Name: 讓我們學英語主題：食物???(僅課程） (Let's Learn English! Topic: Food! ??? (Lesson Only))
Uploaded: 2024-10-21T14:19:54.000Z
Duration: 34 min 56 s

Well, hello and welcome to this English lesson about food.

大家好，歡迎來到這節關於食物的英語課。

I've done lessons about food in the past and it is I think one of the most requested topics. So, I thought it would be fun to do another English lesson about food. I have done a few other ones. You can go back and watch those someday but uh in this English lesson about food, I'll talk about different ways to talk about preparing food. I'll talk about where you prepare food. I'll talk about what food tastes like a little bit and I'll talk about different ways to cook food or prepare food. So, once again, welcome to this English lesson about food. Um I think you'll enjoy it. To make or to prepare.

我以前上過關於食物的英語課，我想這是學生要求最多的話題之一。是以，我覺得再上一堂關於食物的英語課會很有趣。我還上過其他幾節課。有機會你可以回去看看，不過在這節關於食物的英語課上，我會講講準備食物的不同方法。我會談談你在哪裡準備食物。我會講一下食物的味道，我會講一下烹飪食物或準備食物的不同方法。所以，再次歡迎大家來上這堂關於食物的英語課。我想你們會喜歡的。製作或準備。

程度副詞

When you talk about food, um you don't, well, if it's an apple, you can just eat it. You don't have to do anything to the apple but sometimes you need to make food or you need to prepare food. This coming weekend is Thanksgiving in

當你談論食物時，嗯，你不會，好吧，如果是一個蘋果，你可以直接吃掉它。你不必對蘋果做任何事情，但有時你需要製作食物或準備食物。這個週末是美國的感恩節

Canada. It's a holiday and so people will be going to other people's houses to celebrate and to eat food. That's what most people do when you celebrate. So, some people might need to make food or they might need to prepare food. We use both words interchangeably. If people were coming to my house, I would say, oh, I need to make food because my brothers and sisters are coming over. I need to prepare food.

加拿大。這是一個節日，所以人們會去別人家慶祝，吃東西。大多數人在慶祝時都會這樣做。是以，有些人可能需要製作食物或準備食物。我們可以交替使用這兩個詞。如果有人來我家，我會說，哦，我需要做食物，因為我的兄弟姐妹要來。我需要準備食物。

Now, I didn't add this to the lesson but you can also order food. Maybe instead of making food, you just order food from a restaurant so that you don't have to make it but when you eat, like if you want a sandwich, you have to make a sandwich. You have to prepare a sandwich before you can eat it.

現在，我沒有把這一點加到課程中，但你也可以訂購食物。也許你不需要製作食物，你只需要從餐館訂餐，這樣你就不需要製作食物，但是當你吃的時候，比如你想要一個三明治，你就必須製作一個三明治。你必須先準備好三明治，然後才能吃。

And you do this in one of two places. You can do it in a kitchen or a kitchenette. This might be a new word for you.

你可以在兩個地方之一完成這項工作。你可以在廚房或小廚房裡做。這對你來說可能是個新詞。

I'll explain it in a moment. A kitchen is the room in the house where you prepare food or make food. It's also the room in the house where you store food. You put food in your cupboards. You put food in your refrigerator. You put food in your freezer. This is where you keep food and make or prepare food and then also clean up after you have um eaten. You have to do the dishes or wash the dishes. A kitchenette is a small kitchen. Usually found in maybe an apartment or most often in a hotel room. When you stay in a hotel room, it might have a kitchenette. A kitchenette usually doesn't have a big stove or oven. It usually has a little microwave, a sink, and then a little tiny fridge. If you look and see the black thing under the counter, that is a small refrigerator and then usually a coffee maker. Um I don't see a kettle but most of the time, a kitchenette will have a kettle as well. So, a kitchen found in a house or apartment, a large-ish room where you can make or prepare food and keep all your food and then a kitchenette, a smaller area. When Jen and I travel, if we stay in a hotel, we try to get a hotel with a kitchenette so we can prepare our own food to uh save a little bit of money. Ingredients. So, when you want to make something, you need ingredients. If I want to make bread, the ingredients I need are flour, water, salt, butter, or oil, and yeast. I think those are the ingredients for making bread. Sometimes when you make things, it's far more complex. Uh you need to have uh ten or eleven ingredients in order to make it. I'm not sure what this person is making but it looks like they have all of their ingredients um cut up and ready to go. So uh I think they're gonna make maybe a little stir fry or something like that. I'm not sure but ingredients are the individual food items you need that you can combine to make something yummy. And you do that using a recipe. Now, maybe the recipe is in your head. Maybe when you make pancakes or when you make a meal for your family, you don't follow a recipe like this one. You in your head know, cook this for this long, mix this in, um dice this a certain way. You need two cups of this. Um but a recipe would be written instructions or instructions you have memorized on how to prepare a certain food item. The recipe for bread is to mix all the ingredients and to knead the dough, let the dough rise, knead the dough again, let it rise, and then bake it in the oven. But a recipe would be written instructions for how to make something. I'm always looking for new recipes. I like trying new food and it's fun to follow a new recipe and make something new or prepare something new. And usually you will find recipes in a recipe book. Sometimes people will have recipes on little cards like a recipe card. It's a small piece of paper about this size. But most of the recipes that Jen and I use are in recipe books. Sometimes we'll buy a new recipe book and we'll try making different types of food using that recipe book. Um we don't have one called our family recipes. My, yeah, you know, if my sister gave me recipes, they would be amazing but I don't have a lot to say about the rest of my family. Actually, my older brother might have some good recipes as well. He's a pretty good cook.

