Plants are these wonderful things that grow outside and sometimes we grow them inside.

植物是生長在室外的奇妙植物，有時我們也會在室內種植。

They make the world beautiful in my opinion.

在我看來，它們讓世界變得更加美麗。

Plants make things look natural.

植物讓一切看起來都很自然。

They make us feel good inside and in in addition to that, they also feed us.

它們讓我們的內心感覺良好，除此之外，它們還能養活我們。

We eat all kinds of fruits and vegetables that plants provide for us.

我們吃植物為我們提供的各種水果和蔬菜。

So, plants are amazing and certainly a worthwhile English lesson for today.

是以，植物是神奇的，當然也是今天值得上的一堂英語課。

So, welcome to this English lesson about plants.

所以，歡迎來到這堂關於植物的英語課。

Seed.

種子

This is where you should start when talking about plants.

說到植物，就應該從這裡說起。

Seeds, in my opinion, are one of the most amazing things in the world.

在我看來，種子是世界上最神奇的東西之一。

It's this tiny little thing and you put it in the ground and it turns into a tree or it turns into grass or it turns into a little bush.

就是這麼一個小東西，你把它放進土裡，它就會變成一棵樹，或者變成小草，或者變成小灌木叢。

Seeds are these little dormant parts of the plant.

種子是植物的小休眠部分。

When I say dormant, I mean, a seed is kind of asleep, waiting to grow at some point.

我說的 "休眠"，是指種子在沉睡，等待著生長。

So, when you have seeds, you basically have plants that will grow someday.

是以，有了種子，基本上就有了將來會長大的植物。

Jen and I plant many, many seeds in the spring.

珍和我在春天播下了很多很多種子。

We start our seeds in little seeding trays in our basement and then eventually, they all grow into plants and seeds can be yummy too.

我們把種子放在地下室的小播種盤裡，最後它們都長成了植物，種子也可以很好吃。

It's fun to eat sunflower seeds or pumpkin seeds.

吃葵花籽或南瓜籽很有趣。

There are many types of seeds in the world that are very yummy to eat as well.

世界上有很多種類的種子，吃起來也非常美味。

So, the verb to plant.

是以，動詞是種植。

This is what we use when we talk about putting a seed in the ground.

這就是我們所說的把種子播到地裡。

This person is planting seeds.

這個人正在播種。

Jen will plant many seeds in the spring.

珍將在春天播下許多種子。

Farmers in our area will plant a lot of seeds in the ground later this spring.

今年春季晚些時候，我們地區的農民將在地裡播下大量種子。

So, when you take a seed that's dormant and you put it in the ground or you put it in soil and if it gets the right things which I'm going to talk about in a moment, it will start to grow but the verb we use is to plant and you put it into the soil or the ground.

所以，當你把一粒休眠的種子放在地裡或土壤裡，如果它得到了正確的東西，我馬上就會講到，它就會開始生長，但我們使用的動詞是種植，你把它放在土壤或地裡。

You could even say the earth.

甚至可以說是地球。

Generally, we plant seeds into soil in our seeding trays.

一般來說，我們將種子播種到播種盤中的土壤裡。

If you are putting seeds into a pot, you would probably say you're putting it into soil.

如果你把種子放進花盆裡，你可能會說你是把它放進土壤裡。

If you're outside, you plant seeds in the soil or in the ground.

如果在室外，您可以將種子種在土壤裡或地裡。

You could use either word to describe it but that is what will make seeds come out of their dormancy and start to grow to germinate.

你可以用任何一個詞來形容它，但這就是讓種子擺脫休眠，開始生長髮芽的原因。

So, once a seed starts to grow, it sends out usually a little root and a little stem.

是以，種子一旦開始生長，通常會發出一點根和莖。

So, we say then that it has germinated.

是以，我們說它已經發芽了。

The gets to a point where it will start to grow and we call that germination.

到了一定程度，它就會開始生長，我們稱之為發芽。

The verb is to germinate.

動詞是發芽。

We hope that when we plant seeds, they will germinate.

我們希望播下的種子能夠發芽。

It's nice to see seeds start to grow.

