If you don't already know, my name is Christi and this channel aims to deconstruct all of the things that we were taught to believe growing up in fundamentalist, conservative, and evangelical Christian churches.

如果你還不知道，我叫克里斯蒂，這個頻道旨在解構我們在基督教原教旨主義、保守派和福音派教會中長大時被教導要相信的所有事情。

Today, I want to talk about the story of doubting Thomas and the implications of how Jesus responded to Thomas when he wanted proof, he wanted evidence that what he was being told about the resurrection of Jesus was true.

今天，我想談談懷疑多馬的故事，以及當多馬想要證據，想要證明耶穌告訴他的關於耶穌復活的事是真的時，耶穌是如何迴應多馬的。

I think a lot of times in churches, Christians are told this story as a way to encourage their faith and discourage their doubts.

我想，在教會里，基督徒們很多時候都會聽到這個故事，以此來鼓勵他們的信心，打消他們的疑慮。

They tell us don't be like doubting Thomas.

他們告訴我們，不要像多馬那樣懷疑。

Just have faith.

只要有信心。

Just believe.

只要相信。

Don't question it.

不要質疑。

And they pose this doubting as a type of character flaw or a weakness in Thomas's faith.

他們把這種懷疑說成是多馬性格上的缺陷或信仰上的弱點。

But I'm here today to challenge this idea that Thomas's doubts were something to be discouraged.

但是，我今天在這裡是要挑戰這種觀點，即多馬的懷疑是值得氣餒的。

That Thomas having doubts was a bad thing.

托馬斯的懷疑是件壞事。

So we're gonna read through the story and at the end of this video you can decide for yourself what you think.

是以，我們將通讀這個故事，視頻結束後，你可以自己決定你的想法。

Before I jump into today's topic, I just quickly want to let you guys know that I'm really excited about my new partnership with biblical scholar Bart Ehrman to promote his courses and his upcoming virtual conference September 21st through the 22nd, New Insights into the New Testament.

在進入今天的主題之前，我想先讓你們知道，我很高興能與聖經學者巴特-埃爾曼（Bart Ehrman）建立新的合作關係，推廣他的課程和他即將於 9 月 21 日至 22 日舉行的虛擬會議--《新約聖經新視角》。

I will be attending this two-day event for those who want to go beyond what they were taught in the church and dig into the real history behind the life and letters of Paul.

我將參加這次為期兩天的活動，活動的目的是讓那些希望超越教會教導，深入瞭解保羅生平和書信背後真實歷史的人有所收穫。

Ten world-renowned scholars will be sharing groundbreaking insights that could completely change the way you see early Christianity.

十位世界知名學者將分享突破性的見解，這些見解將徹底改變您對早期基督教的看法。

So if you're interested in joining, please use the special affiliate link in my description and use code 20OFF at checkout to get $20 off your tickets.

是以，如果您有興趣加入，請使用我的描述中的特殊聯盟鏈接，並在結賬時使用代碼 20OFF 以獲得 20 美元的門票折扣。

So let's jump into the book of John and let's talk about the story of Doubting Thomas.

讓我們跳進《約翰福音》，來談談多馬設疑的故事。

We're gonna start in chapter 20 verse 19.

我們從第 20 章第 19 節開始。

This is when Jesus appears to the disciples, but Thomas is not there.

這時耶穌向門徒顯現，但多馬不在。

It says when it was the evening on the day, the first day of the week, and the doors were locked where the disciples were for the fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said, peace be with you.

耶穌來了，站在他們中間，說，願你們平安。

After he said this, he showed them his hands and his side.

說完，他向他們展示了自己的雙手和側面。

Then the disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord.

門徒們看到主後都很高興。

Jesus said that to them again, peace be with you as the Father has sent me, so I send you.

耶穌又對他們說，願你們平安，正如父差我來，我也差你們來。

So Thomas is not here at this point.

所以托馬斯現在不在這裡。

The other disciples are.

其他弟子是

Jesus shows up.

耶穌出現了

Surprise, surprise, I'm alive.

驚喜吧，驚喜吧，我還活著。

And the first thing on his agenda is to prove to the disciples that he is Jesus, that he died, he came back from the dead, and he is alive and well.

他要做的第一件事就是向門徒們證明他就是耶穌，他死了，他從死裡復活了，他活得好好的。

He's got the the holes in the hand, the wound in the side, and he shows them this so they know that what he's saying is true, that he's not some imposter or, you know, somebody's not playing tricks on them.