我稍後再解釋。廚房是家裡準備食物或製作食物的房間。廚房也是家裡儲存食物的地方。你把食物放在櫥櫃裡。把食物放進冰箱。冰箱裡放食物。這是您存放食物、製作或準備食物的地方，也是您吃完飯後打掃衛生的地方。你必須洗碗或洗盤子。小廚房是一個小廚房。通常是在公寓或酒店客房裡。當您住在酒店客房時，房間裡可能會有一個小廚房。小廚房通常沒有大爐灶或烤箱。通常只有一個小微波爐、一個水槽和一個小冰箱。如果你看到檯面下的黑色東西，那就是一個小冰箱，然後通常還有一個咖啡機。嗯，我沒看到水壺，但大多數情況下，小廚房裡也會有水壺。所以，

So, let's talk a little bit about that. When you have food and you heat the food, we usually use the verb to cook.

那麼，讓我們來談談這個問題。當你有食物並加熱食物時，我們通常會使用 "烹飪 "這個動詞。

So, you cook food. Um and this is kind of a general term. If people are coming over, I need to cook some food, okay? I need to put it in a pan. Um I'll talk about the different ways that you can cook or prepare food but generally, cook refers to using heat to prepare the food so that it is edible so that it is yummy and tasty. So, this person has decided to cook some sort of pasta dish. Um that is the verb, the general term that we use when talking about cooking or preparing food with heat. So, over a fire or on the oven or in the oven or on the stove or even on a barbecue, you can cook some food. And then, after you do this, the food is cooked and this is an interesting word as well because sometimes you'll say, oh, I don't think this food is completely cooked. If you don't cook food long enough, it can be undercooked.

所以，你要烹飪食物。嗯，這是一種通用術語。如果有人要過來，我需要做飯，好嗎？我需要把它放在鍋裡。嗯，我會說說烹飪或準備食物的不同方法，但一般來說，烹飪指的是用熱來準備食物，這樣食物就可以吃了，就美味可口了。所以，這個人決定做一道意大利麵。嗯，這是動詞，是我們在談論用熱烹飪或準備食物時使用的一般術語。是以，在火上、烤箱裡、爐子上、甚至燒烤架上，你都可以烹飪一些食物。做完這些後，食物就熟了，這也是一個有趣的詞，因為有時你會說，哦，我覺得這食物還沒完全熟。如果烹飪的時間不夠長，食物就可能煮不熟。

So, when you cook food, when you're done, the food is cooked. So, you could say this, oh, I cooked a lot of food. You know, the the more I say this word, the funnier it sounds to be. I cooked a lot of food because uh I have a lot of people coming over to eat today. And this is the opposite of raw. Some food you eat raw. When you eat something raw, it means that it is not cooked at all. We eat bananas, raw, carrots, a lot of vegetables you can eat raw. You don't eat meat raw. Although you can eat some seafood raw. But usually when we talk about raw food, we talk about food that you can eat without cooking or food that is uncooked. Okay, let me explain that a bit. These are raw vegetables. You can eat these. You can also have raw meat which means it has not been cooked and needs to be cooked, okay? So, you can eat raw vegetables but you should definitely cook raw meat before you eat it. Yummy. By the way, in this picture, my most favorite item would be the peppers. I like peppers. Green peppers are yummy. Uh I enjoy eating them. Okay, a couple of different ways you can use heat to prepare food. So, you can cook food, the general term. You can also bake food.

所以，當你烹飪食物時，當你完成烹飪時，食物就已經熟了。所以，你可以這樣說：哦，我煮了很多食物。你知道，這個詞我說得越多，聽起來就越有趣。我做了很多菜，因為今天有很多人過來吃飯。這和 "生 "正好相反有些食物是生吃的當你生吃東西時，就意味著它根本沒煮熟。我們生吃香蕉、胡蘿蔔，很多蔬菜都可以生吃。肉類不能生吃。雖然你可以生吃一些海鮮。但通常我們說的生食，指的是不經烹飪就可以吃的食物，或者未經烹飪的食物。好吧，我來解釋一下。這些是生蔬菜。你可以吃這些。你也可以吃生肉，這意味著它沒有煮熟，需要煮熟，明白嗎？所以，

So, when I think about baking, I usually think about cookies, muffins, bread. Those are the kinds of things we bake. You follow a recipe. You, like I said with bread, you do everything you need to do and then you bake it in an oven. So, generally, when you bake something, I think it's usually something made with flour. Um you could do a casserole as well but when I think of baking like I think last night, one of my kids baked some cookies. Um this weekend, I might bake some bread. Um when I think about pizza though, I would probably use cook. I'm going to cook a pizza in the oven. You might say bake but generally, I think of this kind of food when I about bake. Fry, deep fry, air fry. Let's back up to fry. When you fry something, the first thing I think of is an egg and

