This is Digit, a robot who sort of looks like a person, hence the name humanoid robot.

這就是 Digit，一個長得有點像人的機器人，是以被稱為人形機器人。

Technically, these are called bipedal humanoid robots.

從技術上講，這些機器人被稱為雙足仿人機器人。

Using semantic intelligence, it's able to interpret commands from people and then make its own decisions about how to act.

利用語義智能，它能夠解讀人們的指令，然後自行決定如何行動。

So the goal is for him to be able to interpret normal human language to say, hey, I need you to pick this box up, help me out in this instance.

是以，我們的目標是讓他能夠解釋正常的人類語言，說 "嘿，我需要你把這個盒子撿起來，幫我個忙"。

Is that where you see this going?

這就是你認為的發展方向嗎？

Yeah, and I think it will generally be probably less of a, I need you to do this one thing for me and more of a, do this for me forever in the corner of the facility.

是的，我想一般來說，我需要你為我做的事情可能會少一些，而更多的是在設施的角落裡永遠為我做這件事。

Robots like this one are catching the attention and billions of investment dollars from big tech companies like Amazon, Google, Nvidia and Microsoft.

像這樣的機器人正吸引著亞馬遜、谷歌、Nvidia 和微軟等大型科技公司的關注和數十億美元的投資。

Elon Musk is betting the future of Tesla on these machines.

埃隆-馬斯克將特斯拉的未來押在了這些機器上。

As you see Optimus develop, it's really going to transform the world, I think to a degree even greater than the cars.

隨著 "擎天柱 "的發展，它將真正改變世界，我認為其程度甚至超過汽車。

Some also argue robots like Digit can solve the world's labor crisis, filling jobs that are too dangerous or that people simply don't want.

也有人認為，像 Digit 這樣的機器人可以解決世界的勞動力危機，填補那些過於危險或人們根本不願意從事的工作。

They may even replace an aging workforce as people around the world have fewer kids.

他們甚至可能取代老齡化的勞動力，因為全世界的人都在減少生育。

Today in manufacturing, we're short about 300,000 people and it's something very similar in warehousing and logistics.

如今，在製造業，我們缺少大約 30 萬人，倉儲和物流業也是如此。

So we're somewhere around 600,000, 700,000 jobs we can't fill.

是以，我們大約有 60 到 70 萬個工作崗位無法填補。

The idea of robots isn't exactly new.

機器人的概念並不新鮮。

Here I am, sir.

我來了，先生。

So why all the sudden attention?

那麼，為什麼突然受到關注呢？

The big driver, artificial intelligence.

最大的驅動力是人工智能。

These bots have seen quantum leaps in what they're capable of in just the past few years, thanks to AI.

得益於人工智能的發展，這些機器人的能力在過去幾年裡有了質的飛躍。

Generative AI is really a key unlock overall for what you can get a robot to do, let alone a humanoid robot.

對於機器人（更不用說仿人機器人）來說，生成式人工智能確實是一個關鍵的解鎖點。

Robotics is where AI meets reality.

機器人技術是人工智能與現實的結合。

We are really at the cusp of solving one of the grand challenges of humanity.

我們確實正處於解決人類重大挑戰之一的關鍵時刻。

It'll change labor forever.

它將永遠改變勞動。

There is probably a need in the future once the humanoids get a bit more clever, a bit more perhaps autonomy.

在未來，一旦人形機器人變得更聰明、更有自主性，也許就會有這種需要。

But until that point, I think the market will be fairly limited to PR spectacles.

但在此之前，我認為市場將僅限於公關眼鏡。

It all sounds great, but will we ever trust robots working in our houses, schools and nursing homes?

這一切聽起來都很美好，但我們會相信機器人在我們的房子、學校和養老院裡工作嗎？

Will they ever be safe enough?

它們會足夠安全嗎？

And how lifelike is too lifelike?

栩栩如生到什麼程度才算栩栩如生？

And how should the U.S. think about global adversaries building similar fleets of humanoids?

