Name: 【CNN10】這座期待已久的寺廟為何令印度分裂、赴美中國公民激增 (Why this long-anticipated temple has divided India | January 23, 2024)
Uploaded: 2024-01-29T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 10 min

Hope you're off to a strong start to your day.

Let's take some good energy into this Tuesday, January 23rd and rise up.

讓我們在這個1月23日的星期二注入一些正能量，振作起來吧。

Today is the New Hampshire primary, which is the first primary election of the season.

今天是新罕布夏州初選，這是本季度的第一次初選。

Unlike what we saw in Iowa last week, which was a caucus system, New Hampshire voters will cast their ballots today as they would do with any other vote.

不同於我們上週在愛荷華州所見，那裡是一個黨內初選系統，新罕布夏州的選民今天將投票，就像對待任何其他選舉一樣。

But today, we're not getting into the latest numbers around the US election.

但今天，我們不會深入討論有關美國選舉的最新數據。

Instead, I want to focus on border security.

相反，我想把重點放在邊境安全上。

It's a heated topic lately and it's going to certainly play a major role in this year's presidential election.

這是最近的一個熱門話題，而且肯定會在今年的總統大選中扮演重要角色。

And while there are plenty of policy arguments worth discussing, today, I want to focus on one of the many groups that have been making their way to the US border: Chinese nationals.

雖然有許多值得討論的政策爭論，但今天我想聚焦於眾多正在前往美國邊境的群體之一：中國公民。

It's a group that has seen a recent spike in migration activity here in the US.

這個群體最近在美國的移民活動激增。

According to government data, more than 31,000 people from China were caught crossing illegally into the US from Mexico in the 1st 11 months of 2023.

根據政府數據，在 2023 年的前 11 個月，有超過 31,000 名中國人從墨西哥非法進入美國。

That's more than 20 times the yearly average over the previous decade.

這是過去十年年平均值的 20 多倍。

Our David Culver recently followed a few Chinese migrants to learn more about why they are choosing to make this risky journey.

本臺記者David Culver最近跟蹤採訪了幾位中國移民，進一步瞭解他們為何選擇踏上這段危險的旅程。

If crossing the US Southern border is step one, then step two for these Chinese migrants might just be even more daunting.

如果說穿越美國南部邊境是第一步，那麼對於這些中國移民來說，第二步可能更加艱鉅。

How is it now that you're in the United States?

你覺得現在在美國境內感受如何？

Even as Border Patrol handcuffs and leads them onto buses to be processed, where they go from here and who helps them along the way might surprise you.

即使邊境巡邏隊用手銬將他們帶上巴士進行處理，他們接下來要去哪裡，以及誰在途中幫助他們，可能會讓你感到意外。

We're going to go down to the basement here. He said he's got a couple of rooms.

我們要到地下室去。他說有幾個房間。

From Southern California to New York, we meet dozens of Chinese migrants who've taken near identical paths to get to the U.S.

從南加州到紐約，我們遇到了數十名中國移民，他們採取了幾乎相同的路徑來到美國。

And you expect more to come? - Yes, maybe five.

你期待著更多的人到來？- 是的，也許是五人。

Oh, maybe put in another bed, do you think? - Yes.

哦，也許再放一張床，是嗎？- 是的。

Community leader Ma Ju tours me through the many rooms of this Flushing house where he hosts migrants from China.

社群領袖 Ma Ju 帶我參觀這座法拉盛房屋的眾多房間，他在這裡接待來自中國的移民。

Muslim. - Muslim, all under one roof? - Yeah.

穆斯林。- 穆斯林，都在同一個屋簷下？- 對。

Behind each door, we find a different story.

在每扇門的背後，我們發現了一個不同的故事。

It's your daughter and where is she right now?

這是你的女兒，她現在在哪裡？

Does it surprise you that we're seeing such a surge in Chinese migrants coming to the US?

中國移民赴美人數激增，你對此感到驚訝嗎？

But Ma stresses that this goes beyond politics and economics. Coming to the U.S. is their way of seeking dignity, he says.

但馬強調這超越政治和經濟。他說，來到美國是他們尋求尊嚴的方式。

Ye Chengxiang is seeking that dignity for his wife and their two young daughters.

Ye Chengxiang 正在為他的妻子和兩個年幼的女兒尋求這種尊嚴。

He says the Chinese Communist Party's crackdowns on faith, especially towards Muslims, motivated him to leave.

他表示，中國共產黨對信仰的打壓，特別是對穆斯林的打壓，促使他離開。

To me, he says, the U.S. has felt like a soft, warm embrace.

對我來說，他說，美國感覺就像是一種柔軟、溫暖的擁抱。

While some feel hope, there are those like 28-year-old Zheng Shiqing, who feel mounting pressure to find work.

雖然有些人感到希望，但像28歲的Zheng Shiqing這樣的人感受到越來越大的壓力，需要找到工作。

He crossed into the U.S. a few weeks ago and is eager to repay money he borrowed from family and friends to make the trek.