很高興看到種子開始生長。

It's nice to see them germinate and start to send down roots and send a stem up and the verb is to germinate.

很高興看到它們發芽，開始生根發莖，動詞就是發芽。

And we also refer to this as a sprout.

我們也稱其為萌芽。

So, a sprout is something that might be familiar to you because we eat sprouts.

所以，芽對你來說可能很熟悉，因為我們吃芽。

Um you can eat bean sprouts, you can eat sunflower sprouts, you can eat alfalfa sprouts.

嗯，你可以吃豆芽，可以吃葵花籽芽，可以吃苜蓿芽。

A sprout is when the seed has germinated and it's sent out either maybe just a root, maybe a root and a little bit of a stem but usually just that first root and then you are able to eat it maybe in a salad or something else.

發芽是指種子發芽後長出根部，也可能只有根部和一點點莖，但通常只有第一根，然後你就可以把它做成沙拉或其他東西吃了。

Very very yummy.

非常非常美味。

I like sprouts.

我喜歡芽菜。

Um Jen used to do more sprouts in our kitchen.

嗯，珍以前在我們的廚房裡做過更多的芽菜。

We had a sprouting jar.

我們有一個發芽罐。

We should probably do that more because sprouts are very very healthy.

我們也許應該更多這樣做，因為芽菜非常非常健康。

It's also a fun word to say.

這個詞說起來也很有意思。

Why don't you say it right now?

你為什麼不現在就說？

Sprout.

萌芽。

It's a fun English word to say.

這是一個很有趣的英語單詞。

So, as I mentioned, plants have different parts.

所以，正如我提到的，植物有不同的部分。

The root is the part of the plant that grows down into the soil.

根是植物向下長入土壤的部分。

So, generally, when a seed germinates, it will send out its first root and that root will go down into the soil so that the plant can get water and other nutrients from the soil in order to grow.

是以，一般來說，種子發芽後會發出第一條根，這條根會深入土壤，這樣植物就能從土壤中獲得水分和其他養分，從而生長。

So, we call it a root.

是以，我們稱之為根。

I think it has a couple other pronunciations but I say root.

我想它還有其他幾個發音，但我說的是根。

Roots are pretty cool.

樹根很酷

They actually make the soil healthier as well because they go down and they break up the soil.

實際上，它們還能讓土壤變得更健康，因為它們會向下移動並分解土壤。

There are some crops that we grow just to make the soil better because the roots help make good soil.

我們種植一些作物只是為了讓土壤變得更好，因為根系有助於形成良好的土壤。

To emerge.

浮出水面。

So, when a plant germinates and sends its first root down and then it sends its first stem up, eventually, it comes out of the ground and the verb we use is to emerge.

是以，當植物發芽並向下發出第一條根，然後向上發出第一條莖，最終，它從地下鑽出來，我們使用的動詞就是 "鑽出來"。

Plants emerge from the ground.

植物破土而出

Um when I plant crops in my big field, I'm always eager for the seeds to emerge.

嗯，當我在我的大田裡種植莊稼時，我總是迫不及待地等待種子萌發。

I'm looking forward to seeing the plants.

我很期待看到這些植物。

Sorry, the seeds don't emerge.

對不起，種子不會萌發。

I'm looking forward to seeing the plants emerge from from the ground.

我很期待看到植物破土而出。

It is a very exciting time when you see things.

當你看到這些東西時，你會感到非常興奮。

We could also use the verb to come up.

我們也可以使用動詞 "上來"。

So, it's fun to see plants come up or to emerge from the ground.

是以，看到植物生長或破土而出是一件很有趣的事情。

And then we call that a seedling.

然後，我們稱之為幼苗。

When a plant first starts to grow, that tiny little plant, that first little stem and a few leaves that come out of the uh a seedling.

當一棵植物剛開始生長時，那小小的植株、第一根小莖和幾片葉子就會從幼苗中長出來。

Um Jen in the basement because we grow flowers on our flower farm.

嗯，珍在地下室，因為我們在花卉農場種花。

She has large trays.

她的托盤很大。

She plants seeds in the soil in the tray.