他手上有洞，側面有傷口，他給他們看這些，好讓他們知道他說的是真的，他不是冒牌貨，或者，你知道，不是有人在耍他們。

I have a lot of questions.

我有很多問題。

I'm a very curious person, so I can't just like stop at what the text says.

我是一個好奇心很強的人，所以我不能只停留在文字上。

I'm trying to think, okay, if Jesus is back from the dead, does he look like a corpse?

我在想，好吧，如果耶穌死而復生，他看起來像一具屍體嗎？

He's got these flesh wounds.

他身上有皮肉傷

Does that mean all of his wounds are still there?

這是否意味著他所有的傷口都還在？

Does he look like this beaten, bloody corpse of a man that is just kind of walking around like a zombie?

他看起來是不是像一具被打得血肉模糊的屍體，像殭屍一樣走來走去？

Has he fully healed in all other areas, but now he just has the holes and the wound in the side?

它的其他部位是否已經完全癒合，但現在只有洞和側面的傷口？

I'm not really sure, but this poses a lot of questions for me, but that's not what this is about today.

我不是很確定，但這給我提出了很多問題，但這不是今天要討論的內容。

This is about Jesus showing up to the disciples.

這是關於耶穌向門徒們顯現。

He proves himself to them first thing on the agenda.

他首先要向他們證明自己。

They don't even ask.

他們連問都不問。

They don't ask to see any proof.

他們不要求看到任何證據。

He just gives it to them.

他只是給了他們。

But then the story continues.

但故事還在繼續。

It says in verse 24, So this is almost like a rebuke of Thomas, doesn't it feel like that, that Jesus is rebuking Thomas for having these doubts and not believing the disciples?

第 24 節中說："這幾乎是對多馬的斥責，耶穌在斥責多馬的懷疑和不相信門徒，是不是這種感覺？

But Jesus knows that he had just showed up to the disciples.

但耶穌知道，他剛剛出現在門徒面前。

He was right there in the flesh showing them his wounds and he had no problem doing that.

他就在那裡向他們展示自己的傷口，他對此毫不介意。

But for some reason, when he gets to Thomas and Thomas wants what the disciples got, he's rebuked by Jesus.

但出於某種原因，當他去找多馬，多馬想要門徒們得到的東西時，卻遭到了耶穌的斥責。

Jesus says, And isn't this exactly what they tell us in the churches?

耶穌說，這不正是他們在教會里告訴我們的嗎？

That they have this truth, this ultimate truth.

他們擁有這個真理，這個終極真理。

They're giving it to us and we are not supposed to doubt it.

他們給了我們，我們不應該懷疑。

We are not supposed to question it.

我們不應該質疑它。

We're not supposed to seek any alternative perspectives or answers.

我們不應該尋求任何其他的觀點或答案。

This is the truth.

這就是事實。

This is reality.

這就是現實。

And you were to just put your faith in it, move forward and believe.

你只需對它充滿信心，勇往直前，堅信不疑。

To me, this just raises a really important question about what Jesus values in his followers, because it seems to me that Jesus would value ignorance and blind obedience over reason and rationality.

在我看來，這只是提出了一個非常重要的問題，即耶穌看重他的追隨者什麼，因為在我看來，耶穌看重的是無知和盲從，而不是理智和理性。

That he doesn't want people to think critically about the information that they're being presented.

他不希望人們批判性地思考所獲得的資訊。

He just wants them to believe.

他只是想讓他們相信。

And he goes on to say that he will bless those who believe without seeing.

他還說，他會祝福那些沒有看見就信的人。

And so right here we have this admission of Jesus that.

是以，耶穌在這裡承認：

It is better to believe in him without asking for evidence, without asking for proof, it is better to just put your trust and faith in him, which to me seems absolutely ridiculous that God would give you a brain.

最好是相信他，不需要證據，不需要證明，最好只是對他充滿信任和信心，在我看來，上帝給你一個大腦是絕對荒謬的。

He would give you the ability to think critically, to reason through the information you're being told.

他將賦予你批判性思維的能力，讓你對所獲資訊進行推理。

But he would want you to ignore all of these methods that we use to come to conclusions about our reality, just so you can have faith in this one thing.

但他希望你忽略所有這些我們用來對我們的現實得出結論的方法，只是為了讓你對這一件事有信心。

And this one thing is the most important thing.

而這一件事才是最重要的。

The most important thing, according to Christians, is your faith in God.

基督徒認為，最重要的是你對上帝的信仰。

And so you would think that with the most important thing in your life, that it would be very important that you sort through it, that you ask the hard questions, that you really scrutinize and analyze the information that's being given to you so that you can be certain that what you believe is true.