他幾週前越境來到美國，迫切希望還清他向家人和朋友借的錢，以完成這次旅程。

There's an army of migrants marching north, he tells me.

他告訴我，有一支由移民組成的隊伍正在向北行進。

It is going to be so competitive to get a job.

他告訴我，現在找工作競爭非常激烈。

He sees the migration influx as added career competition.

他認為移民潮增加了職業競爭。

He looks to those who've come before him, like Wang Qun, in the U.S. now for more than a year and a half.

他瞭望著那些在他之前來到美國的人，比如Wang Qun，現在已經在美國超過一年半。

After flying to Ecuador in the spring of 2022, Wang then rode motorcycles, buses, and boats to get to the U.S.-Mexico border, eventually making it to Los Angeles with a dream to become a truck driver.

在2022年春季飛往厄瓜多爾後，Wang乘坐摩托車、巴士和船隻來到美墨邊界，最終實現了他的夢想，抵達洛杉磯，希望成為一名卡車司機。

Where do things now stand for you legally here?

在法律方面，你現在在這裡的處境如何？

Wang tells me today he is part of the overwhelming backlog of U.S. asylum cases.

王告訴我，他如今是美國庇護申請案件中壓倒性的積壓之一。

But it's not stopped him from building a life here.

但這並沒有阻止他在這裡建立自己的生活。

I've got a work permit, driver's license, and social security number, he tells me.

我有工作許可證、駕照和社會保險號。

此外，我們努力工作並支付稅款。

While Wang is waiting to plead his asylum case in court, he's now legally working as a truck driver.

雖然王正在等待在法庭上提出庇護申請，但他現在已經合法地成為一名卡車司機。

他的重心？專注在前方的道路上。

Yet, behind him, there are thousands from China and elsewhere determined to reach their American dream.

然而，在他身後，有成千上萬來自中國和其他地方的人，他們決心實現自己的美國夢。

India's Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, presided over the inauguration of a newly built Hindu temple in the city of Ayodhya.

印度總理納倫德拉·莫迪主持了在阿約提亞市新建的印度教寺廟的啟用典禮。

But, it's coming under controversy, as critics say, this temple was constructed on the site of a 16th Century mosque destroyed by Hindu nationalists in the early 90s.

然而，這引起了爭議，批評者表示，這座寺廟是建在上個世紀九十年代初由印度教民族主義者摧毀的一座16世紀清真寺的址上。

CNN's Vedika Sud has more for us from India.

CNN的維迪卡·蘇德在印度我們提供了更多資訊。

This temple near in completion in India's holy city of Ayodhya has divided the nation.

這座即將完成的寺廟位於印度的聖城阿約提亞，已經在國內引起了分歧。

Built on contested land, the construction of the Ram Mandir is said to have cost about $180 million and is seen as a political win for Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

建在有爭議的土地上，拉姆曼德爾的建造據說花費約1.8億美元，被視為印度總理納倫德拉·莫迪的政治勝利。

It's also widely expected to help him secure historic third term in office later this year.

人們普遍預期這也將有助於他在今年晚些時候獲得歷史性的第三個任期。

But why are these 1.12 hectares of land so controversial?

為什麼這1.12公頃的土地如此具有爭議性呢？

To understand, we need to go back hundreds of years.

為了理解，我們需要回溯數百年前。

In the 16th Century, the land was home to a mosque, the Babri Masjid.

在16世紀，這片土地上有一座清真寺，名為巴布里清真寺。

But Hindus believed this site is where Lord Ram, one of the most irrefutable deities in Hinduism, was born.

但印度教徒相信這個地點是濱濱教中最無可爭議的神祇之一——拉姆神的出生地。

They say the mosque was built on the ruins of an old Hindu temple.

他們聲稱這座清真寺是建在一座古老印度教寺廟的廢墟上。

As the dispute escalated, in the 19th Century, authorities sealed the mosque to both Muslims and Hindus.

隨著爭端升級，19世紀時，當局封鎖了這座清真寺，禁止穆斯林和印度教徒進入。

In the early 1980s, a group of Hindu nationalist organizations, which include in Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party, started a movement to build a new temple at the site.

在1980年代初，一群印度教民族主義組織，其中包括莫迪所在的印度人民黨，開始了在這個地點建造新寺廟的運動。

A campaign which stirred strong emotions in India ramped up in 1989.

這場在印度引起強烈情感的運動在1989年加劇。

The issue is credited with helping the BJP win more than half the seats in the 1991 state elections in India's most significant Hindu vote base, Uttar Pradesh.

這個問題被認為是幫助印度人民黨在1991年的邦選舉中贏得了印度最重要的印度教選民基地——北方邦——超過一半的席位的原因之一。

One year later, right-wing Hindu mobs stormed the site and demolished the mosque.

