The world's richest are damaging the planet more than any other group of people.

世界上最富有的人對地球的破壞比任何其他人群都要嚴重。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English where we help you understand news headlines in English. I'm Neil.

這是 BBC Learning English 的新聞評論節目，我們將幫助你用英語理解新聞標題。我是 Neil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn all the vocabulary you need to talk about this story and to understand more about the world in English.

請務必你看到影片最後，以學習談論這個故事所需的所有詞彙，並更多地了解英語世界。

Don't forget to subscribe to our channel.

別忘了訂閱我們的頻道。

Now the story.

現在開始故事。

The richest 1% of people create the same amount of carbon as the poorest two-thirds in the world.

最富有的 1% 的人產生的碳量與世界上最貧窮的三分之二的人產生的碳量相同。

That's according to data published in a new report by charity Oxfam.

這是根據慈善機構樂施會在一份新報告中發布的數據得出的。

It found that the lifestyles of the wealthy such as taking frequent flights and eating out in restaurants are closely connected to climate change.

研究發現，富人的生活方式，如頻繁搭乘飛機和外出用餐，與氣候變遷密切相關。

Oxfam's chief called for world leaders to end the era of extreme wealth.

樂施會主席呼籲世界領導人結束極端財富時代。

You've been looking at the headlines, Beth, what's the vocabulary people need to understand this story in English?

你一直在看頭條新聞，Beth，人們需要哪些詞彙才能理解這個英語故事？

We have "well-off," "plundering," and "clean up their acts."

我們要學習「富有的」、「掠奪」和「改邪歸正」。

This is News Review from BBC learning English.

這是 BBC learning English 的新聞評論節目。

Let's have a look at our first headline.

讓我們來看看第一個標題。

This is from the Guardian: Restaurants, pets and holidays: how UK's well-off have outsized carbon footprints.

這來自《衛報》：餐廳、寵物與假期：英國富人如何產生巨大的碳足跡。

So this headline is saying that the UK's well-off have outsized carbon footprint. Outsize means too big.

所以這個標題是說英國富裕階層的碳足跡龐大。 Outsize 意味著太大。

And your carbon footprint is the impact you have personally on the environment.

碳足跡是ㄧ個人對環境的影響。

But we are looking at the word "well-off."

但我們要看到詞是「富有的」一詞。

We are, and well-off means rich and it's an adjective. It might look like a phrasal verb because it has two parts and that second part is off, but it's an adjective.

沒錯，well-off 的意思是富有的，它是一個形容詞。 它可能看起來像一個短語動詞，因為它有兩個部分，而第二部分是 off，但它是一個形容詞。

Now, this headline says that the well-off, that's the rich and wealthy are having a worse impact on the environment.

現在，這個標題說，富裕的人，即富人，對環境造成了更嚴重的影響。

We have these words, rich and wealthy already.

我們已經有了「rich」和「wealthy」這兩個詞。

So why do we need well-off?

那麼，我們為什麼需要「well-off」？

What's the difference?

有什麼區別？

Well, it's a bit softer and it sounds more polite than rich, which isn't always a positive thing.

它比較柔和一點，聽起來比 rich 更有禮貌，因為 rich 這個字並不總是正面的事情。

And a similar but even softer way of saying well-off is comfortable.

一種類似但更柔和的說法是「comfortable 富足的」。

That's a word you already know.

這個詞你已經知道了。

But it's a slightly different meaning here.

但這裡的含義略有不同。

Yes.

是的。

And then the other extreme is this word loaded.

而另一個極端的詞是「loaded 有錢的」。

It means extremely well-off, extremely rich.

意思是非常富裕，非常富有。

And it's not that polite.

而且也沒那麼禮貌。

It's very direct.

非常直接。

Let's look at that again.

讓我們再看一遍。

Let's have our next headline.

我們來看看下一個標題。

This is from the Washington Post: World's richest 1% 'plundering' the planet, Oxfam report says.

這是來自《華盛頓郵報》：樂施會報告稱，世界上最富有的 1% 人正在「掠奪」地球。

We're looking at the word "plundering."