是以，當我想到烘焙時，我通常會想到餅乾、鬆餅和麵包。這些都是我們烘焙的食物。你按照食譜做。就像我說的麵包一樣，你把該做的都做了，然後放進烤箱烘烤。所以，一般來說，當你烤東西的時候，我想通常都是用麵粉做的。你也可以做砂鍋菜，但當我想到烘焙時，我想昨晚，我的一個孩子烤了一些餅乾。這個週末，我可能會烤一些麵包。嗯，當我想到披薩時，我可能會用烹飪。我要用烤箱烤一個披薩。你可能會說 "烤"，但一般來說，一提到 "烤"，我就會想到這類食物。煎、炸、氣炸。讓我們回到煎。當你煎東西的時候，我首先想到的是煎蛋和煎餅。

I think of a frying pan. So, a frying pan is a very low pan and generally, we fry things like this. Like, you might fry an egg for breakfast. You might fry some bacon. Uh you might fry a grilled cheese sandwich even though it has the word grill in it. But generally, anytime you use this type of pan, we almost always use the verb fry. So, um I haven't eaten yet today. I actually ate way too much food last night.

我想到了煎鍋。所以，煎鍋是一個很低的平底鍋，一般來說，我們會這樣煎東西。比如，早餐可以煎雞蛋。你可能會煎一些培根。你可能會煎一個烤奶酪三明治，儘管裡面有 "烤 "這個字。但一般來說，只要用到這種平底鍋，我們幾乎都會用到 "煎 "這個動詞。所以，我今天還沒吃飯。實際上，我昨晚吃得太多了。

So, I'm not even hungry but if I was to eat um later, I would probably fry an egg. There's something also uh called to deep fry. When you deep fry something, you have hot oil and you put the food in the oil in order to cook it in order to prepare it. Um when I think about deep frying, I think of things like french fries. French fries are made from potatoes and then you deep fry them in oil in order to cook them. It makes food very very crispy. You can also deep fry fish. I think these might be chicken wings. So, um last night, I actually had some chicken wings at a restaurant.

所以，我根本不餓，但如果我等會兒要吃，我可能會煎一個雞蛋。有一種東西也叫油炸。當你炸東西的時候，你有熱油，你把食物放進油裡，為了烹飪它，為了準備它。說到油炸，我就會想到炸薯條。炸薯條是用洋芋做的，然後在油裡炸熟。它能讓食物變得非常非常酥脆。你還可以炸魚。我想這些可能是雞翅昨晚，我在一家餐館吃了雞翅

They were very very yummy but they would be deep fried.

它們非常非常美味，但要經過油炸。

Basically, really really hot oil, 350 degrees Fahrenheit or 400 degrees Fahrenheit and you put the food in it and it cooks and it cooks the food very very quickly and there's something called to air fry. Now, you can buy an air fryer and you can air fry your food. It's supposed to be healthier than deep frying your food. We don't have an air fryer but people we know who have air fryers say they are amazing. It allows you to cook meat or even french fries and other things so that it tastes like you deep fried it but not but without all of the oil that comes with it. So, maybe someday, the biggest problem with an air fryer is they're not very big and we still prepare food. We make food for a lot of people. As you know, I have five kids. I still have two living at home right now and so we have to prepare rather large meals. You can also barbecue or grill. This is very common in Canada in the spring and the summer and fall. It's less common in the winter but there are people who will barbecue in the winter. They don't mind standing outside wearing a winter coat and a winter hat and cooking food on a barbecue. So, by the way, you could call this a barbecue. This type you could also call a grill and it also works as the verb. I'm going to barbecue some hamburgers. I'm going to grill some hamburgers. I'm going to barbecue some hot dogs. I'm going to grill some hot dogs. When I visited Brent last summer, we went to his brother's place and his brother barbecued some food for us and it was very very yummy. Roast. So, when you cook meat in an oven, we usually use the word roast and this piece of meat here is actually called a roast as well. So, don't get too confused but I could buy a piece of meat and I could roast it in the oven. So, I'm going to put it on a pan or in a pan depending on how you like to do it and then you put it in the oven at a certain temperature and then you roast it. So, yes and this that is actually also called a roast. Roast beef. You can boil food. So, when I think about boiling food, you can boil eggs, you can boil noodles, you can boil rice.

基本上，非常非常熱的油，350 華氏度或 400 華氏度，你把食物放進去，它就會烹飪，而且會非常快地烹飪食物。現在，你可以買一個空氣炸鍋，用它來炸食物。它應該比油炸食物更健康。我們沒有空氣炸鍋，但我們認識的有空氣炸鍋的人都說空氣炸鍋非常棒。它可以讓你烹飪肉類，甚至炸薯條和其他東西，吃起來就像油炸過的一樣，但又不像油炸過的那樣，而且沒有油。所以，也許有一天，空氣炸鍋最大的問題是它們不是很大，而我們還在準備食物。我們為很多人做飯。大家都知道，我有五個孩子。我現在還有兩個孩子住在家裡，所以我們必須準備比較豐盛的

Anytime you put food into water that is boiling in order to cook it, we use the word boil. So, when water gets to 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit, I think it starts to bubble and steam comes off it. By the way, it depends where you are. I think at sea level, water boils at 100 degrees.

