but it's the wealthiest country in Asia

但它卻是亞洲最富有的國家

and one of the richest in the world.

也是世界上最富有的國家之一。

Its GDP per capita itself has surpassed the likes of the UK,

其人均 GDP 已超過英國等國、

the US, France and other developed countries.

美國、法國和其他發達國家。

Over six decades,

六十多年來

Singapore has transformed itself from a colonial trading port

新加坡已從殖民地時期的貿易港口

to a buzzing financial center that's envied the world over.

到全世界都羨慕的熱鬧金融中心。

And it's held up as an example for any country

並將其作為任何國家的榜樣

seeking to grow a robust, high-tech economy.

尋求發展強勁的高科技經濟。

Its wealth is the product of decades of planning

它的財富是幾十年規劃的產物

by a party that's been in power since independence.

由一個自獨立以來一直掌權的政黨執政。

So what's Singapore's formula for success?

那麼，新加坡的成功之道是什麼呢？

And as its leadership changes for the first time in 20 years,

這也是該組織 20 年來首次更換領導層、

can it continue to prosper?

它能繼續繁榮嗎？

When Singapore became independent in 1965,

1965 年，新加坡獨立、

the first prime minister, Lee Kuan Yew, and other founding leaders

首任總理李光耀和其他創始領導人

recognized it had an economic problem:

它認識到了自己的經濟問題：

It had no natural resources.

它沒有自然資源。

So if they wanted to develop an export-led economy

是以，如果他們想發展出口導向型經濟

and attract foreign capital,

並吸引外國資本、

they would need to build up the country's manufacturing industry.

他們需要建立國家的製造業。

Its location gave it an edge.

它所處的地理位置使其更具優勢。

It has access to the Strait of Malacca, to the Indian Ocean,

它可以通往馬六甲海峽和印度洋、

to the South China Sea, which makes it a pivotal shipping hub.

它通往中國南海，是一個舉足輕重的航運樞紐。

So it did this initially by transforming Singapore into a manufacturing base

是以，它最初的做法是將新加坡改造成一個製造業基地

with a focus on labor-intensive industry at first

起初側重於勞動密集型產業

to wipe out the high unemployment.

以消除高失業率。

But Lee only ever intended manufacturing

但李小龍只打算製造

as a stepping stone to a more developed economy.

作為通向更發達經濟的墊腳石。

He laid the fundamentals, which is a solid financial

他奠定了堅實的財務基礎

and legal system, stable and largely clean government,

和法律制度，政府穩定且基本廉潔、

making sure that the public transport system is efficient,

確保公共交通系統的效率、

has world-class health care infrastructure.

擁有世界一流的醫療保健基礎設施。

In the 1980s,

20 世紀 80 年代

Lee started laying the groundwork for what is now

李開始為現在的

Singapore's biggest source of wealth, finance.

新加坡最大的財富來源--金融。

Following the lead of places like the US and UK,

效仿美國和英國等地的做法、

he liberalized the financial services industry with lighter touch regulation.

他放寬了對金融服務業的監管。

The legacy of that approach is evident today.

如今，這種做法的影響顯而易見。

4200 multinational companies have regional headquarters here.

4200 家跨國公司在這裡設立了地區總部。

Low taxes are a big reason for that.

低稅率是一個重要原因。

Singapore's corporate tax rate is just 17%

新加坡的企業稅率僅為 17

and can hit 13.5% or lower for some activities.

在某些活動中可能達到 13.5% 或更低。

That's also because Lee's successor, Goh Chok Tong,

這也是因為李的繼任者吳作棟、

continued to lean into attracting big business.

繼續傾力吸引大企業。

Singapore shifted emphasis to a knowledge-based economy

新加坡將重點轉向知識型經濟

that relies more on creativity and growing Singapore's entrepreneurs.

更依賴於創造力和新加坡企業家的成長。

In 2004, Lee Hsien Loong, Lee Kuan Yew's eldest son,

2004 年，李光耀的長子李顯龍、

took over the premiership.

接管了總理職位。

And he realized to retain the flow of businesses and wealth,

他意識到要留住企業和財富的流動、

it needed to be an even more attractive place to live in.

它需要成為一個更具吸引力的居住地。

With its prime location,

地理位置優越、

Singapore had to become a destination in itself.

新加坡本身必須成為一個目的地。

That's been key to Singapore success.

這是新加坡成功的關鍵。

It had embarked on an ambitious land reclamation project in the 1970s.

