Name: 大災難是如何發生的？| 半島電視臺英語 (How did the Nakba happen? | Al Jazeera English)
Uploaded: 2024-06-12T16:44:37.000Z
Duration: 6 min 14 s

情態副詞

70 years have passed since the Nakba, the catastrophe in Arabic, took place in Palestine in 1948, in which more than 750,000 Palestinians were forcefully displaced from their homes and pushed into refugee camps in East Jerusalem, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and neighboring countries.

自 1948 年在巴勒斯坦發生 "大災難"（阿拉伯語 Nakba）以來，已經過去了 70 年。在這場災難中，超過 75 萬巴勒斯坦人被迫背井離鄉，流落到東耶路撒冷、約旦河西岸、加沙地帶和鄰國的難民營中。

但大災難並沒有在 1948 年結束。

The catastrophe continues to affect more than 12 million Palestinians, who remain stateless today.

這場災難繼續影響著 1 200 多萬巴勒斯坦人，他們至今仍是無國籍者。

Historical Palestine was mostly made up of Palestinian Muslims, Christians, and a small number of Jews, who generally lived together peacefully.

歷史上的巴勒斯坦主要由巴勒斯坦穆斯林、基督徒和少數猶太人組成，他們通常和平共處。

The persecution of Jews across Europe led them to believe that they were not safe there, and Zionists saw Palestine as a prime location for a Jewish homeland.

歐洲各地對猶太人的迫害使他們相信，他們在那裡並不安全，而猶太復國主義者認為巴勒斯坦是猶太人家園的首選之地。

And it was clear that there were Palestinians on the land.

很顯然，這片土地上有巴勒斯坦人。

Zionist leaders and common people alike got used to the idea that the only way of making Palestine a Jewish state is by causing the Palestinians to leave.

猶太復國主義領導人和普通民眾都習慣於這樣一種觀點，即只有讓巴勒斯坦人離開，巴勒斯坦才能成為一個猶太國家。

The Jewish Zionist movement began organizing immigration and buying land in Palestine.

猶太復國主義運動開始組織移民並在巴勒斯坦購買土地。

This was the first step in turning Palestine into a Jewish homeland.

這是巴勒斯坦成為猶太人家園的第一步。

Britain promised Zionist support for a Jewish national home in Palestine.

英國承諾支持猶太復國主義在巴勒斯坦建立猶太民族家園。

This came as a formal political letter, known today as the Balfour Declaration.

這是一封正式的政治信件，今天被稱為《貝爾福宣言》。

It also included that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine.

它還包括不得采取任何可能損害巴勒斯坦現有非猶太社區的公民和宗教權利的行動。

When World War I ended and the Ottoman Empire was defeated, Britain occupied Palestine.

第一次世界大戰結束後，奧斯曼帝國戰敗，英國佔領了巴勒斯坦。

Britain provided the under which they could simply emigrate.

英國為他們提供了移民的條件。

I mean, they couldn't have emigrated were it not for the British presence, because the crucial battle in the early stages was simply getting Jews into Palestine and acquiring land.

我的意思是，如果沒有英國人的存在，他們不可能移民，因為早期階段的關鍵戰役只是讓猶太人進入巴勒斯坦並獲得土地。

They couldn't have done that without British government's sponsorship.

沒有英國政府的贊助，他們不可能做到這一點。

Jewish migration into Palestine was a major issue, and the Palestinian people organized large demonstrations against this influx.

猶太人遷入巴勒斯坦是一個重大問題，巴勒斯坦人民組織了大規模示威遊行，反對猶太人湧入。

Palestinians saw British support of Zionism as biased and unfair.

巴勒斯坦人認為英國對猶太復國主義的支持有失偏頗和公平。

So the people of Palestine revolted in 1936 to fight against British and Zionist occupation.

是以，巴勒斯坦人民於 1936 年起義，反抗英國和猶太復國主義的佔領。

During the three-year uprising, thousands of Palestinians were killed and hundreds of British citizens and Jewish Zionists died as well.

在長達三年的起義中，成千上萬的巴勒斯坦人被殺害，數百名英國公民和猶太復國主義者也喪生。

Britain dismantled the Palestinian Revolution, leaving them with no political or military leadership.

英國解散了巴勒斯坦革命，使他們失去了政治或軍事領導權。

However, the British also began limiting Jewish migration.

然而，英國人也開始限制猶太人移民。

This upset the Jews who had fought with the British during the uprising and led them to create their own forces.

這讓曾在起義中與英國人並肩作戰的猶太人很不高興，於是他們建立了自己的部隊。

Zionist militias carried out bombing attacks against both the British and the Palestinians.