美國應該如何看待全球對手建立類似的人形機器人艦隊？

CNBC explores the rise of these AI-driven humanoids and if they're really a cure-all for our global workforce problems, or if this is another tech bubble.

CNBC 探討了這些人工智能驅動的人形機器人的崛起，以及它們是否真的是解決全球勞動力問題的靈丹妙藥，或者這是否是又一個科技保麗龍。

This hardware has been around for decades.

這種硬件已經存在了幾十年。

Companies like Boston Dynamics, Honda, Sony and others have wowed the public with early versions of these robots.

波士頓動力（Boston Dynamics）、本田（Honda）、索尼（Sony）等公司已經推出了這些機器人的早期版本，令公眾驚歎不已。

Why would we want humanoids?

我們為什麼想要人形生物？

The prevailing sort of answer has been the world is built to be occupied by humans.

最普遍的一種答案是，世界就是為人類居住而建造的。

If we want robots that are versatile, that can do a wide range of things, then having it adopt the humanoid form factor always made a lot of sense.

如果我們想要的機器人是多功能的，可以做各種各樣的事情，那麼讓它採用仿人的外形總是非常有意義的。

Recent leaps in artificial intelligence have resulted in leaps for robotics.

最近人工智能的飛躍帶動了機器人技術的飛躍。

The data that they use to train these robots, it's based in real-world scenarios.

他們用來訓練這些機器人的數據都是基於真實世界的場景。

Now a robot can be trained the same way a human is.

現在，機器人可以像人類一樣接受訓練。

We have this technology called teleoperation.

我們有一種技術叫遠程操作。

The person does the thing 200 times, we record all that data, and then we use that data to train these models.

這個人做這件事 200 次，我們記錄下所有數據，然後用這些數據來訓練這些模型。

And the AI models are very similar to the GPT-style generative AI models.

而人工智能模型與 GPT 類型的生成式人工智能模型非常相似。

You feed in the 200 trajectories and the system learns how the task is being done, and then the robot will do the task autonomously.

你輸入 200 條軌跡，系統就會學習任務是如何完成的，然後機器人就會自主完成任務。

If I go into a new space, I'm now not looking at spending months trying to code that problem.

如果我進入一個新的空間，我現在不用再花幾個月的時間來解決這個問題了。

I can potentially just generate it straight out of gen AI and be able to have Digit interact with new objects and in new environments without having to develop it all.

我有可能直接從 Gen AI 中生成它，並讓 Digit 在新的環境中與新的物體進行交互，而無需開發這一切。

AI models require massive quantities of data to train off of, and this is no different.

人工智能模型需要大量數據來訓練，這一點也不例外。

If you show the robot enough things, it starts to be able to do things that it hasn't been shown before.

如果你向機器人展示了足夠多的東西，它就會開始做一些以前從未展示過的事情。

Big tech is very interested in the big potential this technology promises.

大型科技公司對這項技術的巨大潛力非常感興趣。

If you're going to do AI at the frontier, you need to be partnered with Microsoft or NVIDIA or Google or one of the big players.

如果要在前沿領域開展人工智能，就必須與微軟、英偉達、谷歌或其他大公司合作。

This is no other way.

別無他法。

They have resources that nobody else has, even governments.

他們擁有別人沒有的資源，甚至政府也沒有。

NVIDIA's been a great partner up until this point.

在此之前，英偉達一直是一個很好的合作伙伴。

We're using everything from their hardware to their simulation, and then recently have started working with them on foundation models as well.

從硬件到模擬，我們都在使用他們的產品，最近還開始與他們合作開發地基模型。

One of this industry's biggest proponents is Elon Musk.

埃隆-馬斯克（Elon Musk）是這一行業最大的支持者之一。

He's made some bold predictions that Tesla's robot, Optimus, could propel it to a $25 trillion market cap and that it will amount to a majority of Tesla's long-term value with demand as high as 10 to 20 billion units.

他大膽預測，特斯拉的機器人 "擎天柱"（Optimus）可能會將特斯拉推向 25 萬億美元的市值，它將佔特斯拉長期價值的大部分，需求量高達 100 億至 200 億臺。

Tesla is arguably the world's biggest robotics company because our cars are like semi-sentient robots on wheels.