任何時候把食物放入沸騰的水中烹飪，我們都會用到 "煮 "這個字。是以，當水的溫度達到攝氏 100 度或華氏 212 度時，我認為它就會開始冒泡，並冒出蒸汽。順便說一下，這取決於你在哪裡。我認為在海平面上，水在 100 度時就會沸騰。

Again, this is not a science lesson but I do know about boiling food. So, you heat water up in a pan when it starts to boil or even before but when it starts to boil, maybe you put in noodles or you put in rice or however you cook things and then you boil it for a certain amount of time and it will be cooked and ready to eat. We mostly boil noodles and sometimes we boil eggs. Those are the two things that we boil the most often. You can also steam food. Jen and I haven't done this for a while but we used to steam broccoli or we would steam rice. These are yummy looking dumplings. You can steam them as well. This means you are cooking the food with steam. So, when water boils, steam rises from the water as it boils and that steam is very very hot and you can use that steam to cook things. So, you basically have a pan of boiling water and then you might have another little pan that goes in the top of that pan and the steam comes through and cooks things. Steamed broccoli is quite yummy. Actually, steamed vegetables are really good. We should find our steamer. We have a we have a little rice cooker food steamer. We should find that somewhere because that is a yummy yummy way to cook food. And then of course, sometimes you cook food for too long and then food is burnt. So, this toast is burnt. It was in the toaster for too long and so it started to turn black. So, this is a burnt piece of toast.

再說一遍，這不是一堂科學課，但我確實知道如何煮食物。所以，當鍋裡的水開始沸騰時，甚至在沸騰之前，你都要把它加熱，也許你會放入麵條或米飯，或者不管你怎麼煮東西，然後煮上一定的時間，它就會熟了，可以吃了。我們主要煮麵條，有時也煮雞蛋。這是我們最常煮的兩樣東西。你也可以蒸食物。珍和我有一段時間沒蒸了，但我們以前會蒸西蘭花或蒸米飯。這些餃子看起來很好吃。您也可以蒸餃子。這意味著你用蒸汽烹飪食物。是以，當水沸騰時，蒸汽會從水中升起，蒸汽非常熱，你可以用蒸汽來烹飪食物。是以，你基本上是用一鍋沸水，然後在鍋的頂部放上另

We also sometimes have food that's overdone or overcooked.

我們有時也會吃到煮過頭或煮不熟的食物。

I'm not going to say who but as a child, when I had cooked vegetables, they were often, the person making them often overcooked them. I like my green beans. Usually, we boil beans. That's another thing we boil. I usually boil them for two or three minutes and they're still quite bright green and a little bit crunchy. These beans in my opinion are a little bit overdone. They're a little bit overcooked. Whoever made these beans cook them for too long in my opinion. Some people like their beans to be a pale green like that but not me. I like things to be cooked just right and I don't think I have a slide for this but you can also have food that's undercooked. So, overcooked means you cooked it for too long. Undercooked means you didn't cook it long enough. So, you might say, oh, this pasta is isn't soft. It's undercooked or this boiled egg is isn't fully cooked inside. It's undercooked. Okay, let's talk briefly about the types of meals. In the morning, you eat breakfast. Around the middle of the day, you eat lunch. At night, you have either supper or dinner depending on what part of the English speaking world you live in. We use both words. Like, what time do you wanna have supper? What time do you wanna have dinner? And then you can also have a snack and a pick me up. So, let's go back to the beginning. Breakfast is the food you eat in the morning.

我不想說是誰，但小時候，當我吃到煮熟的蔬菜時，它們往往是，做菜的人往往把它們煮得太熟了。我喜歡吃青豆通常，我們煮豆子。那是我們煮的另一樣東西。我通常煮兩三分鐘，豆子還是翠綠的，有點脆。在我看來，這些豆子有點煮過頭了。有點煮過頭了在我看來，做這些豆子的人煮得太久了。有些人喜歡豆子呈淡綠色，但我不喜歡。我喜歡煮得恰到好處，我不認為我的幻燈片有這個功能，但你也可以吃沒煮熟的食物。所以，煮得過熟意味著你煮得太久了。煮得不熟意味著煮的時間不夠長。所以，你可能會說，哦，這個意大利麵不軟。它沒煮熟，或者這個煮雞蛋裡面沒

It's actually a combination of two words, break and fast. A fast is when you don't eat food for a certain amount of time. Some people fast because they would like to lose weight.

它實際上是兩個詞的組合：休息和禁食。斷食是指在一定時間內不吃食物。有些人禁食是因為他們想減肥。

Some people fast for religious reasons. Maybe you fast for a day or two for religious reasons and then breakfast is actually two words, break fast to break your fast. So, basically, you don't eat at night because you're sleeping.