一年後，右翼印度教暴民襲擊了這個地點，並拆毀了清真寺。

It sparked some of the worst violence in India since its independence, with more than 2,000 people killed in riots around the country.

這引發了印度自獨立以來一些最嚴重的暴力事件，全國各地的騷亂中有超過2,000人喪生。

In 2019, after decades of legal battles, India's Supreme Court issued a ruling that said the destruction of the Islamic structure was an egregious violation of the rule of law,

在經過數十年的法律爭議後，2019年，印度最高法院裁定，破壞伊斯蘭建築是對法治的嚴重違反。

but granted Hindu groups permission to build a temple there while giving the Muslim community another plot of land, officially ending the dispute.

但同時允許印度教團體在那裡建造一座寺廟，並給予穆斯林社區另一塊土地，正式結束爭端。

But the ruling was seen as a blow towards India's Muslim minority, many of whom say the government sees them as second-class citizens.

但這一裁決被視為對印度穆斯林少數群體的一次打擊，其中許多人表示政府將他們視為二等公民。

A few months later, Modi laid the foundation stone for the Ram Mandir.

幾個月後，莫迪奠下了拉姆曼德爾的奠基石。

Since then, the city of Ayodhya itself has undergone a full infrastructural makeover.

自那時以來，阿約提亞市本身經歷了完整的基礎設施改造。

It has a new airport and its roads, railways and other historical sites have been revamped.

它擁有一座新機場，其道路、鐵路和其他歷史遺址也經歷了翻新。

Pop quiz hot shot, at what temperature does water freeze? Zero degrees Fahrenheit, 21 degrees, 32 degrees, 45 degrees Fahrenheit?\

水在什麼溫度下結冰？零華氏度 21 32 45 華氏度。

If you said 32 degrees Fahrenheit, put your mittens up. Anytime the temperature drops below this line, liquid water will begin to turn to ice.

如果你說的是華氏32度，舉起你的手套。任何時候溫度低於這個溫度線，液態水就會開始凝結成冰。

Inspiration struck for photographer Joe Chowaniec when temperatures in Alberta, Canada fell close to 50 degrees below zero.

在加拿大艾伯塔省的溫度降至零下約50度以下時，攝影師喬·喬維內克受到了靈感的啟發。

This frozen in time series captures what it looks like when cold weather keeps creative folks all cooped up.  CNN's Jeanne Moos has more.

這個被時間凍結的系列作品捕捉了當寒冷的天氣讓創意人士都被困在室內時的情景。CNN的吉恩·穆斯有更多報導。

When it's 40 or 50 degrees below zero, you can't blame a guy for taking boiling water and blowing off a little steam, watching it instantly turn into snow and ice.

當溫度降到零下40或50度時，你不能怪一個人拿著沸騰的水，發洩一點蒸汽，看著它立即變成雪和冰。

But Photographer Joe Chowaniec of Alberta, Canada got a kick out of seeing what other people did.

但加拿大艾伯塔省的攝影師喬·喬維內克看到其他人的做法感到很有趣。

How cold is it? Cold enough to use a banana to pound a nail.

有多冷呢？冷到可以用香蕉來敲一根釘子。

Cold enough to beat a frozen shirt like a drum.

冷到可以像敲鼓一樣敲打一件冰凍的衣服。

冷到可以把牛仔褲變成衝撞錘。

So Joe decided to do his own game of, you froze your what off?

因此，喬決定玩自己的「你冰凍了什麼？」遊戲。

The next one was the plate of ramen noodles.

In 60 seconds, the boiled noodles were frozen stiff.

60 秒內煮好的麵條凍得硬邦邦的。

Frozen in time. The frozen in time series I guess I'm calling it.

凍結在時間中。我想我稱之為「凍結在時間中」系列。

The next experiment involved placing an egg on a couple of straws and cracking it open.

接下來的實驗將一顆蛋放在幾根吸管上，然後打破它。

Forget hard boiled, we're talking frozen solid.

別說煮熟了，這蛋根本完全變冷凍的。

My neighbors were looking out the window and thought I was crazy.

鄰居們都從窗戶往外看，以為我瘋了。

And finally there was something charming.

Make that Charmin about what the severe cold did to toilet paper.

讓我們來看看嚴寒對衛生紙的影響。

People could make the best of the conditions they're in.

人們可以充分利用他們所處的條件。

All right, we couldn't leave you today without my favorite part of the show. Giving shout outs to all of you who make our show the best 10 minutes in news.

沒有我節目中最喜歡的部分我是不會跟你們說再見的。我要向所有使我們的節目成為新聞界最佳 10 分鐘的人表示敬意。

Groveton High School in Groveton, New Hampshire, fly Eagles, fly.

新罕布夏州格羅夫頓的格羅夫頓高中，飛鷹隊，飛翔吧。

And this shout out goes to our friends to the north in Anchorage, Alaska, Clark Middle School.

然後我們要致敬我們阿拉斯加安克雷奇北部克拉克中學的朋友們的。