它在 20 世紀 70 年代開始實施一項雄心勃勃的土地開墾項目。

Over the years,

多年來

that space was filled with not just offices and apartment buildings,

那片空間裡不僅有辦公樓和公寓樓、

but entertainment hubs, changing the city skyline in the process.

但娛樂中心，並在此過程中改變了城市的天際線。

One example was bringing in the F1 night race.

其中一個例子就是引入 F1 夜賽。

The government also welcomed casinos or

政府還歡迎開設賭場或

integrated resorts, as they're called in Singapore.

新加坡稱之為綜合度假村。

And the timing was impeccable

時間安排無可挑剔

because the Chinese and Indian economies were booming.

因為中國和印度的經濟正在蓬勃發展。

Singapore was ideally situated to attract the region's

新加坡地理位置優越，可以吸引本地區的

ultra-wealthy, who could then enjoy the casinos and nightlife,

超級富豪們可以享受賭場和夜生活、

but also park their money.

但也要把錢停好。

The results - the total value of assets under management in Singapore

結果 - 新加坡管理的資產總值

jumped from $420 billion at the start of Lee Hsien Loong's tenure

從李顯龍上任之初的 4,200 億美元躍升至 3,000 億美元

to 3.6 trillion in 2022.

2022 年達到 3.6 萬億美元。

While Singapore has been an economic success,

雖然新加坡在經濟上取得了成功、

its leadership is criticized by some

其領導層受到一些人的責備

for the restrictions on civil liberties and the media.

對公民自由和媒體的限制。

Freedom of the press,

新聞自由、

freedom of the news media must be subordinated

新聞媒體的自由必須服從

to the overriding needs of the integrity of Singapore.

以新加坡的完整性為重。

Under Lee Kuan Yew's governance,

在李光耀的治理下、

one of the chief criticisms is that

主要責備之一是

there was this climate of fear in Singapore.

新加坡瀰漫著恐懼的氣氛。

People were afraid to criticize the government.

人們不敢責備政府。

Subsequent governments also faced criticism for maintaining a tight grip.

後來的政府也因保持嚴格控制而受到責備。

Protests are still largely illegal.

抗議活動在很大程度上仍然是非法的。

The government is defiinitely cognizant that its population is changing.

政府清楚地認識到其人口正在發生變化。

It is much more diverse.

它更加多樣化。

It is much more vocal.

它的聲音更大。

At the same time, Singapore needs to stay competitive

同時，新加坡需要保持競爭力

as other countries learn from its model of growth.

因為其他國家也在學習它的增長模式。

And climate change is becoming a threat to national security.

氣候變化正在成為對國家安全的威脅。

This is the Singapore that Lawrence Wong

這就是黃遵憲的新加坡

is inheriting as the country's new prime minister.

的新總理。

Wong, who grew up in public housing,

在公共住房中長大的 Wong、

earned praise for his leadership

他的上司能力贏得了讚譽

in the country's COVID-19 response.

在該國的 COVID-19 反應中。

He is seen as having more of a common man's touch.

在人們眼中，他更像一個普通人。

We should build on what we have today.

我們應該在今天的基礎上再接再厲。

We should affirm and reinforce what works well for Singapore.

我們應該肯定和加強對新加坡行之有效的做法。

While the People's Action Party still forms the ruling government,

雖然人民行動黨仍然是執政黨、

its popularity is declining.

其受歡迎程度正在下降。

There will be that politicking

會有政治活動

that will happen much more intensely

將更加強烈

in the years to come than there was ever before.

在未來的歲月裡，我們將比以往任何時候都更有能力。

The build-up of wealth has brought problems of its own.

財富的積累也帶來了自身的問題。

Housing prices have increased.

房價上漲。

The cost of living has gone up.

生活成本上升了。

Part of Singapore's growth model has been to attract foreign labor.

新加坡的發展模式之一就是吸引外國勞動力。

But too much foreign worker inflow raises concerns

但外籍工人流入過多引發擔憂

by the citizens that the foreigners are taking too many of the good jobs.

公民認為外國人搶走了太多的好工作。

If you just look at the numbers, inequality has been reduced,

如果只看數字，不平等現象已經減少、

but that's not how some residents feel.

但有些居民卻不這麼認為。

The country's rapidly aging population is also going

我國人口的迅速老齡化也將導致

to add pressure to workforce growth and government spending.

增加勞動力增長和政府支出的壓力。

So whether it's managing discontent

是以，無論是管理不滿情緒

or guiding Singapore's continued evolution into a tech hub,

或引導新加坡繼續發展成為科技中心、

Wong's job is to sustain the city-state's hard-earned success.

黃的工作是維持城邦來之不易的成功。