有些人禁食是出於宗教原因。也許你會因為宗教原因禁食一兩天，然後早餐實際上是兩個詞，斷食和開齋。所以，基本上，你晚上不吃東西，因為你在睡覺。

So, it's kind of a fasting state. You're you're the opposite of eating is fasting. And so, when you get up in the morning, you have breakfast in order to stop that. So, that's where that word came from. Typical breakfast in Canada would include eggs, maybe bacon, toast, bagels. We don't besides bacon, maybe sausage. Like, meat's not a super popular food for breakfast but also people will go through a drive-through. So, they might get a coffee. They might eat a donut for breakfast although that's considered unhealthy and people try to avoid that. Um probably the most common fast food at breakfast from a restaurant would be a breakfast sandwich. So, an egg with bacon and cheese, maybe on a biscuit or on an English muffin. I don't wanna go into too many details. For me, a typical breakfast might be some oatmeal, maybe some cereal, an egg, maybe some toast. Although lately, I don't eat breakfast as often as I used to. Lunch.

所以，這是一種禁食狀態。與進食相反的是禁食。是以，當你早上起床時，你要吃早餐來停止這種狀態。這就是這個詞的由來。加拿大的典型早餐包括雞蛋、燻肉、烤麵包和百吉餅。除了培根，我們沒有香腸。肉類並不是早餐中超級受歡迎的食物，但人們也會通過汽車直通車。所以，他們可能會喝杯咖啡。他們可能會在早餐時吃一個甜甜圈，儘管這被認為是不健康的，人們會盡量避免。最常見的餐廳早餐快餐可能是早餐三明治。是以，一個雞蛋加培根和奶酪，可能放在餅乾或英式鬆餅上。我不想說太多細節。對我來說，典型的早餐可能是燕麥片、麥片、雞蛋或吐司。不過最

Lunch is the meal that you eat in the middle of the day. You might pack a lunch in the morning and take it to school or work with you or you might buy lunch. You might go out for lunch with some colleagues. A colleague might say, hey, you wanna go for lunch at 1230? And you'll say, sure. By the way, you can go out for lunch or go for lunch. Here in Canada,

午餐是一天中的正餐。您可能會在早上打包午餐，然後帶去學校或公司，也可能會購買午餐。你可能會和同事一起出去吃午餐。同事可能會說，嘿，你想在 12 點半去吃午飯嗎？你會說，好啊。順便說一句，你可以出去吃午飯，也可以去吃午飯。在加拿大

Lunch often consists of sandwiches. Um people will get bread and they will put um you know lettuce or tomato. If they eat meat, they might put some sort of meat on the bread. They might have peanut butter. They might have jam um but uh sandwiches are still a fairly common item to eat for lunch.

午餐通常是三明治。人們會拿麵包，然後放上生菜或番茄。如果他們吃肉，可能會在麵包上放一些肉。他們可能會放花生醬。可能會有果醬，但三明治仍然是午餐中相當常見的食物。

Something that's made with bread and something that uh you can eat quickly and on the go and it's easy to take with you as well. And then supper or dinner. So this is probably one of the bigger meals of the day. This is the meal that might take the longest to prepare. In Canada, people eat a variety of foods for supper or for dinner. They might eat something where they have meat, potatoes. If they're vegetarian, they might have beans. Uh they might have hummus. They might have pizza. They might have hamburgers.

用麵包做的東西，你可以很快吃完，也可以隨身攜帶。然後是晚餐這可能是一天中最重要的一餐。這可能是準備時間最長的一餐。在加拿大，人們在晚餐時會吃各種各樣的食物。他們可能會吃肉和洋芋。如果他們是素食主義者，可能會吃豆子。他們可能會吃鷹嘴豆泥。他們可能會吃披薩他們可能會吃漢堡包。

They might have, I can't think of, they might have soup. They might have stew. They might have fresh bread with um cheese.

他們可能有，我想不起來了，他們可能有湯。可能有燉菜可能會有新鮮麵包和奶酪

There's just a variety of things that people eat for dinner and a common question would be, what would you like for dinner? That's something you hear quite often. Uh even at work, someone might say, what do you, what are you having for dinner tonight? I need some ideas for what I want to make and the other person might say, oh, we're having spaghetti or we're having lasagna uh or we're having soup because it's getting colder here. So, soup will become much more common and then a snack. A snack is just something you eat between meals. So, if there are three meals in the day, if that's how you like to eat breakfast, lunch, and supper, maybe in the middle of the morning, you get a little bit hungry. So, you have a snack, maybe a cookie, maybe a granola bar, maybe a banana, maybe an apple, you might have a healthy snack but a snack is just a little bit of food in the middle of the day because you're feeling a little bit hungry. Um it might be coffee time at work. Some people have a coffee break in the morning and so they might have a cup of tea or a cup of coffee and a little snack and then there's also something called a pick me up which is it's a snack that you eat when you need some energy. Yesterday, Jen and I uh were selling flowers at market and we worked for about three hours without eating and we didn't have time to stop for supper but we needed a little pick me up. Uh so I I went and bought a couple empanadas and we ate them. So, it wasn't like a full meal but it was something that just um helped us to feel get a little bit of food in our stomachs. Groceries. This is a general term for the food that you buy and even uh to the point where we call the store where you buy groceries, a grocery store. So, I regularly go to the grocery store. We sometimes call it a supermarket. I go there to buy groceries. So, when you go to a clothing store, you go to buy clothes. When you need food, you go buy groceries. You go to a grocery store or supermarket. Um our grocery stores have almost everything in Canada. There's a produce section where they have fruit and vegetables. There's a bakery usually in the grocery store. There's canned food, food in boxes. There's milk. There's frozen food. Everything you want for um eating is found in a grocery store um and pretty I was gonna say pretty reasonably priced although food has gotten quite expensive here in Canada recently in the last year or two. Someone who loves food is called a foodie.

