Borderline Personality Disorder is a mental health condition characterized by a distorted self-image, along with difficulties regulating emotions and maintaining relationships.

邊緣性人格障礙是一種心理健康疾病，其特徵是自我形象扭曲，以及調節情緒和維持人際關係的困難。

It affects around 1% -2% of all adults.

它影響了大約 1% -2% 的成年人。

Like all mental health disorders, it is considered to be on a spectrum, meaning that it can manifest in all sorts of ways, ranging from regular outbursts of anger to severe forms of self-harm.

與所有精神疾病一樣，它被認為是一個譜系，這意味著它可以以各種方式表現出來，從定期爆發憤怒到嚴重的自殘形式。

The causes of BPD aren't fully understood, also because it goes hand in hand with addiction, other mental health issues and eating disorders.

邊緣性人格障礙的原因尚不完全清楚，也因為它與成癮、其他心理健康問題和飲食失調密切相關。

Environmental factors, such as a childhood of neglect and abuse seem to play a role, but so may genetics.

環境因素，例如童年時期的忽視和虐待似乎起了一定作用，但遺傳因素也可能起到一定作用。

Since science has not yet been able to find any biological evidence to diagnose mental disorders, we have to turn to symptoms to see if someone may have BPD.

由於科學尚未找到任何生物學證據來診斷精神障礙，因此我們必須根據症狀來判斷某人是否患有邊緣性人格障礙。

To illustrate this, meet Alex.

為了說明這一點，來見見亞歷克斯。

Alex is a 20-year-old college boy who has always been sensitive, but lately also feels isolated and extremely emotional.

亞歷克斯是一名 20 歲的大學生，他一直很敏感，但最近也覺得孤立無援，情緒極度激動。

He experiences five symptoms that are often associated with the condition.

他經常出現五種相關症狀。

Alex experiences rapid changes in self-identity.

亞歷克斯經歷了自我身份的迅速轉變。

In a single day, he can go from feeling godlike to feeling worthless.

在一天之內，他能從覺得自己是神到變得一文不值。

And in a crisis, he changes from one personality to another.

處在危機中，他從一種性格變為另一種性格。

This is when he goes through  moments of dissociation, where he feels detached from his body — with no sense of self at all.

這是他經歷分離的時刻，他感到與自己的身體分離——完全沒有自我意識。

Alex has what's known as a distorted self-image.

亞歷克斯有一種所謂的「扭曲的自我形象」。

He experiences intense and unstable emotions.

他的情緒激烈而不穩定。

The smallest setbacks can send his mind spiraling out of control and make him end friendships in an instant.

最小的挫折都會讓他的思想失控，讓他瞬間結束友誼。

Every emotion he feels, he feels intensely.

他所感受到的每一種情緒，他都能強烈地感受到。

Joy becomes euphoria and sadness turns into depression.

喜悅變成亢奮，悲傷變成憂鬱。

This emotional rollercoaster leaves him exhausted — that is when he dissociates.

這種情緒上的過山車讓他精疲力竭——那就是他精神分裂的時候。

He struggles with Impulsiveness.

他與衝動作鬥爭。

When talking to his friends, Alex often feels misunderstood.

與朋友交談時，亞歷克斯經常感到被誤解。

With close to no self-control, he starts shouting or lashing out.

他幾乎無法自控，開始大喊大叫或發洩。

Later, he feels ashamed.

事後，他感到羞愧。

To cope, he eats, does drugs, or turns violent — often against himself.

為了應對這種情況，他會吃東西、吸毒，或變得暴力──常常是針對自己。

He has an intense fear of abandonment.

他對被遺棄有強烈的恐懼感。

When his girlfriend cancels their date at the last minute, he breaks up with her, and a few minutes later bombards her with texts, asking for forgiveness.

當他的女朋友在最後一刻取消約會時，他與她分手，幾分鐘後用短信轟炸她，請求原諒。

He is constantly worried she will leave him, and demands impossibly high  standards of reassurance.

他一直擔心她會離開他，並要求對方做到令人難以置信的高標準的保證。

All of this leads to unstable relationships.

這些都會導致不穩定的人際關係。

When Alex fears he will be abandoned, he hurts his friends for no obvious reason.

當亞歷克斯擔心自己會被拋棄時，他就會無緣無故地傷害自己的朋友。

By pushing others away he thinks he can avoid being pushed away himself.

他認為推開別人就能避免自己被推開。

He later feels ashamed and promises to change.

事後他會感到羞愧並承諾改過自新。

After an intense period of paranoia, Alex wants to drop out of college, which at this point is pretty much the only stable thing left in his life.

經過一段強烈的偏執期後，亞歷克斯想從大學退學，此時這幾乎是他生命中唯一穩定的事。

It's then that his best friend asks him to seek help.

就在這時，他最好的朋友讓他尋求幫助。

When Alex speaks to a professional, he learns about BPD and that the typical treatments are forms of psychotherapy - like CBT - cognitive behavioral therapy, DBT - dialectical-behavioral therapy or MBT - mentalization based therapy.

當 Alex 與專業人士交談時，他了解到 BPD 以及典型的治療方法是心理治療的形式，例如 CBT（認知行為療法）、DBT（辯證行為療法）或 MBT（基於心理化的療法）。

The psychiatrist also explains that in some cases patients take medication, such as mood stabilizers.

精神科醫生也解釋說，在某些情況下，患者會服用藥物，例如情緒穩定劑。

This can be important as over 50% of adolescents that attempt to take their lives are diagnosed with borderline personality disorder.

這一點很重要，因為超過 50% 試圖自殺的青少年被診斷出患有邊緣型人格障礙。

Understanding his condition is a relief — at least he knows he's not alone.

了解他的病情讓他鬆了一口氣——至少他知道自己並不孤單。

What do you think?

你怎麼看？

What can we do to help people with BPD?

我們能為患有 BPD 的人做些什麼？

Please share your thoughts or your own experiences with this condition in the comments below.

請在下面的評論中分享您的想法或自己的經驗。

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如果您覺得這對您有幫助，請查看我們的其他影片並訂閱。

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如果您想支持我們的作品，請登錄 patreon.com/sprouts 加入我們。

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欲瞭解更多資訊和其他內容，請訪問 sproutsschools.com。