Name: 207.你看清自己了嗎？| 沒有愚蠢的問題 (207. How Clearly Do You See Yourself? | No Stupid Questions)
Uploaded: 2024-10-28T09:10:51.000Z
Duration: 36 min 24 s

過去簡單式

And you're listening to No Stupid Questions.

您正在收聽的是《沒有愚蠢的問題》。

Today on the show, how accurately do we see ourselves?

今天的節目中，我們如何準確地看待自己？

When you ask people, are you an average driver?

當你問別人，你是一個普通的司機嗎？

天哪，每個人都是偉大的駕駛員。

Mike, we have an email from a listener named Haji, and I'm going to read it to you.

邁克，我們收到一封來自一位名叫哈吉的聽眾的郵件，我現在把它讀給你聽。

It begins, I found the ongoing discussions about the Big Five personality series fascinating.

一開始，我就發現目前關於大五人格系列的討論非常吸引人。

I mean, we went through each of the Big Five personality traits in a series recently.

我的意思是，我們最近在一個系列中介紹了五大人格特質。

And apparently Haji was one of the, I think we had 50,000 listeners take the survey.

很顯然，哈吉是其中之一，我想我們有 5 萬名聽眾參加了調查。

So Haji says, after taking the survey, I couldn't help but wonder how others might rate me if asked and vice versa.

哈吉說，在接受調查後，我不禁想知道，如果別人問我，會給我打多少分，反之亦然。

What factors lead to the variations between an individual's self-perception and how they're perceived by their family, colleagues, or friends?

是什麼因素導致了個人的自我認知與家人、同事或朋友對他們的認知之間的差異？

Terrific question and something I have been thinking about, I think, since my very first day of graduate school.

這個問題非常好，我想，從我讀研究所學生的第一天起，我就一直在思考這個問題。

I love this because I think we lie to ourselves all the time, probably not on purpose.

我喜歡這句話，因為我覺得我們總是在欺騙自己，可能不是故意的。

But I often wonder, like the way I perceive myself, I'm sure is massively different than how other people perceive me.

但我經常會想，就像我對自己的看法一樣，我相信我和其他人對我的看法大相徑庭。

I just think it's probably true that family and close friends are both more accurate in their perception of us, but maybe also more judgy.

我只是覺得，家人和好友對我們的看法可能更準確，但也可能更挑剔。

Not because they're judgmental, but because they have seen a broader perspective of our personality.

這並不是因為他們有評判性，而是因為他們從更廣闊的角度看到了我們的個性。

Yeah, but critical in an observant way, not necessarily critical as in a negative way, right?

是的，但責備的方式是觀察，而不一定是負面的責備，對嗎？

I think it's really hard to be honest with ourselves all the time.

我認為，一直對自己誠實真的很難。

Okay, I've been collecting data on self-report questionnaires like No Stupid Questions listeners took.

好吧，我一直在收集 "沒有愚蠢的問題 "聽眾自述問卷的數據。

And by the way, by popular demand, we just kept the survey up.

順便說一下，應廣大讀者的要求，我們繼續進行了調查。

So if anybody wants to see what they think of their own personality traits, they can do that at Freakonomics.com slash big five.

是以，如果有人想了解他們對自己性格特徵的看法，可以訪問 Freakonomics.com slash big five。

But I've been collecting data that is like that survey, self-report.

但我一直在收集類似調查的數據，即自我報告。

Answer a bunch of questions about yourself.

And then you get friends or teachers or parents to answer the same exact questions.

然後讓朋友、老師或父母回答同樣的問題。

But now the pronouns are not first person singular, they're third person.

但現在代詞不是第一人稱單數，而是第三人稱。

The technical term for this in psychology is called informant reports.

心理學中的專業術語稱之為線人報告。

Did you know my mom once observed me talking to someone?

你知道我媽媽曾經看到我和別人說話嗎？

This is not a great moment in my life, but I walked back over and she said, who put a quarter in you?

這不是我人生中的美好時刻，但我又走了回去，她說，誰給你放了 25 美分？

Because I was incredibly, maybe overly talkative.

因為我非常健談，也許是過於健談。

Maybe not as solicitous of asking questions of the other person as I ought to have been, as I was taught.

也許我沒有像別人教我的那樣，主動向對方提問。

But anyway, the question is really rich and deep.

但無論如何，這個問題確實豐富而深刻。

And I mentioned that I've been thinking about this question since my first days of graduate school.

我說過，從讀研究所學生的第一天起，我就一直在思考這個問題。

That is because in my very first study as a graduate student, I gave questionnaires to middle school students.

這是因為在我作為研究所學生的第一項研究中，我向中學生髮放了調查問卷。

Actually, eighth grade is about the first grade where somebody can kind of reliably answer these questionnaires.

實際上，八年級是能夠可靠地回答這些問卷的第一個年級。

Before that, kids tend to be very egocentric.

在此之前，孩子們往往非常以自我為中心。

So when you ask them, like, are you talkative?

