We hope you enjoy it. bbclearningenglish.com Hello, I'm Jackie Dalton.

希望您能喜歡。bbclearningenglish.com 你好，我是 Jackie Dalton。

Welcome to Entertainment.

歡迎來到娛樂世界。

What is it that makes you happy?

是什麼讓你感到快樂？

Friends?

朋友？

Family?

家庭？

Art?

藝術？

Money?

錢？

A big TV set?

大電視機？

Well, research shows that having lots of money doesn't always mean being happier.

研究表明，擁有很多錢並不總是意味著更快樂。

We're about to hear a report on the topic of wealth and happiness.

我們即將聽到一份關於財富與幸福的報告。

First, let's look at a few words and phrases related to happiness.

首先，讓我們來看看與幸福有關的幾個詞和短語。

If you're feeling happy, you could express it in these ways.

如果你感到快樂，可以用這些方式來表達。

I'm feeling quite cheerful today.

我今天感覺很開心。

I'm content.

我很滿足。

I'm feeling good.

我感覺很好。

Another word for happiness can be well-being.

幸福的另一個詞可以是安康。

The older I get, the greater my sense of well-being.

我年紀越大，幸福感就越強。

What about unhappiness?

不快樂呢？

That baby sounds miserable.

這孩子聽起來很可憐。

Miserable is a word we sometimes use to describe someone who's not happy.

我們有時會用 "悲慘 "這個詞來形容一個人不快樂。

We can also say… She's sad.

我們還可以說......她很悲傷。

I'm feeling low.

我情緒低落。

He's a bit down today.

他今天有點低落。

Some of these words will come up in a moment.

其中一些詞稍後會出現。

As you listen to this report by Mark Easton, answer this question.

在聆聽馬克-伊斯頓的報告時，請回答這個問題。

Are people in Britain happier now than they were 50 years ago?

現在的英國人比 50 年前更幸福嗎？

It is perhaps one of the greatest challenges for developed nations around the world.

這或許是全世界發達國家面臨的最大挑戰之一。

Once average incomes exceed about $15,000, additional wealth doesn't easily translate into additional well-being.

一旦平均收入超過約 15,000 美元，額外的財富就不容易轉化為額外的福祉。

In some countries, notably the United States, it appears that despite being richer than ever in their history, they're getting slightly more miserable.

在一些國家，尤其是美國，儘管他們比歷史上任何時候都富裕，但他們似乎變得更加悲慘。

In Britain, happiness levels appear to have remained constant since the 1950s, despite the country being three times richer.

在英國，儘管國家富裕了三倍，但自 20 世紀 50 年代以來，幸福水準似乎一直保持不變。

Well, the answer to the question was no.

問題的答案是否定的。

People in Britain are not happier than they were 50 years ago.

英國人並不比 50 年前更幸福。

Mark said happiness levels have remained constant.

馬克說，幸福指數一直保持不變。

People are more or less as happy as they were in the 1950s, even though Britain is three times richer.

儘管英國富裕了三倍，但人們的幸福感與 20 世紀 50 年代差不多。

And in the United States, although people are richer, they're a bit more miserable than before.

而在美國，雖然人們更富有了，但卻比以前更悲慘了。

So is there anything we can do to make us feel good?

那麼，有沒有什麼辦法能讓我們感覺良好呢？

Some people think the leaders of countries should take action.

有些人認為國家領導人應該採取行動。

As you listen to the next part of the report, answer this question.

在聽報告的下一部分時，請回答這個問題。

Why is happiness important for nations?

為什麼幸福對國家很重要？

Governments are being forced to consider the purpose of politics, should its prime aim be to make people richer or to make people happier.

各國政府不得不考慮政治的目的，其首要目標是讓人們更富有，還是讓人們更幸福。

Happy nations tend to be more productive, health is better, people are more creative, life expectancy goes up, quality of life matters.

幸福的國家往往生產力更高、健康狀況更好、人們更有創造力、預期壽命更長、生活品質更重要。

So why is a more cheerful country a better country?

那麼，為什麼一個更開朗的國家會是一個更好的國家呢？

Well, there are a lot of reasons, including people are more productive, which means they achieve more at work, and life expectancy goes up, meaning people live longer.