特斯拉可以說是世界上最大的機器人公司，因為我們的汽車就像是裝在輪子上的半智能機器人。

And with the full self-driving computer and all the neural nets, it kind of makes sense to put that onto a humanoid form.

有了完整的自動駕駛計算機和所有的神經網絡，把它們放到人形上也就說得通了。

And it's intended to be friendly, of course, and navigate through a world built for tasks.

當然，它的目的是友好地瀏覽這個為任務而建的世界。

Musk isn't alone in believing humanoid robots could change the world.

相信仿人機器人能改變世界的不只馬斯克一個人。

Investors are pouring millions into startups with the market expected to grow to $38 billion by 2035.

投資者正向初創企業投入數百萬美元，預計到 2035 年，初創企業市場規模將增至 380 億美元。

The funding that has gone into some of these companies has been absolutely huge.

其中一些公司獲得的資金絕對是巨大的。

And I think that kind of the parallel with the AI funding.

我認為這與人工智能的資金投入是平行的。

This is the biggest market in the world.

這是世界上最大的市場。

I mean, effectively, this has the potential to change the way we live and work pretty dramatically.

我的意思是，實際上，這有可能極大地改變我們的生活和工作方式。

Humanoid robots are closer to being a real part of our workforce than you might think.

仿人機器人比你想象的更接近真正成為我們勞動力的一部分。

Some companies are already deploying them in factories and warehouses.

一些公司已經在工廠和倉庫中部署了這些設備。

Tesla claims it has two Optimus humanoid robots in its factory.

特斯拉聲稱它的工廠裡有兩個 "擎天柱 "仿人機器人。

During Tesla's 2024 first quarter earnings call, Musk said he believes Optimus will be performing tasks in Tesla's factories by the end of the year and that it could start selling the robot to outside customers by the end of 2025.

在特斯拉 2024 年第一季度的財報電話會議上，馬斯克表示，他相信 Optimus 將在今年年底前在特斯拉的工廠裡執行任務，並可能在 2025 年底前開始向外部客戶銷售這種機器人。

At the company's 2024 Investor Day in June, Musk predicted it could have over a thousand or a few thousand robots working at Tesla next year.

在今年 6 月舉行的 2024 年投資者日上，馬斯克預測明年可能會有一千多或幾千個機器人在特斯拉工作。

Musk saying that Optimus will be bigger than the cars.

馬斯克說，"擎天柱 "將比汽車更大。

I presume that means that they are spending huge amounts of this.

我想，這意味著他們花費了鉅額資金。

I wouldn't underestimate them.

我不會低估他們。

Digit, created by Oregon-based Agility Robotics, is helping Amazon in early stage testing at its Sumner Washington Fulfillment Center and Innovation Lab.

由總部位於俄勒岡州的 Agility Robotics 公司創建的 Digit 正在幫助亞馬遜在其華盛頓州薩姆納配送中心和創新實驗室進行早期測試。

We've been working with them recycling totes.

我們一直在與他們合作回收手提袋。

The arms are capable of handling a wide variety of different payloads up to about 33 ish pounds.

這些機械臂能夠處理各種不同的有效載荷，最大重量約為 33 磅。

Agility says it plans to keep expanding the scope of work that Digit is capable of.

Agility 表示計劃繼續擴大 Digit 的業務範圍。

We envision an app store for robots out in the future where if you need tote recycling app, you can go into the app store and download that onto your robot.

我們設想將來會有一個機器人應用商店，如果你需要手提回收應用，你可以進入應用商店，把它下載到你的機器人上。

And according to the company, there is plenty of demand.

據該公司稱，需求量很大。

Agility is building a factory in Salem, Oregon, to keep up with orders.

Agility 正在俄勒岡州塞勒姆建造一座工廠，以滿足訂單需求。

We call it Robofab.

我們稱之為 Robofab。

We'll be online this summer.

我們將在今年夏天上線。

In a few years, have a capacity of about 10,000 robots per year.