她把種子種在托盤裡的土壤裡。

Eventually, it will germinate and then the seed will emerge and then we'll have a little seedling after a day or two.

最後，它就會發芽，然後種子就會萌發，一兩天後就會有一棵小樹苗。

It'll put up a stem and then a couple little leaves and we'll have these cute little seedlings.

它會長出莖幹，然後長出幾片小葉子，我們就有了這些可愛的小苗。

So, the difference between emerge and germinate.

所以，萌發和發芽是有區別的。

Germinate means the seed starts to grow underneath the ground and when you say the seed, when you say the plant emerges, it means it comes out of the ground.

發芽的意思是種子開始在地下生長，當你說種子時，當你說植物萌發時，意思是它從地下長出來。

They are very similar but scientifically, germination would be the seed takes in water and sends out its first root.

它們非常相似，但在科學上，發芽是指種子吸水併發出第一條根。

So, you might not see it yet and then eventually, it will emerge and you will see it start to grow above the ground.

是以，你可能還看不到它，但最終它會出現，你會看到它開始在地面上生長。

That would be the little difference between to emerge and to germinate.

這就是萌發和發芽之間的細微差別。

So, parts of the plant.

所以，是植物的一部分。

The stem is just that piece that doesn't have anything else happening.

莖就是那一塊，沒有其他任何東西。

It just connects the bottom of the plant to the first leaf.

它只是連接植物底部和第一片葉子。

Sorry, just have a look.

對不起，您看一下就知道了。

Oh, bumping my microphone.

哦，撞到我的麥克風了。

Just have a look here.

請看這裡。

This is the stem of this plant.

這是這種植物的莖。

If you go far enough up, you will have a the stem.

如果往上走得足夠遠，就會有一個莖。

With a tree, you might actually call the main part the trunk or you actually call the main part the trunk and then you might say stems but usually we say branches when we're talking about a tree.

對於一棵樹，你可能會把主要部分叫做樹幹，或者把主要部分叫做樹幹，然後你可能會說莖，但通常我們在談論一棵樹時會說樹枝。

Leaves of course or leaf in the singular.

當然是葉，單數為葉。

These are the green, usually green parts of a plant.

這些是植物的綠色部分，通常是綠色的。

Sometimes yellow or red or other colors.

有時是黃色、紅色或其他顏色。

This is the part of the plant that the plant makes in order to capture sunlight and I won't go into the details of what plants do with sunlight but they use sunlight in order to get energy to grow.

這是植物為了捕捉陽光而製造的部分，我不會詳細介紹植物如何利用陽光，但它們利用陽光來獲取生長所需的能量。

So, leaves are the part of the plant where sunlight can hit and the plant can grow and be strong and produce food or produce branches or produce.

是以，葉子是植物的一部分，陽光照射到葉子上，植物就能生長、茁壯，併產生食物或枝條或產品。

Let me see.

讓我看看

I'm thinking fruit or anything else that a plant produces.

我想的是水果或其他任何植物生產的東西。

This is a bud.

這是一個花蕾。

So, a bud is anything that looks like this that will become a flower or a leaf, okay?

所以，花蕾就是任何看起來像這樣的東西，它會變成花朵或葉子，明白嗎？

Generally, a bud becomes a flower but our trees right now have all little buds on them and those buds on a maple tree will open and become leaves on the tree.

一般來說，花蕾會變成花朵，但現在我們的樹上都長著小花蕾，楓樹上的這些花蕾會開放，變成樹上的葉子。

When we see a bud on one of our flowering plants, that bud usually opens and becomes a flower.

當我們看到開花植物上有一個花蕾時，這個花蕾通常就會開放，變成一朵花。

So, it's like the stage before leaves or the stage before flowers is a bud.

所以，這就像葉子之前的階段或花朵之前的階段是花蕾。

Then, of course, you have flowers.

當然，還有鮮花。

This is a beautiful dahlia or you have this which is a flower as well but we might call it a bloom.

這是一朵美麗的大麗花，或者你有這個也是一朵花，但我們可以稱它為綻放。

This is a beautiful peony.

這是一朵美麗的牡丹。

You might hear the word flower more often.

你可能會經常聽到花這個詞。

People buy flowers.