所以，當你問他們，你健談嗎？

They don't do what they're supposed to do, which is to compare themselves to other kids.

他們不會做他們應該做的事情，那就是與其他孩子進行比較。

They answer the questions, but there's a lot of noise and not a lot of signal.

他們回答了問題，但噪音很多，信號不多。

But I gave these self-report questionnaires about personality, in particular self-control, to these middle schoolers.

但我向這些初中生髮放了有關人格，特別是自控力的自我報告問卷。

And then I also gave the same exact questionnaires in their informant report version.

然後，我也給出了與線人報告版本完全相同的問卷。

So now, you know, does this child control themselves when they need to, etc.

那麼現在，你知道這個孩子在需要的時候會不會控制自己了吧，等等。

To the teachers of these kids and then also their parents.

敬這些孩子的老師，也敬他們的父母。

And Mike Mond would not be surprised that when you get all the data back, one way you know how much signal there is and how much noise is whether the scores for that particular way of measuring self-control correlate with the others.

邁克-蒙德不會感到驚訝的是，當你得到所有的數據時，你知道有多少信號，有多少噪音的一種方法是，測量自我控制的特定方法的分數是否與其他方法相關。

And in fact, parent ratings of self-control are the least correlated.

而事實上，家長對孩子自控力的評價是最不相關的。

I mean, it's not that there's no correlation, but they don't predict outcomes as well as...

我的意思是，這並不是說沒有相關性，但它們並不能像......那樣預測結果。

So parents are the least able to accurately determine?

那麼，父母是最不能準確判斷的嗎？

I just want to make sure I was understanding.

我只是想確認一下我是否理解了。

It's like you would expect them to know the kid best, right?

就像你希望他們最瞭解孩子一樣，對嗎？

They've seen them for much longer than their teachers.

I mean, who doesn't know you but your mother?

我是說，除了你媽媽，誰不認識你？

Is it that we all think our kids are the best?

是不是我們都認為自己的孩子是最棒的？

I can't remember whether the averages were higher because that's one way you would know.

我不記得平均值是否更高，因為這是你瞭解情況的一個途徑。

Like, oh, the parents are rating these kids like four out of five and the teachers are rating them like two out of five or something like that.

比如，家長給這些孩子的評分是五分中的四分，而老師給他們的評分是五分中的兩分之類的。

But they just didn't relate to other things very well.

但它們與其他事物的聯繫並不緊密。

我一次又一次地發現了這一點。

And instead of checking off the boxes, like very much like my child, you know, not at all like my child, they wrote in the margin, how am I supposed to answer this question?

他們沒有勾選 "非常像我的孩子"、"你知道的，一點也不像我的孩子 "等選項，而是在空白處寫道："我該如何回答這個問題？

I have no idea how they compare to others.

我不知道他們與其他人相比如何。

And I do think that one of the reasons why parents struggle is because, you know, they want to think their son is the next Tom Brady or something.

我確實認為，父母們掙扎的原因之一是因為，你知道，他們想讓自己的兒子成為下一個湯姆-布雷迪（Tom Brady）什麼的。

But they also just have a very limited frame of reference compared to teachers, right, who see, I don't know, dozens of kids a year, sometimes hundreds, and then hundreds of kids, if not thousands over the course of their career.

但與教師相比，他們的參考範圍也非常有限，對吧，教師一年不知道要見幾十個孩子，有時是幾百個，然後是幾百個孩子，甚至在他們的職業生涯中要見幾千個孩子。

Well, and it's hard to judge yourself often going to Haji's question, because, I mean, it's the first time I've ever been a fifth grader or the first time I've ever been new at this company.

嗯，我很難經常對哈吉的問題作出自我判斷，因為，我是說，這是我第一次當五年級學生，也是我第一次成為這家公司的新人。

I don't even know how to rate myself against everybody else.

我甚至不知道如何給自己和其他人打分。

It's sort of like when they ask you at the hospital, rate your pain on a scale of one to ten.

這有點像他們在醫院問你，用一到十來評價你的疼痛。

I don't know what it's like to give birth.

And then words would come out of people's mouths, but you're like, what?

然後，人們會說出一些話，但你會想，什麼？

It's better to say like, okay, scale from one to ten.

So now the better scales that your doctor can ask you are scales where the number comes with a description, cannot walk up a flight of stairs, you know, five, cannot pick up a half gallon of milk, seven, cannot get out of bed.

是以，現在醫生可以問你的更好的量表是數字附帶描述的量表，如不能走上一段樓梯，你知道的，5，不能拿起半加侖牛奶，7，不能下床。

順便說一句，它們仍然不夠完美。

But to this day, there's always a little bit of signal.

And there's also this kind of noise that comes from a stoic person, Jason's grandfather, who was affectionately known as Pothead.

還有一種聲音來自於一個剛毅的人，傑森的祖父，他被親切地稱為 "鍋蓋頭"。

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207.你看清自己了嗎？| 沒有愚蠢的問題 (207. How Clearly Do You See Yourself? | No Stupid Questions)

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