幾年後，每年可生產約 10,000 臺機器人。

And where will those go for the most part?

這些人大部分會去哪裡？

To many, many customers, but largely initially in the logistics, warehousing space.

客戶很多很多，但最初主要集中在物流和倉儲領域。

The next big market we see is automotive, retail and then eventually into markets like health care.

我們看到的下一個大市場是汽車、零售，然後最終進入醫療保健等市場。

Several other startups are developing similar humanoid robots.

其他幾家初創公司也在開發類似的仿人機器人。

Sanctuary AI launched in 2018 in Vancouver, Canada, and built its latest robot last year.

Sanctuary AI 於 2018 年在加拿大溫哥華成立，去年製造出了最新的機器人。

Phoenix, a five foot seven robot capable of lifting up to 55 pounds.

鳳凰，一個五英尺七英寸高的機器人，能舉起 55 磅的重物。

It looks a bit different from other humanoid designs, trading its legs for wheels.

它看起來與其他人形設計有些不同，把腿換成了輪子。

Robots with legs, the upper body, including the hands, have to be very weak and light.

機器人的腿、上半身，包括手，都必須非常薄弱和輕巧。

So instead of doing that, we put our product on a wheel base.

是以，我們沒有這樣做，而是把產品放在輪座上。

And because we made that trade off, we can build very powerful, very precise, very fast motors in the upper body.

正因為我們做了這樣的權衡，我們才能在上半身製造出非常強大、非常精確、非常快速的電機。

The company deployed early iterations of its robot with Canadian Tire, completing front and back of store tasks such as picking and packing merchandise.

該公司在加拿大輪胎公司部署了其機器人的早期迭代產品，完成店前和店後的任務，如分揀和包裝商品。

Robots were asked to do everything from greeting people when they come through the door to actually putting things on trucks.

機器人要做的事情很多，從迎接進門的顧客到把東西裝上卡車。

Sanctuary says it's close to releasing its eighth generation robot in the next few months and has partnered with automotive manufacturer Magna to help build its robots at scale.

Sanctuary 表示，它即將在未來幾個月內推出第八代機器人，並已與汽車製造商麥格納合作，幫助大規模製造機器人。

Optronic started in 2016 as a spin out from the human centered robotics lab at the University of Texas at Austin.

Optronic 公司成立於 2016 年，是從德克薩斯大學奧斯汀分校以人為中心的機器人實驗室分拆出來的。

It began with an initial project to help NASA build a generalized humanoid robot.

它最初的項目是幫助美國國家航空航天局（NASA）製造一個通用的仿人機器人。

The company says it's now on its eighth version of a humanoid.

該公司表示，它目前正在開發第八版仿人機器人。

All that has culminated in building the robot that we essentially always dreamed of building, a robot called Apollo, which is a mass manufacturable commercial humanoid robot.

所有這一切最終造就了我們夢寐以求的機器人--名為阿波羅的機器人，這是一款可大規模製造的商用仿人機器人。

With a max payload of 55 pounds and a swappable four hour battery, Apollo is designed to help support logistics and manufacturing to start with retail as its next focus.

阿波羅 "的最大有效載荷為 55 磅，電池可更換，使用時間為 4 小時，旨在為物流和製造業提供支持，下一個重點是零售業。

We've got to prove out sort of the simpler tasks, but my dream is for Apollo hopefully to be ready in time to help my parents, hopefully to help me as I get old.

我們必須完成一些簡單的任務，但我的夢想是希望阿波羅能及時準備好幫助我的父母，希望在我年老時能幫助我。

The company says it has deployed Apollo and pilots with Mercedes-Benz, GXO and others.

該公司表示，它已與梅賽德斯-奔馳、GXO 等公司合作部署了阿波羅和飛行員。

We've started with pretty simple tasks, things like moving boxes or moving cases from one place to another.

我們從非常簡單的任務開始，比如搬箱子或把箱子從一個地方搬到另一個地方。

What we're moving into is doing more dexterity and more end to end tasks and then hope to be in full commercial launch by the end of next year.