猶太復國主義民兵對英國人和巴勒斯坦人進行了轟炸襲擊。

As things got out of hand, the British announced in 1947 that they'd be ending their mandate on Palestine.

隨著事態的失控，英國於 1947 年宣佈結束對巴勒斯坦的委任統治。

The file on Palestine was then transferred to the UN, which suggested dividing Palestine into an Arab and Jewish state.

隨後，有關巴勒斯坦的文件被移交給聯合國，聯合國建議將巴勒斯坦劃分為阿拉伯國家和猶太國家。

As the British were preparing to leave, the new Jewish population began taking over, and it helped that they were heavily armed.

在英國人準備離開的時候，新的猶太人開始接管，他們全副武裝，這對他們很有幫助。

The ethnic cleansing of Palestinians began months before the British officially left Palestine.

對巴勒斯坦人的種族清洗在英國正式離開巴勒斯坦前幾個月就開始了。

Zionists were taking over major cities and hundreds of villages, forcing thousands of Palestinians into neighboring countries.

猶太復國主義者佔領了主要城市和數百個村莊，迫使成千上萬的巴勒斯坦人逃往鄰國。

It happened many times that the Israeli soldiers took ten of the youngsters in the middle of the village, shot them just in order to kill them, in order that all the others would see and run away.

有很多次，以色列阿兵哥在村子中央抓走十個年輕人，開槍打死他們，以便讓其他人看到後逃跑。

And if it's not enough, they took others also.

如果這還不夠，他們還帶走了其他人。

The British ended their mandate on May 14, 1948, leaving their tanks and armored weapons to the newly created state of Israel.

1948 年 5 月 14 日，英國結束了對以色列的委任統治，將坦克和裝甲武器留給了新成立的以色列國。

From the time the British occupied Palestine in 1917 to when they left in 1948, the number of Jews is estimated to have multiplied ten times, to half a million.

從 1917 年英國佔領巴勒斯坦到 1948 年英國撤離，猶太人的數量估計翻了十倍，達到 50 萬。

As Zionist Jews declared the state of Israel on May 14, 1948, the surrounding Arab nations declared war with the objective of liberating Palestine.

1948 年 5 月 14 日，猶太復國主義猶太人宣佈成立以色列國，周圍的阿拉伯國家隨即宣戰，目的是解放巴勒斯坦。

Although Palestine had the support of other Arab nations and they outnumbered the Jewish population, the Israelis also had foreign military, political, and financial support.

雖然巴勒斯坦得到了其他阿拉伯國家的支持，而且他們的人數超過了猶太人，但以色列人也得到了外國的軍事、政治和財政支持。

They were a highly prepared, highly dedicated, well-armed fighting force, which was superior to all the Arab armies.

他們是一支準備充分、高度敬業、裝備精良的戰鬥部隊，比所有阿拉伯軍隊都更勝一籌。

Israel grew beyond the UN partition lines during the Arab-Israeli war by destroying Arab villages and further reducing the Palestinian population.

在阿以戰爭期間，以色列摧毀了阿拉伯村莊，進一步減少了巴勒斯坦人口，其發展超出了聯合國分界線。

By April 1949, more than 500 villages and settlements had been occupied by the Israelis.

到 1949 年 4 月，500 多個村莊和定居點被以色列人佔領。

Over 750,000 Palestinians were expelled from their homes and over 13,000 Palestinians had been killed.

超過 75 萬巴勒斯坦人被逐出家園，超過 1.3 萬巴勒斯坦人被殺害。

Today, Israel occupies the whole of historical Palestine.

今天，以色列佔領了整個歷史上的巴勒斯坦。

Israelis continue to build illegal settlements on occupied Palestinian territories.

以色列人繼續在巴勒斯坦被佔領土上修建非法定居點。

Palestinians in the West Bank live under military law, which subjects them to checkpoints, curfews, and arbitrary arrests.

西岸的巴勒斯坦人生活在軍法之下，受到檢查站、宵禁和任意逮捕的限制。

Palestinians in Gaza live under a blockade imposed by Israel.

加沙的巴勒斯坦人生活在以色列的封鎖之下。

Palestinians today continue to demand their right to return to their homes.

今天，巴勒斯坦人繼續要求享有返回家園的權利。

 For them, the Nakba will not end until this right is granted.

對他們來說，只有獲得這項權利，浩劫才會結束。

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大災難是如何發生的？| 半島電視臺英語 (How did the Nakba happen? | Al Jazeera English)

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