人們晚餐吃的東西多種多樣，一個常見的問題是，你晚餐想吃什麼？這是你經常聽到的問題。甚至在工作中，有人會問，你今晚吃什麼？我需要一些我想做的菜的想法，而對方可能會說，哦，我們要吃意大利麵條，或者我們要吃千層麵，呃，或者我們要喝湯，因為這裡越來越冷了。所以，湯會變得更常見，然後是點心。點心就是兩餐之間吃的東西。所以，如果一天有三頓飯，如果你喜歡吃早飯、午飯和晚飯，也許在上午中間，你會有點餓。所以，你會吃點零食，也許是餅乾，也許是燕麥棒，也許是香蕉，也許是蘋果，你可能會吃一些健康的零食，但零食只是在一天的中間吃

I think we talked about this word in a previous lesson. If you know someone who loves to cook and is really good at it and they love to go out to eat and they're always talking about food, we might call that person a foodie. Someone who really really enjoys eating food, talking about food, watching videos about food, making food, um definitely talking about food would be a big one and then of course when you are done eating, you have to do the dishes or wash the dishes. You can use either term. You might do the dishes by hand in the sink. You might wash the dishes by hand. You might put the dishes in the dishwasher which we still might use the phrase do the dishes but we might just say we need to clean up and put the dishes in the dishwasher. When I think of doing the dishes, I actually think about scrubbing and rinsing and drying the dishes. If food is sour, it's like when you eat a lemon. Lemons are sour. It makes you make a face like that. It's a little different than bitter. Bitter means like cabbage is kind of bitter. Um so if a lemon is sour, cabbage is bitter. Some raw vegetables are a little bit bitter. Um I would say sour and bitter are are closely related but if you think about it, I would say a lemon is sour, cabbage is bitter. Sometimes if you harvest vegetables too early, they will be bitter which means they don't have as much natural sugar in them as they normally would. And then of course, we have sweet which means something has a lot of sugar in it. Um I like candies. I like brownies. This is a brownie. Uh we would call that. I like cookies. Those are all things that are very sweet. As I mentioned last night, one of my kids made cookies, chocolate chip cookies. They used white sugar, brown sugar, chocolate chips. It's a very sweet thing to eat. And then of course, there are things that are salty. So, chips, pretzels, popcorn, all of these have salt put on them and or have a lot of salt in them and so they are very very salty. In Canada, we use the word spicy and hot and spicy can mean two different things and hot can mean two different things. If I say something is spicy, I might mean that it has a lot of pepper in it and it's actually like burns my mouth. When I say something is hot, it can mean it has a lot of peppers and stuff in it or it can simply mean the food has been cooked and it's steaming because it's hot but uh I'm not someone who eats a lot of spicy or hot food. There are a lot of foods from other countries like

我想我們在上一課中討論過這個詞。如果你認識一個人，他喜歡做飯，而且非常擅長做飯，他們喜歡出去吃飯，總是談論美食，我們可以稱他為美食家。一個非常非常喜歡吃美食、談論美食、觀看美食視頻、製作美食的人，嗯，肯定會是一個談論美食的人。這兩種說法都可以。你可以在水槽裡用手洗碗。你可以用手洗碗。你可以把碗碟放進洗碗機，我們仍然可以用洗碗這個詞，但我們可能會說我們需要清理一下，然後把碗碟放進洗碗機。當我想到洗碗時，我實際上想到的是擦洗、沖洗和晾乾碗碟。如果食物是酸的，就像你吃檸檬一樣。檸檬是酸的。它會讓你做出那樣的表情

Indian food can be described as very spicy and it can be hot when you order Indian food, they might ask you if you want it uh extra spicy or like uh North American spicy. So, it's not as spicy but uh certainly uh spicy food. Yeah, like I like you can get hot wings like chicken wings that are hot. I don't mind those but II eat less hot food as I get older.

印度菜可以說是非常辣，當你點印度菜時，他們可能會問你要不要特別辣的，或者像北美辣的。所以，雖然沒有那麼辣，但肯定是很辣的食物。是的，我喜歡吃辣雞翅。我不介意這些，但隨著年齡的增長，我吃的辣味食物越來越少了。

Hopefully, I explained that well enough. We have vegetables and fruits. So, vegetables are anything that is green or red or leafy. It's usually something that's grown uh on a plant or maybe like carrots are in the ground. Uh vegetables are very very healthy and they like you can eat as many vegetables as you want in a day and you will not get fat.