是以，你會認為，對於你生命中最重要的事情，你必須對其進行梳理，提出尖銳的問題，對所獲得的資訊進行仔細的檢查和分析，這樣你才能確定你所相信的是真實的。

But that's not what we're seeing here.

但我們看到的情況並非如此。

We're not seeing Jesus say, hey, good job, Thomas, asking the hard questions.

我們沒有看到耶穌說："嘿，幹得好，多馬，問了這麼難的問題。

Good job, not just believing whatever people tell you.

做得好，沒有人云亦云。

Good job wanting to see this for yourself before you believe it.

在你相信之前，想親眼目睹這一切，做得好。

Jesus doesn't say that.

耶穌可沒這麼說。

He says quite the opposite.

他說的恰恰相反。

He says blessed are the ones that that are going to believe without having to actually touch my hands and touch my side.

他說，有福氣的是那些不用實際觸摸我的手和我的身邊就會相信的人。

And so if he's blessing these people that just believe without seeing what he's really doing is blessing people who just believe what other people tell them about Jesus.

是以，如果他祝福這些只相信而不去看的人，那麼他真正在做的就是祝福那些只相信別人告訴他們的耶穌的人。

Instead of Jesus actually showing up and showing them for himself, he just wants to send a messenger out and he wants you to trust that messenger.

耶穌並沒有真正現身，向他們展示自己，他只是想派出一位信使，希望你們相信這位信使。

Now, how are you supposed to know what messengers you do and don't trust?

現在，你怎麼知道哪些信使值得信任，哪些不值得信任呢？

This is the same Jesus that warned of false prophets.

就是這位耶穌曾警告過假先知。

Be careful.

小心點

There are false prophets and false teachers that are going to come and they're going to deceive you.

有假先知和假教師會來欺騙你們。

So how are you supposed to determine that what somebody is telling you about this Jesus is true?

那麼，你該如何確定別人告訴你的關於這位耶穌的事情是真的呢？

To me, the most rational and reasonable thing you could do is to examine the claims and then do the research, figure out if it aligns with what you know about your reality, to use the brain that God gave you, if he exists, to come to reasonable and rational conclusions and to not just believe whatever somebody else tells you.

在我看來，你能做的最理性、最合理的事情就是審視這些說法，然後進行研究，弄清楚它是否與你所瞭解的現實相符，利用上帝賜予你的大腦（如果他存在的話）得出合理、理性的結論，而不是別人告訴你什麼你就相信什麼。

Because there are a lot of people out there that claim to be speaking for Jesus.

因為現在有很多人都聲稱自己在為耶穌說話。

They're all over my comments.

我的評論裡到處都是。

OK, and they all disagree with one another, by the way.

好吧，順便說一句，他們都不同意彼此的觀點。

But how am I supposed to know who to believe?

但我怎麼知道該相信誰呢？

These people that come into my comments and they say, Jesus loves you.

這些人走進我的評論，他們說，耶穌愛你。

He loves you so much.

他是如此愛你

And he just wanted me to tell you that.

他只是想讓我告訴你這一點。

OK, well, why can't Jesus come to me himself?

好吧，為什麼耶穌不能親自來找我？

Why can't Jesus show me himself?

為什麼耶穌不能讓我看到他自己？

Why does he want me to just trust the words of a stranger, trust the words of someone I don't even know, or even just to trust my parents or to trust a pastor?

為什麼他要我只相信一個陌生人的話，相信一個我根本不認識的人的話，甚至只相信我的父母或牧師？

Because what if you're raised in the wrong type of Christianity?

因為如果你是在錯誤的基督教氛圍中長大的呢？

What if you're raised in the wrong religion?

如果你是在錯誤的宗教信仰中長大的呢？

Does he want you to just trust what people are telling you about God?

他想讓你只相信別人告訴你的關於上帝的事情嗎？

No, because you're supposed to believe in Jesus and have faith in his father.

不，因為你應該相信耶穌，相信他的父親。

So you're lucky, I guess, if you're born into the right religion, born into the right Christianity, and you have the pastor and your parents telling you the right version of Jesus that you can have faith in.

所以我想，如果你出生在正確的宗教裡，出生在正確的基督教裡，有牧師和你的父母告訴你正確版本的耶穌，你就很幸運了，你可以信仰它。

You don't have to question it.

你不必質疑。

But what about those people that aren't raised in those environments?

