

你應該吃足夠多的食物。

You shouldn't waste the food.

你不應該浪費食物。

In early 70s, when the green revolution has not taken place properly, people died due to hunger.

70 年代初，由於綠色革命沒有得到很好的開展，人們死於飢餓。

So, we should think about that, we should not waste food.

是以，我們應該考慮到這一點，我們不應該浪費食物。

In general, how are these super wealthy 1% perceived by the broader population?

一般來說，更多的人是如何看待這 1%的超級富豪的呢？

For example, do you envy them or does it motivate you to somewhere where they are or does it not bother you at all?

例如，你是羨慕他們，還是激勵你去他們所在的地方，或者你根本不在意這些？

I don't bother it.

我不打擾它。

You don't really know that what person who was there, how they have, how he or she has reached over there.

你真的不知道在那裡的是什麼人，他們是如何到達那裡的。

What is the behind of the story, you don't know it.

故事的背後是什麼，你不知道。

I am happy with life, what I am.

我對自己的生活和現狀感到滿意。

I don't expect much, what I am, I am happy with that.

我不奢望太多，我對自己的現狀感到滿意。

Just be happy, whatever you are holding on.

無論你在堅持什麼，只要快樂就好。

You might be holding much more than me or you might be holding less than me, but you should be happy.

你可能比我持有的多得多，也可能比我持有的少，但你應該感到高興。

I do not envy people, I look up to them.

我不嫉妒別人，我仰慕他們。

I try to learn from their stories and see that what vision do they have in their mind for wealth.

我試圖從他們的故事中學習，看看他們心目中的財富願景是什麼。

I would say that taking inspiration from anyone is okay, but most of us really don't matter that much.

我想說，從任何人身上汲取靈感都是可以的，但我們中的大多數人其實並不那麼重要。

So, I think that majority of Indian population can take aspiration, inspiration from the greats or the wealthy people.

是以，我認為大多數印度人都能從偉人或富人身上汲取願望和靈感。

But we have to plan out our own journey, so our focus is on that.

但我們必須規劃好自己的旅程，所以我們的重點是這個。

Have you often seen rich people showing off their wealth or treating other people badly?

你是否經常看到有錢人炫富或對他人不好？

I think yes, I think yes.

我想是的，我想是的。

There are quite a lot of couple of names, but I won't name them.

有很多名字，我就不一一列舉了。

But yes, there are.

但是，有的。

It's just because they can't handle the money they have or can't handle the wealth they have and they think they have become the God and they started dominating even the middle rich and the superior caste.

這只是因為他們無法駕馭他們所擁有的金錢，或者無法駕馭他們所擁有的財富，他們認為自己已經成為了上帝，他們甚至開始支配中等富裕階層和上等種姓。

I did have a friend who was extremely rich and his way of talking, he was always offering things to which some people found little derogatory, but that was just his way of living.

我有一個朋友非常有錢，他說話的方式總是讓人覺得有些貶義，但這就是他的生活方式。

So, I don't think they typically are bad.

是以，我不認為它們一般都很糟糕。

Showing off their wealth is a thing that happens a lot, like lavish weddings that nobody really needs and calling celebrities on your functions as a status symbol.

炫富的事情經常發生，比如沒有人真正需要的奢華婚禮，把名人請到自己的宴會上作為身份的象徵。

Now, that's subjective.

這是主觀臆斷。

Obviously, someone wants to do what they can, but it can be seen as showing off your wealth because, again, the purpose is to further your status into society.

很明顯，有人想做力所能及的事情，但這也可能被視為炫耀財富，因為這樣做的目的也是為了提高自己的社會地位。

The old rich will never disrespect any person, what I have seen.

在我看來，老富豪絕不會不尊重任何人。

The new rich, they are flaunting their wealth.

新貴們，他們在炫耀自己的財富。

They think following moral values is a sign of backwardness, which I don't think is right.

他們認為遵循道德價值觀是落後的表現，我認為這是不對的。

Have you faced any of this in real life, where you have seen a rich person flaunting or treating somebody bad?

在現實生活中，你是否遇到過這樣的情況，看到過有錢人炫耀或虧待別人？

Definitely.

當然。

Some of my new rich friends, they treat the waiters very badly in the restaurant and I don't like that.

我的一些新朋友很有錢，他們在餐廳裡對服務員很不好，我不喜歡這樣。

That person is also earning an honest living and he should be respected for his work.

那個人也是在誠實地謀生，他的工作應該得到尊重。

Any day given, I would not like my son to be a rich person, I would like him to be a generous person and a compassionate person.

無論哪一天，我都不希望我的兒子成為一個富有的人，我希望他成為一個慷慨大方、富有同情心的人。

I think a person who is self-made millionaire or billionaire, I have not seen a single of them who is not humble.

我認為，一個白手起家的百萬富翁或億萬富翁，沒有一個不謙虛的。

Who likes to show off, because they don't have to show off.

誰喜歡炫耀，因為他們不必炫耀。

If I am not rich, then I have to show my car, I have to show my wallets, I have to show this, this, this.

如果我不富有，那我就得展示我的汽車，我得展示我的錢包，我得展示這個、這個、這個。

But rich person say, just search me on Google, you will get to know how much net worth I am.

但富人卻說，只要在谷歌上搜索我，你就會知道我有多少淨資產。

Actually, they hide their wealth because of taxes.

事實上，他們隱藏財富是因為稅收。

Because if they expose their wealth and how much they earn, so they have to pay more taxes.

因為如果他們暴露了自己的財富和收入，那麼他們就必須繳納更多的稅。

That is why the term is called black money in India.

這也是印度將黑錢稱為黑錢的原因。

Rich people like to hide their wealth.

富人喜歡隱藏財富。

Based on what you know, what do you think are the main factors contributing to such wide wealth inequality in India?

根據您所瞭解的情況，您認為造成印度如此廣泛的財富不平等的主要因素是什麼？

Is there something particularly about Indian society that allows for this?