希望我解釋得夠清楚。我們有蔬菜和水果。蔬菜是指任何綠色、紅色或帶葉子的東西。它通常長在植物上，或者像胡蘿蔔一樣長在地裡。蔬菜非常非常健康，你可以一天吃很多蔬菜，而且不會發胖。

Okay. Maybe that's not totally true but definitely if you eat nine or ten vegetables a day and not very much bread or meat you will be nice and uh healthy I think. Uh fruits are of course things that grow on trees usually although some things like strawberries are fruits and they grow on plants but things like apples, bananas, oranges, uh limes, lemons, grapes, all of these things that are actually a little more sweet as well. Fruits tend to be sweeter than vegetables and some people have questions about the word fruit and the plural fruits. So, I was thinking about this.

好吧也許這不完全正確，但如果你每天吃九到十種蔬菜，不吃太多面包或肉，我想你一定會很健康。當然，水果通常是指長在樹上的東西，雖然有些東西如草莓也是水果，它們長在植物上，但像蘋果、香蕉、橘子、酸橙子、檸檬、葡萄，所有這些東西實際上都更甜一些。水果往往比蔬菜更甜，有些人對水果這個詞和複數fruits有疑問。所以，我在想這個問題。

When I go to the grocery store, there's a fruit and vegetable section. You can buy fruits and vegetables there. You can buy fruit and vegetables there. The word fruit, I tend to put an S on it sometimes and not others and I don't fully understand why. Like the doctor said, I need to eat my fruits and vegetables. So, there I would put it in the plural but when I talked about the grocery store earlier, I said there's a fruit and vegetables section or a fruit and vegetable section. So, little tricky. I'm not explaining it well but you have some freedom there. No one's gonna look at you funny if you don't pluralize fruit correctly in a in a sentence I don't think. You have grains. So, this would be anything made from wheat or rye or even rice or let me think of another grain.

我去雜貨店的時候，那裡有一個水果蔬菜區。你可以在那裡買水果和蔬菜。你可以在那裡買水果和蔬菜。水果這個詞，我有時會在上面加一個 "S"，有時不加，我也不完全明白為什麼。就像醫生說的，我需要吃水果和蔬菜。所以，我會把它放在複數裡，但我之前說到雜貨店時，我說有水果蔬菜區或水果蔬菜區。所以，有點麻煩。我解釋得不好，但你有一些自由。如果你沒有在句子中正確地複數水果，我想沒有人會看你笑話。你有穀物。是以，這將是任何由小麥或黑麥 甚至大米制成的東西 或者讓我想想其他穀物

Barley, oats, all of those things are considered grains usually used to make things like bread or even different cereals. So, I don't eat as many grains as I used to. I the doctor told me I was eating too many carbohydrates and not enough protein. So, I eat a little less a little less grains. I gotta stop eating the cookies though. Lentils. So, lentils are kind of a new food to me. It's something that you can boil and they soften up and you can make really yummy dips with lentils. You can put lentils in your soup. They are I think what's called a pulse crop. Very popular in other parts of the world. Starting to become popular here in Canada and they're also relatively cheap. Like a big bag of red lentils is quite cheap. By the way, there's different kinds like red and green. I think there's even yellow. And then rice. I think one of the most common foods in the world. I think rice is probably eaten in every country of the world. I'm just guessing. Again, this is not a geography or science lesson. We eat rice a couple times a month. Um usually we eat white rice but we sometimes eat brown rice. Rice is something that you either cook uh by boiling or steaming and it's very very tasty. It's very tasty to eat rice with other foods. So, quite yummy. Then you have your meats. So, this could be anything from chicken to pork to beef uh to seafood. So, here we have I think this is salmon. Um so meat is of course food that comes from an animal and you have people in the world that will eat meat and you have people in the world that have decided to not eat meat. They are either vegetarian or vegan. Um I am someone who does eat meat um and I know I do have respect for people who don't.

大麥、燕麥，所有這些東西都被認為是穀物，通常用來製作麵包或各種穀物食品。所以，我不像以前那樣吃那麼多穀物了。醫生說我碳水化合物吃得太多，蛋白質吃得不夠。所以，我就少吃一點穀物。不過我得停止吃餅乾了。小扁豆小扁豆對我來說是一種新的食物。它是一種可以煮熟的食物，煮熟後會變軟，你可以用扁豆做非常美味的蘸醬。你可以把扁豆放進湯裡。我認為扁豆是一種所謂的 "脈衝作物"。在世界其他地方非常受歡迎。在加拿大也開始流行起來，而且價格相對便宜。比如一大包紅扁豆就很便宜。順便說一句，扁豆有紅扁豆和綠扁豆之分。我想甚至還有黃色

Some people have decided not to but meat would be food that comes from animals generally that are raised on farms. So you will have beef, pork, chicken, um and or uh meat can come from fish as well. So, you might have salmon or tuna.