但那些不是在這種環境中長大的人呢？

If they were to take the advice of Jesus to just believe and not have doubts, well, people would be following all kinds of false religions and false beliefs, according to Jesus.

如果他們聽從耶穌的建議，只相信而不懷疑，那麼，按照耶穌的說法，人們就會追隨各種虛假的宗教和虛假的信仰。

So we have to kind of figure out the most reasonable way to approach these claims.

是以，我們必須找出最合理的方法來處理這些索賠。

When somebody is presenting you with information, the most important thing you can do is to scrutinize that information, to try to poke holes in it and to try to see if what you're being told actually aligns with the reality that you're living in.

當有人向你提供資訊時，你能做的最重要的事情就是仔細研究這些資訊，試圖戳穿其中的漏洞，看看別人告訴你的資訊是否與你所處的現實相符。

There is this common theme throughout the Bible taught in Christian churches that you are to remain as ignorant as possible when it comes to these these spiritual claims about God, these biblical claims.

在基督教會所教導的聖經中，有一個共同的主題，那就是當涉及到這些關於上帝的屬靈主張、這些聖經主張時，你應該儘可能地保持無知。

That all throughout the Bible, God rewards ignorance, rewards blind obedience, and he discourages people from asking questions, from pushing back, from stopping and going, wait a minute, is this right?

在整本《聖經》中，上帝獎勵無知，獎勵盲目服從，他不鼓勵人們提出問題，不鼓勵人們反駁，不鼓勵人們停下來，等等，這樣做對嗎？

Is this what I should be believing?

這是我應該相信的嗎？

Is this what I should be following?

這是我應該遵循的嗎？

God doesn't want you doing that.

上帝不希望你這麼做

He wants to tell you what to do and then you need to do it no matter what.

他想告訴你該做什麼，然後無論如何你都要去做。

No matter how your brain might put up a fight and might say, hmm, that doesn't sound right.

無論你的大腦如何反抗，如何說 "嗯，這聽起來不對"。

Ignore that.

別管它。

Ignore all of those roadblocks that get in the way.

無視那些阻礙你前進的路障。

The process of critical thinking, just disregard it and obey.

批判性思維的過程，就是無視它，服從它。

In Genesis two through three, we see Adam and Eve being told that there is this this tree that is a tree of knowledge and that they are to stay away from it.

在《創世記》第二至三章中，我們看到亞當和夏娃被告知，有一棵樹是知識之樹，他們要遠離它。

He doesn't give them a reason why.

他沒有給他們一個理由。

He doesn't tell them why he put the tree there in the first place and made it look so appealing and with delicious looking fruit that was good for gaining wisdom.

他並沒有告訴他們，為什麼一開始要把這棵樹放在那裡，並讓它看起來如此吸引人，結出美味的果實，讓人獲得智慧。

And Eve saw this tree and she saw that the fruit was delicious and she saw that the fruit was good for gaining wisdom.

夏娃看到了這棵樹，她看到了果實的美味，她看到了果實對獲得智慧的好處。

She had some sort of knowing about what this fruit could do for her and that this fruit could give her wisdom.

她知道這種果實能給她帶來什麼，也知道這種果實能給她帶來智慧。

And she decided to follow her intuition and to gain wisdom, to seek wisdom out.

她決定追隨直覺，獲得智慧，尋求智慧。

And what does God do?

上帝做了什麼？

He punishes her for it and he banishes her from the garden and he condemns all of humanity because his creation sought wisdom from a tree that he created, a tree of knowledge.

他是以懲罰了她，把她逐出了花園，並譴責了全人類，因為他的創造物從他創造的一棵樹--知識樹上尋求智慧。

God wants you to be ignorant.

上帝希望你無知。

He doesn't want you to be wise.

他不想讓你變得聰明。

He doesn't want you to seek knowledge.

他不想讓你尋求知識。

He doesn't want you to come to reasonable, rational conclusions within your mind.

他不希望你在頭腦中得出合理、理性的結論。

He just wants you to obey whatever he says and to remain as ignorant as possible.

他只想讓你對他言聽計從，儘可能保持無知。

Genesis 22, he told Abraham to take his son up to a mountaintop and to sacrifice him, to put a knife over his head and to stab him.

創世紀》第 22 章中，他讓亞伯拉罕把他的兒子帶到山頂上獻祭，把刀架在他的頭上刺他。

And Abraham was not encouraged to stop and think about this and go, hmm, this God who is all loving and who loves me and loves my son.

亞伯拉罕沒有被鼓勵停下來想一想，然後說，嗯，這位上帝充滿了愛，他愛我，也愛我的兒子。

He wouldn't ask me to do such a terrible thing to my kid.