原因有很多，其中包括人們的工作效率提高了，這意味著他們在工作中取得了更大的成就；人們的預期壽命延長了，這意味著人們活得更長。

Mark says quality of life matters.

馬克說，生活品質很重要。

Quality of life.

生活品質。

Is a term often used to talk about how good or bad your life is and how happy you are.

是一個經常用來談論生活好壞和幸福程度的術語。

So what are some of the things that make us feel like we have a bad quality of life?

那麼，有哪些事情會讓我們覺得自己的生活品質不高呢？

Listen to find out.

聽聽就知道了。

Mobility of labour, commuting, long working hours are all bad for happiness.

勞動力流動、通勤、長時間工作都不利於幸福感。

A big gap between rich and poor tends to reduce it too.

貧富差距過大往往也會導致貧富差距縮小。

So essentially it looks like working too hard makes people unhappy, and commuting, travelling to and from work, as does a big pay gap, a situation where there are very rich and very poor people living in the same area.

是以，從根本上看，工作太辛苦會讓人不快樂，上下班的交通和巨大的薪酬差距也會讓人不快樂，這就是同一個地區生活著非常富有的人和非常貧窮的人的情況。

So these are things that in theory governments could try to improve.

是以，從理論上講，政府可以嘗試改善這些問題。

But what about us as individuals?

但作為個體的我們呢？

Dr Nick Bayliss is co-director of the new Wellbeing Institute at the University of Cambridge.

尼克-貝利斯（Nick Bayliss）博士是劍橋大學新成立的幸福研究所的聯合主任。

He thinks that happiness has become an industry.

他認為，幸福已經成為一種產業。

Firms want us to think we can buy happiness, whether it's a tasty chocolate bar or self-help books, books telling you how you can make yourself feel happier.

公司希望我們認為可以買到快樂，無論是美味的巧克力棒還是自助書籍，告訴你如何讓自己更快樂的書籍。

Why does Dr Bayliss think this is a bad thing?

為什麼貝利斯博士認為這是一件壞事？

It's become an industry.

這已經成為一種產業。

There's 8 million self-help books claiming they can sell us feel good.

有 800 萬本自助書籍聲稱他們可以向我們推銷 "感覺良好"。

It's a very unhelpful view of life because sometimes life feels bad, and we have to know what to do with those bad feelings.

這是一種非常無益的人生觀，因為有時人生的感覺很糟糕，我們必須知道如何對待這些糟糕的感覺。

And if we're just trying to feel good the whole time and demonise the feeling bad, the feeling scared or angry or ashamed or lonely, I think we're missing much of the richness of life.

如果我們總是想讓自己感覺良好，而把不好的感覺、害怕、憤怒、羞愧或孤獨的感覺妖魔化，我想我們就會失去生命的豐富性。

As for there being a formula for happy lives, I think that's just going so far in the wrong direction.

至於幸福生活的公式，我認為這只是走錯了方向。

Dr Bayliss thinks the feel-good industry offers an unhelpful view of how we should be living.

貝利斯博士認為，"感覺良好 "行業提供了一種無益的生活方式。

He thinks it's more important for us to stop just expecting to be able to make our lives happy all the time.

他認為，更重要的是，我們不要再一味地期望自己的生活能夠一直幸福下去。

We must learn to accept that there are times when we don't feel so good.

我們必須學會接受，有時我們會感覺不太好。

What are some of the adjectives he used?

他使用了哪些形容詞？

Feeling bad, feeling scared or angry or ashamed or lonely.

感覺不好，感到恐懼、憤怒、羞愧或孤獨。

Feeling bad, scared, lonely or ashamed.

感覺不好、害怕、孤獨或羞愧。

You feel ashamed when you think you've done something wrong, like upset someone.

當你認為自己做錯了事，比如惹人生氣時，你會感到羞愧。

Dr Bayliss thinks we shouldn't expect to be content all the time.

貝利斯博士認為，我們不應該期望自己一直滿足。

We should learn how to accept and cope with negative feelings as well.

我們也應該學會如何接受和應對負面情緒。

As he says, they're all part of the richness of life.

正如他所說，這些都是豐富生活的一部分。