人們買花。

People love to smell flowers.

人們喜歡聞花香。

It's the colorful part of a plant that humans are very attracted to uh and bees are also very attracted to them as well.

它是植物的彩色部分，人類非常喜歡它，蜜蜂也非常喜歡它。

Bees love flowers so that they can go around and land on them and there's things with pollen and later making honey that happen.

蜜蜂喜歡花朵，這樣它們就可以在花朵上飛來飛去，採集花粉，然後釀造蜂蜜。

But we can also call it a bloom.

但我們也可以稱其為綻放。

You know, oh there's lots of nice flowers in that field.

你知道，哦，那片田裡有很多漂亮的花。

There's lots of nice blooms in that field.

那片田裡有很多漂亮的花朵。

Although flower would be the common way to describe it.

雖然 "花 "是一種常見的描述方式。

Um there's no flowers on our farm yet.

嗯，我們農場還沒有花。

There are no blooms on our farm yet.

我們的農場還沒有開花。

Uh those will be coming in a few weeks.

這些將在幾周後送到。

Okay, that's not totally true.

好吧，這也不完全正確。

There are daffodils blooming and there will be tulips blooming in a few weeks.

水仙花開了，幾周後鬱金香也會盛開。

Uh so notice that's a verb as well to bloom.

注意，"綻放 "也是一個動詞。

So, when you say the flowers are going to bloom, it means they're going to go from just having a bud to opening up and you'll see a beautiful flower.

所以，當你說花朵要綻放時，這意味著它們將從只有一個花苞變成開放，你將看到一朵美麗的花朵。

Fruit.

水果

So, fruit is something that a tree will grow.

所以，果實是樹會長出來的東西。

Um other plants have fruit as well but the most common types of fruit would be things like apples, peaches, pears.

其他植物也有果實，但最常見的果實是蘋果、桃子和梨等。

I think dates are probably a fruit.

我想，椰棗可能是一種水果。

Um I think even strawberries are considered a fruit.

嗯，我覺得草莓也算是一種水果。

They don't grow on a tree though.

但它們不是長在樹上的。

They grow on a little bush in the ground.

它們長在地裡的小灌木叢中。

Uh but fruit is generally sweet.

但水果一般都是甜的。

Fruit is generally very very yummy.

水果一般都非常非常好吃。

Um but if I go to market in the summer, one of the things I want to buy is fresh fruit.

嗯，但如果我夏天去市場，我想買的東西之一就是新鮮水果。

In our area in the summer, as you go to market like a farmer's market, it starts.

在我們這裡，一到夏天，像農貿市場這樣的集市就開始了。

Uh usually, the season starts at the end of May and the first fruit at market can sometimes be apples but they're apples from the year before that are coming out of storage.

一般來說，水果季從五月底開始，市場上的第一批水果有時可能是蘋果，但都是前一年從倉庫裡拿出來的蘋果。

So, they're not like from the tree in May or June.

所以，它們不像是五六月份從樹上摘下來的。

But we usually start to see fruit come in around July.

但我們通常會在七月左右開始看到果實。

We have peaches, apricots, nectarines, plums.

我們有桃、杏、油桃和李子。

Um eventually, we do have apples and pears in the fall.

嗯，最終，我們在秋天會有蘋果和梨。

Fruit is very very yummy and that those are some examples.

水果非常非常好吃，這些就是一些例子。

Vegetables are basically any other part of a plant that you eat.

蔬菜基本上是指植物的任何其他部分。

In fact, because this isn't a science lesson, I don't have to be specific.

事實上，因為這不是一堂科學課，所以我不必說得太具體。

There are some things that we say are vegetables in the kitchen that maybe if you looked it up online is actually a fruit but this to me would be these are all vegetables.

在廚房裡，有些我們說是蔬菜的東西，如果你上網查一下，也許它實際上是一種水果，但對我來說，這些都是蔬菜。

I'm not sure if tomatoes would actually be considered a fruit or not.

我不確定西紅柿到底算不算水果。

I don't want to get into a big argument.

我不想大動干戈。

But vegetables are things like spinach or lettuce or broccoli or cauliflower.