有些人決定不吃肉，但肉類食品一般來自農場飼養的動物。是以，你會吃到牛肉、豬肉、雞肉，嗯，或者嗯，肉類也可以來自魚類。是以，你可能會吃到三文魚或金槍魚。

Uh there's a lot of different kinds of fish in the world. And then dairy. So, dairy is anything that's made from milk or that is milk. Okay, if I go to the dairy section in my grocery store, they will have uh cow's milk, sheep milk, goat's milk. Uh they will have butter. They will have cheese.

世界上有很多不同種類的魚。然後是奶製品所以，奶製品是指任何由牛奶或牛奶製成的東西。好吧，如果我去雜貨店的奶製品區 他們會有牛奶、綿羊奶、山羊奶有黃油還有奶酪

Cheese made from cow milk or sheep's milk or goat milk.

用牛奶、綿羊奶或山羊奶製成的奶酪。

Um there's a wide variety of things you can buy in the dairy section of the grocery store and it's usually all kept in a refrigerator. Um dairy uh goes bad easily. So, basically anything either milk or things that are made from milk. Cream as well. Canadians buy a lot of cream to put in their coffee.

在雜貨店的奶製品區可以買到各種各樣的奶製品，而且通常都放在冰箱裡。奶製品很容易變質所以，基本上任何東西，無論是牛奶還是牛奶做的東西。奶油也是。加拿大人買很多奶油放進咖啡裡。

Then there is of course junk food. We use the term junk food to talk about any food that isn't good for you and usually food that you can eat without having to cook or prepare it.

當然還有垃圾食品。我們用 "垃圾食品 "這個詞來形容任何對人體無益的食物，通常是指無需烹飪或準備就能食用的食物。

So, chips, these might be called crisps depending on what kind of English you are learning. Chocolate bars, candies, all of the things that you can buy. We also say that are ready to eat. So, you just open the package and eat it.

是以，薯片，這些東西可能被稱為脆片，這取決於你學的是哪種英語。巧克力棒、糖果，所有你能買到的東西。我們還說這些都是即食食品。所以，你只要打開包裝就可以吃了。

Um and usually food that isn't good for you. It's usually high in sugar. It usually has a lot of fat in it or oil. It's just not healthy or good for you. Then we have kind of the complete opposite. We have organic food. Organic food is food that is grown without using any pesticides or herbicides or chemical fertilizers. So, let me explain that. You can grow a tomato and you can put chemical fertilizer and you can spray the tomato plant to kill the insects and you can spray the soil to kill the weeds. In that situation, the tomato is not organic. Or you can grow a tomato using basically pulling weeds with your hands. Um covering it with a net so insects can't get at it. Um and then maybe using some sort of organic uh supplement instead of fertilizer. So, organic food. Supposed to be healthier for you. Although it depends on what studies you look at. My view is this. If you want organic food, grow a garden. You get organic food. It's healthier in a lot of ways. You get some sunshine, you get time outside, a little bit of exercise, and you get free food. Well, you gotta buy the seed. Health food is a term we use to talk about food that is healthy for you. So, usually when you say, I'm going to eat mostly health food, you're going to eat a lot of vegetables. You're gonna eat a lot of fruit. Uh you're going to eat healthier meats like maybe seafood which has less fat in it. Basically, food that is good for you. And then we have fast food which is food that you buy from a restaurant and generally food that is prepared very quickly or is already ready for you when you get there. So, things like hot dogs and french fries and hamburgers and pizza in North

嗯，而且通常是對身體不好的食物。通常含糖量很高通常含有大量脂肪或油。對身體不好然後，我們有種 完全相反。我們有有機食品。有機食品是不使用任何殺蟲劑、除草劑或化肥的食品。讓我來解釋一下。你可以種一個西紅柿，你可以施化肥，你可以給西紅柿噴藥殺蟲，你可以給土壤噴藥除草。在這種情況下，番茄就不是有機的。或者，你也可以用手拔草來種植番茄。嗯，用網把它罩起來，這樣昆蟲就抓不到它了。然後用某種有機肥料代替化肥。有機食品據說對你更健康雖然這取決於你看了哪些研究我的觀點是如果你想吃有機食品 就種個花園就能吃到有機食品它在很

America, in Canada, we would call that fast food. At lunch,

美國，在加拿大，我們稱之為快餐。吃午飯的時候

 I can go to town and I can go through a drive-thru and get a hamburger in less than five minutes. We call that fast food. I can go to the pizza shop and get a slice of pizza and they'll have it ready for me in two minutes. They have them all cooked and in a big like warming rack. I can get a slice of pizza. Uh if I want shawarma, I can go. There's not one in our town but there there are a lot more uh of those types of restaurants around. Really fast. They slice the meat off. They put it in a pita or another um uh flatbread um really yummy but fast food. Fast, convenient but not necessarily healthy.

我可以去鎮上，在五分鐘內就能買到一個漢堡包。我們稱之為快餐。我可以去披薩店買一塊披薩，他們會在兩分鐘內為我做好。他們把披薩都烤好了，放在一個像暖爐一樣的大架子上。我可以吃一片披薩如果我想吃沙瓦瑪，我可以去。我們鎮上沒有 但附近有很多這類餐館非常快他們把肉切片他們把肉放在皮塔餅或其他麵包裡 真的很好吃，但是快餐。快速，方便，但不一定健康。