他不會讓我對我的孩子做這麼可怕的事。

No, he was not encouraged to push back or to ask questions or to reject this this command.

不，不鼓勵他反駁、提問或拒絕這一命令。

He is praised for having the faith and devotion to do whatever God said, even if it was the most terrible thing.

人們稱讚他有信心和獻身精神，聽從上帝的吩咐，哪怕是最可怕的事情。

When 1 Peter 1, 8 through 9, it says, although you have not seen him, you love him.

彼得前書》第 1 章第 8 至 9 節說，你們雖然沒有見過他，卻愛他。

And even though you do not see him now, you believe in him and rejoice with an indescribable and glorious joy for you are receiving the outcome of your faith, the salvation of your souls.

儘管你們現在看不到他，但你們相信他，並帶著無法形容的榮耀喜悅歡欣鼓舞，因為你們正在接受信仰的結果，靈魂的救贖。

So this is just it's just encouraged over and over again.

所以，這只是一次又一次的鼓勵。

Don't don't look for the reasons to believe.

不要尋找相信的理由。

Just believe.

只要相信。

And so we can see why when we start asking questions and we start pushing back on these things that are really kind of making us pause to think, we can see why so many people in the church get upset with us.

是以，我們可以明白，當我們開始提問，開始反擊這些真正讓我們停頓下來思考的事情時，為什麼教會里會有那麼多人對我們不滿。

They think that we are we are trying to kind of dismantle their beliefs.

他們認為我們在試圖瓦解他們的信仰。

We are trying to interrupt their faith by asking questions, by not remaining blindly obedient and ignorant.

我們試圖通過提問，通過不盲從、不無知來打斷他們的信仰。

They don't like that because they're taught that the best thing they can do is to remain steadfast in their faith and to not have any doubts.

他們不喜歡這樣，因為他們被教導說，他們能做的最好的事情就是堅定自己的信仰，不要有任何懷疑。

So the moment you start doubting and walking away, they see that as an attack on the faith, which is so interesting because all you're really doing is examining the information you're being presented.

是以，一旦你開始懷疑並離開，他們就會認為這是對信仰的攻擊，這太有趣了，因為你所做的其實只是在審視別人給你提供的資訊。

All you're doing is going through a method of critical thought, of doubting and scrutinizing so that you can be sure that what you're being told is true.

你所做的一切，都是在用一種批判性思維的方法，去懷疑和審視，從而確保你所聽到的都是真的。

Doubts and skepticism, these are not inherently bad things.

疑慮和懷疑本身並不是壞事。

And in fact, I think that they are great things to have and great things that you can apply to any claims that people bring to you, especially when they come to supernatural or spiritual claims.

事實上，我認為這些都是很好的東西，你可以把它們應用於人們向你提出的任何要求，尤其是涉及超自然或精神方面的要求。

Doubt and skepticism are tools for critical thinking.

懷疑和懷疑精神是批判性思維的工具。

And why on earth would a religion or a god or anyone discourage you from thinking critically about what you believe?

宗教、神或任何人究竟為什麼要阻止你對自己的信仰進行批判性思考呢？

Doubt is the recognition that you don't have all of the answers, that you need to ask more questions so that you can figure out what's true.

懷疑是一種認識，即你不知道所有的答案，你需要問更多的問題，這樣你才能找出真相。

It's important to not just put your belief, put your faith into something that hasn't that you haven't been given a good reason to do so.

重要的是，不要把你的信念、信仰寄託在那些你還沒有得到充分理由的事情上。

I think it's so interesting that Christians often accuse me and others who are posing these questions and scrutinizing this faith.

我覺得有趣的是，基督徒們經常指責我和其他提出這些問題、審視這種信仰的人。

They accuse us of being egotistical, of being so stubborn.

他們指責我們自負，指責我們如此固執。

And it's so interesting that they see our doubts, our skepticism as egotistical because I actually think it takes intellectual humility to recognize that what you believe might not be true.

有趣的是，他們把我們的懷疑、懷疑論看成是自負，因為我認為，認識到自己所相信的東西可能並不是真的，這需要知識分子的謙遜。

And to be willing to step into that process of doubting, step into that process of applying skepticism to something that you truly believe.

要願意踏入懷疑的過程，踏入對自己真正相信的東西持懷疑態度的過程。

It is the opposite of being egotistical to actually stop before you claim to know truth, especially about these very unknowable things like religion, to stop and say, I don't really know the answer to this and I don't think this is right.