我們正在進行更靈巧和更多端到端的任務，希望明年年底能全面投入商業營運。

It's no wonder tech companies have taken notice.

難怪科技公司會注意到這一點。

Some Wall Street analysts predict these robots are the next must have device, not unlike smartphones or EVs, but they also say such robots would be vital for manufacturing and dangerous work, but they would also help with elderly care and fill in labor shortages in factories.

一些華爾街分析師預測，這些機器人是下一個必備設備，與智能手機或電動汽車不同，但他們也表示，這些機器人對製造業和危險工作至關重要，但它們也有助於照顧老人和填補工廠的勞動力短缺。

There's already too few workers to fill all of the world's manufacturing jobs.

現在的工人已經太少，無法填補世界上所有的製造業工作崗位。

It's an estimated shortage of 500,000 people.

估計缺口達 50 萬人。

And by 2030, Goldman Sachs thinks that will grow to a shortage of 2 million workers.

高盛認為，到 2030 年，工人缺口將增至 200 萬。

Imagine I could give you a labor force that costs the price of electricity, you know, a few cents an hour per worker.

想象一下，我可以給你一個勞動力的成本與電價相當，你知道，每個工人每小時幾美分。

And they were equipped with the kinds of general intelligence that you might imagine comes like in science fiction.

它們配備了你可能在科幻小說中想象到的那種通用智能。

There's going to be things that you think of that will dramatically improve your life no matter who you are.

無論你是誰，你都會想到一些能極大改善你生活的事情。

We've only automated 10 percent of automotive manufacturing.

我們只實現了 10% 的汽車製造自動化。

If we can automate a much higher degree, it would dramatically change the economy.

如果我們能實現更高水平的自動化，將極大地改變經濟。

We have the ability to add new tools.

我們有能力增加新的工具。

You can imagine if you needed to put a rivet into a car or something, you could actually have the screw produced in the hand.

你可以想象一下，如果你需要在汽車或其他東西上安裝鉚釘，你實際上可以把螺絲拿在手裡。

But robots taking human jobs can be a contentious topic.

但是，機器人搶走人類的工作可能是一個有爭議的話題。

What would you tell those people who, you know, there are certain jobs that might be lost as a result of this?

對於那些可能是以而失去某些工作的人，你會怎麼說？

Actually, we've heard from some of those people and what their jobs start to evolve into is the manager of the robot fleet.

事實上，我們已經聽到了其中一些人的說法，他們的工作開始演變成機器人車隊的管理者。

They can be deployed in coal mines and fires for rescue efforts where it might not be as safe for a human being.

它們可以部署在煤礦和火災現場進行救援，因為在這些地方，人可能不那麼安全。

There are just some jobs that people don't want.

只是有些工作人們並不想要。

Proponents say a humanoid can help fill those.

支持者認為，仿人機器人可以幫助填補這些空白。

There's about 10 million open jobs in the United States alone.

僅在美國就有約 1,000 萬個空缺職位。

We could build and maintain 10 million of the robots that we're talking about without touching a single job.

我們可以製造和維護 1000 萬個我們所說的機器人，而不涉及任何工作。

If you have to lift 55 pounds somewhere between 50 and 100 times an hour, that's a serious workout.

如果你每小時要舉起 55 磅的重物 50 到 100 次，那就是一項艱鉅的任務。

So we're taking these dirty, dull and dangerous jobs first.

所以我們要先做這些骯髒、枯燥和危險的工作。

How far away are we from digit doing your laundry?

我們離數字化洗衣服還有多遠？

That's probably more along the lines of, you know, a decade or more.

你知道，這可能需要十年或更長的時間。

Is there a kill switch, for lack of a better term?

如果沒有更好的說法，有沒有 "死亡開關"？

There is a kill switch.

有一個斷電開關。

It's the big red button over there.

就是那邊那個紅色的大按鈕。

These are 140 pounds.

這些是 140 磅。

They have a lot of torque in their hands and arms and legs.

他們的手、胳膊和腿都有很大的扭力。

And so you have to be very conscious of the situation when robots are interfacing with humans.

