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  • "What Causes Wrinkles?"

  • How are wrinkles formed?

  • Their origin and nature is said to be "notoriously complex,"

  • but current thinking is that wrinkles occur

  • where fault lines develop in aging skin.

  • The process has been compared to an old leather glove,

  • made out of skin after all,

  • that develops creases at the joints

  • due to repetitive stress.

  • In the face, the repeated flexion

  • may be due to facial expression.

  • An 8-year longitudinal study

  • found that you can predict the pattern

  • of persistent wrinkles

  • by superimposing upon your resting face

  • the expression lines, temporary wrinkles,

  • that form when you smile.

  • Over time, the skin folding

  • caused by everyday facial expressions

  • etches the temporary grooves into permanent wrinkles.

  • See how the smile lines around the eyes at baseline

  • show up as permanent wrinkles 8 years later?

  • Given that wrinkles develop from forehead furrows

  • and expression lines from frowns and laughter,

  • one dermatology journal review on aging skin

  • offered the tongue in unwrinkled-cheek suggestion

  • of "Living alone to minimize the use of facial expressions."

  • And while you're at it you could

  • "live in space to avoid the effects of gravity."

  • However, there is a way to freeze parts of your face

  • into an expressionless mask: Botox.

  • In fact, one contraindication to getting Botox

  • is having a job that

  • "necessitates a wide range of facial expressions."

  • It's never been formally put to the test,

  • but there was a case report of a pair of identical twins,

  • one of whom who spent tens of thousands of dollars

  • getting Botox treatments across multiple areas on her face

  • a few times each year for 13 years.

  • Compared to her non-regularly injected twin,

  • she ended up with fewer imprinted facial lines.

  • A paper entitled "Sleep Wrinkles"

  • tried to make the case that wrinkles may result

  • from the skin distortion from mechanical compression

  • sleeping on your side.

  • Of course, the primary author also is a partner in a company

  • selling $160 quote-unquote "wrinkle-fighting" pillows.

  • It turns out there does not appear to be any correlation

  • between sleep position preference

  • and the appearance of wrinkles.

  • Speaking of questionable products,

  • what about topical adhesive "anti-wrinkle" pads

  • you paste to your face at night?

  • Product claims include "look up to 10-15 years younger,"

  • declaring a 70 percent reduction in wrinkles.

  • But when actually put to the test for a month

  • for crow's feet, forehead, or between-the-eye wrinkles,

  • no objective benefits were reported at all.

  • There did appear to be a placebo effect in that subjectively,

  • the study participants felt the wrinkles looked better,

  • but independent blinded evaluations

  • by facial plastic surgeons of before-and-after pictures

  • showed no significant change.

  • So what can we do to prevent wrinkling?

  • Some of it is genetics.

  • For example, having lighter skin color is a predisposing factor.

  • Among light skin tones,

  • Caucasian skin wrinkles more readily than Asian skin,

  • for which aging is more characterized

  • by pigmentation changes

  • such as freckles, blotchy patches, and liver spots.

  • Among Asian skin types,

  • Chinese women tend to have more wrinkles around their eyes

  • than Japanese women,

  • whereas Thai women tend to wrinkle more

  • in the lower half of their faces.

  • There are, however, factors we have control over.

  • For example, drier skin has also been found predictive

  • of more persistent wrinkling,

  • suggesting regular use of skin moisturizers may help.

  • When it comes to wrinkle formation,

  • it takes two to tango.

  • Wrinkles are formed by repetitive creasing

  • of aged skin.

  • Kids can scrunch their faces all they want

  • because the architecture of their skin has yet to be

  • irreparably damaged,

  • and the lack of creasing

  • is why you don't have wrinkles on your forearms

  • no matter how much sun they've soaked up.

  • Rather than immobilizing your face with Botox,

  • you can focus on preventing the underlying structural damage

  • that makes your skin susceptible.

  • This involves tobacco avoidance and regular sun protection.

  • What about safeguarding against other kinds of light?

  • From the Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering:

  • "Can light emitted from smartphone screens

  • and taking selfies cause premature aging and wrinkles?"

  • Human skin cells bathed in the light of iPhones and iPads

  • experienced an 80 to 90 percent increase in free radicals,

  • compared to shielded control cells,

  • suggesting electronic device generated light

  • "may be harmful to skin."

  • Now, on one hand, they positioned the screens

  • unrealistically close, one centimeter,

  • resulting in about 10 times the irradiance

  • compared to a reading distance of about a foot.

  • On the other hand, the skin cells were only exposed

  • for an unrealistically short time, only an hour.

  • The researchers called for future studies

  • to evaluate the impact of lower, longer doses

  • on skin outcomes such as collagen deposition.

"What Causes Wrinkles?"

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B2 中高級 美國腔

What Causes Wrinkles?

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    林宜悉 發佈於 2024 年 02 月 29 日
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