我們要學習「掠奪」這個詞。

Now, Beth, when I hear this word plundering, I think of thieves or pirates stealing things, treasure.

Beth，當我聽到這個詞時，我想到的是小偷或海盜偷東西、寶藏。

Well, yeah, that's right.

嗯，是的，沒錯。

The literal meaning of plunder is taking things that don't belong to you by force.

掠奪字面上的意思是用武力奪取不屬於自己的東西。

Now, in this headline, the richest are plundering the planet.

在這個標題下，最富有的人正在掠奪地球。

So Neil, does that mean that the richest are stealing things by force?

那麼，Neil，這意思是最富有的人在用武力偷東西嗎？

Well, not exactly, but by choosing the word plunder, the writer is suggesting that what the rich are doing is wrong.

不完全是，選擇了「掠奪」這個詞，是因為作者想要者表達「富人的做法是錯誤」。

The sense is that they are using resources that actually should be shared more equally amongst people.

其意義在於，他們使用的資源實際上應該在人們之間更平等地共享。

And that word plunder, they actually took from the Oxfam report to support their opinion.

而「掠奪」這個詞，他們其實是從樂施會的報告中引用來支持他們的觀點的。

What other words for steal can we use?

我們還可以用什麼詞來形容偷竊？

Well, there's nick and pinch.

有「nick 偷」和「pinch 偷竊」。

They're both a bit informal, though.

不過它們都有點口語。

Has anyone ever nicked your phone?

有人偷過你的手機嗎？

No, nobody has ever nicked my phone.

沒有，沒人偷過我的手機。

But, it looks like someone is trying to pinch my wallet, Beth.

不過，好像有人想偷我的錢包，Beth。

Let's look at that again.

讓我們再看一遍。

Let's have our next headline.

我們來看看下一個標題。

This is from the Herald: Yousaf urged to use budgets for richest Scots to "clean up their acts."

這是來自《Herald》：尤沙夫被敦促利用最富裕蘇格蘭人的預算來「改正其行為」。

So campaigners in Scotland want the richest to clean up their act, and "clean up their act" is the expression that we're looking at.

蘇格蘭的活動人士希望最富有的人能夠改正他們的行為，而「改正他們的行為」正是我們正在關注的表達方式。

This word, act, I recognize from the theater like Shakespeare. "To be or not to be."

「表演」這個詞，我從莎士比亞的戲劇中認識到。 「生存還是毀滅。」

No, no stop, stop.

不，不，停下，停下。

That's not the act we're talking about here.

我們現在說的不是這種 act。

Here, act means behavior, and clean up your act means make your behavior better, improve it.

這裡，act 指的是「行為表現」，「改正你的行為」就是改善你的行為表現。

Yes.

是的。

And although the expression has the word clean in it, it's not really about cleaning.

雖然這句話裡有「清理」這個詞，但它並不是真正意義上的清潔。

It means to improve.

它意味著改進。

So the campaigners want the rich.

所以，活動者想要富人...

So the campaigners want the rich to do better when it comes to climate change.

所以活動者希望富人在氣候變化問題上做得更好。

I was going to say that. That's my line. You need to clean up your act.

我正要說。這是我的臺詞椰。你需要「改正你的行為」。

I really do.

我確實需要。

Let's look at that again.

讓我們再看一遍。

We've had "well-off"- rich.

我們學習了well-off ：有錢的。

"Plundering" - taking what doesn't belong to you.

掠奪：奪走不屬於自己的東西。

And clean up their act - improve their behavior.

「改正行為」：改善自己的行為。

Now, if you enjoyed this episode and want to learn more about this topic, watch this episode of News Review where we asked can flying ever be green.

如果你喜歡這一集並想更深入了解這個主題，觀看一下我們探討了飛行是否能夠實現環保的問題的新聞回顧節目。

And click here to subscribe to our channel, so you never miss another video.

這樣你就不會錯過任何影片了。

Thanks for joining us.

感謝你的參與。

Bye. - Bye.

再見。- 再見。