Name: 先不要管會不會放颱風假了！一起來了解颱風是怎麼形成的！ (Formation Of A Tropical Cyclone)
Uploaded: 2024-07-23T21:01:40.000Z
Duration: 3 min 42 s

There are three basic stages in the life of a tropical cyclone, its origin or source, the mature stage and the dissipation stage where it dies out.

熱帶氣旋的一生有三個基本階段：起源或源頭階段、成熟階段和消散階段。

These occur in a continuous process, not as separate and distinct stages.

這些都是在一個連續的過程中發生的，而不是作為單獨和不同的階段。

Each stage may occur more than once during the life cycle as the strength of the cyclone rises and falls, it may reach land, weaken, then go back out to sea where it strengthens once more.

在氣旋的生命週期中，每個階段都可能出現不止一次，因為氣旋的強度時強時弱，它可能會到達陸地、減弱，然後又回到海上，並在那裡再次增強。

The formation of a cyclone depends upon the following conditions coinciding.

氣旋的形成取決於以下條件的同時具備。

A large, still and warm ocean area with a surface temperature that exceeds 26.5 degrees Celsius over an extended period.

海面溫度長期超過 26.5 攝氏度的大片靜止溫暖海域。

This allows a body of warm air to develop above the ocean's surface.

這使得暖空氣體在海洋表面形成。

Low altitude winds are also needed to form a tropical cyclone.

As air warms over the ocean it expands, becomes lighter and rises.

當空氣在海洋上空變暖時會膨脹、變輕並上升。

Other local winds blow in to replace the air that has risen, then this air is also warmed and rises.

其他地方的風吹來，取代了上升的空氣，然後這些空氣也被加熱並上升。

The rising air contains huge amounts of moisture evaporated from the ocean's surface.

上升的空氣中含有大量從海洋表面蒸發的水分。

As it rises it cools, condensing to form huge clouds about 10 km up in the troposphere.

隨著氣溫的升高，它逐漸冷卻，在對流層約 10 千米的高空凝結成巨大的雲團。

More warm air rushes in and rises, drawn by the draft above.

在上方氣流的牽引下，更多暖空氣湧入並上升。

The rising drafts of air carry moisture high into the atmosphere so that these clouds eventually become very thick and heavy.

上升的氣流將水汽帶到大氣層的高處，是以這些雲最終會變得非常厚重。

Condensation then releases the latent heat energy stored in the water vapour, providing the cyclone with more power.

然後，冷凝會釋放儲存在水蒸氣中的潛熱能量，為氣旋提供更多動力。

This creates a self-sustaining heat cycle.

這就形成了一個自我維持的熱循環。

Drawn further upwards by the new release of energy, the clouds can grow to 12 to 15 km high.

在新能量釋放的牽引下，雲層會進一步上升，高度可達 12 至 15 千米。

The force created by the Earth's rotation on a tilted axis, the Coriolis effect, causes rising currents of air to spiral around the centre of the tropical cyclone.

地球在傾斜軸上自轉產生的力，即科里奧利效應，使上升的氣流圍繞熱帶氣旋的中心旋轉。

It is at this stage that the cyclone matures and the eye of the storm is created.

在這一階段，氣旋逐漸成熟，形成暴風眼。

As the air rises and cools, some of this dense air descends to form the clear, still eye as the cyclone rages around it.

隨著空氣的上升和冷卻，部分稠密的空氣會下降，在氣旋的肆虐下形成清晰、靜止的氣眼。

The eye wall, where the wind is strongest, behaves like a whirling cylinder.

風力最強的眼壁就像一個旋轉的圓柱體。

Cyclones rotate clockwise in the southern hemisphere, anticlockwise in the northern.

氣旋在南半球順時針旋轉，在北半球逆時針旋轉。

The lowest air pressure in a tropical cyclone is always found at the centre, and is typically 950 millibars or less.

熱帶氣旋的中心氣壓最低，通常為 950 毫巴或更低。

The average air pressure at the Earth's surface is about 1010 millibars.

地球表面的平均氣壓約為 1010 毫巴。

Tropical cyclones have significantly lower air pressure than the air that surrounds them.

熱帶氣旋的氣壓明顯低於其周圍的空氣。

The bigger the pressure difference, the stronger the wind force.

One of the lowest air pressures ever recorded was 877 millibars for Typhoon Ida, which hit the Philippines in 1958, where winds reached 300 km an hour.

1958 年襲擊菲律賓的颱風 "艾達 "的最低氣壓為 877 毫巴，風速達到每小時 300 公里。

Once formed, the cyclone's movement or track follows a pathway away from its source, driven by global wind circulation.

氣旋一旦形成，就會在全球風環流的驅動下，沿著遠離氣旋源的路徑移動。

 As warm ocean waters feed it heat and moisture, the cyclone continues to enlarge.

由於溫暖的海水為氣旋提供了熱量和水分，氣旋繼續擴大。