但蔬菜是指菠菜、生菜、西蘭花或花椰菜等。

Those are all vegetables.

這些都是蔬菜。

Uh very very very healthy for you to eat.

吃了非常非常非常健康。

Um everyone should eat a lot of vegetables.

嗯，每個人都應該多吃蔬菜。

In fact, there are a lot of different ways that people explore to be healthy.

事實上，人們探索健康的方式多種多樣。

One of the best things you can do is just eat more vegetables.

你能做的最好的事情之一就是多吃蔬菜。

I don't wanna go into the details of why that's good but vegetables are just good for you.

我不想詳細解釋為什麼蔬菜對人體有益，但蔬菜就是對人體有益。

Very good.

非常好

When you grow a lot of one kind of plant, we usually call it a crop.

當你大量種植一種植物時，我們通常稱之為作物。

So, right now, I have a wheat crop in my field.

現在，我的地裡有一茬小麥。

I have a over 30-acre field and I'm growing wheat.

我有一塊 30 多英畝的田地，正在種植小麥。

Last year, the crop I had in that field was soybeans.

去年，我在那塊地裡種的是大豆。

Next year, the crop will either be corn or soybeans.

明年，作物將是玉米或大豆。

So, when you drive out in the countryside and you see wheat fields, we call those crops.

是以，當你開車在鄉間看到麥田時，我們稱它們為莊稼。

They're growing a crop in order to harvest the crop and to sell it to people.

他們種莊稼是為了收穫莊稼，然後賣給別人。

So, this is a corn crop.

所以，這是一茬玉米。

By the way, if you're not familiar with it, we call it corn.

順便說一下，如果你不熟悉，我們叫它玉米。

It might be called maize in other countries.

在其他國家，它可能被稱為玉米。

When a farmer has a crop, they are growing that crop, okay?

農民種莊稼，就是在種莊稼，明白嗎？

And we can use crop even more broadly like Jen has a nice crop of flowers.

我們還可以更廣泛地使用 "作物"，比如珍有一茬漂亮的花。

Um we grow flowers.

嗯，我們種花。

I'm growing wheat.

我在種小麥

We grow corn sometimes.

我們有時也種玉米。

I also grow uh hay for cows and goats to eat.

我還種植乾草，供奶牛和山羊食用。

So, this is the general term for humans.

是以，這是人類的統稱。

Um planting seeds, allowing them to grow, and harvesting them.

播種、生長、收穫。

You just use the verb to grow.

你只需使用 "成長 "這個動詞。

And then when they're all done growing, you harvest them.

等它們長成後，就可以收割了。

So, this is called a combine.

是以，這就是所謂的聯合收割機。

In my part of Canada, we call this machine a combine.

在我所在的加拿大，我們稱這種機器為聯合收割機。

It is a large machine that can drive and it takes the crop into itself and takes the part out, usually the seed, and puts it in the bin on the top and then the rest of the plant.

它是一種可以驅動的大型機器，可以將作物放入自己的機器中，然後取出其中的一部分，通常是種子，將其放入頂部的倉中，然後再取出植物的其餘部分。

All of the stems and leaves go out the back.

所有的莖葉都從後面運走。

But there are many ways to harvest.

但收穫的方式有很多種。

You can harvest by hand.

您可以手工收割。

You can harvest with a big machine like this combine.

你可以用像這臺聯合收割機這樣的大型機器收割。

You can harvest with maybe just um a bunch of workers with knives cutting broccoli out of the field.

你可以用一群工人拿著刀從田裡割西蘭花來收穫。

Uh lots of ways to harvest crops when they are ready uh to be um sold.

當作物準備好出售時，有很多方法可以收穫它們。

So, when you grow vegetables at home, we call that a garden.

是以，在家裡種植蔬菜，我們稱之為 "花園"。

So, some people have a small piece of land, a soil so that it's good for growing things and they might have a small garden.

是以，有些人有一小塊土地，土壤適合種植植物，他們可能會有一個小花園。

Um if you grow flowers though, we usually call it a flower bed.

嗯，如果你種花，我們通常稱之為花壇。

Um I'm not sure why.

我也不知道為什麼。