是以，當機器人與人類進行交互時，你必須對情況有非常清醒的認識。

The biggest sort of short term obstacle we have is safety.

我們面臨的最大短期障礙是安全問題。

The U.N. has sort of put together a committee that's called AI for Good, which is basically coming up with policy recommendations at a U.N. level for how should countries think about A.I. and also think about robotics.

聯合國成立了一個名為 "AI for Good "的委員會，主要是在聯合國層面提出政策建議，指導各國如何看待人工智能和機器人技術。

For Agility's deployment of Digit, its robots operate away from human workers for safety reasons.

出於安全考慮，Agility 部署的 Digit 機器人在工作時遠離人類員工。

Right now, Digit is non-collaborative and we're working to what's formally verify, according to international standards, that Digit is safe to be in close proximity to a person.

目前，Digit 不與他人合作，我們正在努力根據國際標準正式驗證 Digit 是否可以安全地與人近距離接觸。

We have very tight safety regulations today.

今天，我們有非常嚴格的安全規定。

And then eventually, OSHA is the workplace safety organization that actually has to approve any deployment.

最後，職業安全與健康管理局（OSHA）作為工作場所安全組織，必須實際準許任何部署。

So it's very regulated to make sure that we don't get bad accidents.

是以，為了確保不發生嚴重事故，我們的監管非常嚴格。

Another big roadblock, the cost.

另一大障礙是成本。

Humanoid robots are expensive, complex pieces of machinery.

仿人機器人是昂貴而複雜的機械設備。

For them to go mainstream, that's going to have to change.

要讓它們成為主流，就必須改變這種狀況。

It's really expensive to even try to do this.

這樣做的成本真的很高。

And you have to have investors who are willing to take risks because nobody's done this before.

你必須有願意承擔風險的投資者，因為以前沒有人這樣做過。

Elon Musk came out with this idea that it should cost less than $20,000 and that would be a level where mass adoption would be possible.

埃隆-馬斯克（Elon Musk）提出了這樣一個想法：它的成本應該低於 2 萬美元，這樣才有可能實現大規模普及。

I think we'll have to wait quite a few years, probably a decade at least.

我想我們還得等上幾年，可能至少十年。

Agility says its robots can be purchased upfront with an additional software as a service.

Agility 公司稱，其機器人可以預購，並提供額外的軟件即服務。

As long as they have the robot, we help maintain it, take care of it, keep the software updated, and they just pay on a monthly basis.

只要他們擁有機器人，我們就會幫助維護、保養、更新軟件，而他們只需按月付費。

What does one of these robots cost?

這些機器人的價格是多少？

How should people think about it?

人們應該如何思考？

Is it like buying a car or a boat?

是買車還是買船？

I'd say it's like buying an expensive car, but the costs are coming down very, very quickly.

我想說，這就像買一輛昂貴的汽車，但成本下降得非常非常快。

While the U.S. has seen activity in humanoid robots explode, China is giving the West a run for its money.

在美國，仿人機器人的發展呈現爆炸式增長的同時，中國也在向西方國家發起挑戰。

It already dominates the industry, surpassing Japan in 2013 as the world's largest installer of industrial robots and now accounts for more than half of the global total.

日本已在該行業佔據主導地位，2013 年超過日本成為全球最大的工業機器人安裝國，目前佔全球總數的一半以上。

China, the market is absolutely huge.

中國，市場絕對巨大。

For example, in mobile robots, it's the biggest in the world.

例如，在移動機器人方面，它是世界上最大的。

The only other company in the West that has anything similar to the quantities that the companies have in China is Amazon.

在西方，唯一一家擁有與中國公司類似數量的公司是亞馬遜。

But Chinese companies are catching up fast.

但是，中國公司正在迅速迎頭趕上。

If you just count the number of humanoid robots that have come onto the scene over the last year, about half of them are from Chinese companies.

如果你統計一下去年出現的仿人機器人的數量，其中大約一半來自中國公司。

Interestingly, you've seen companies like BYD also invest.