This is News Review from BBC Learning English. I'm Beth.

這是 BBC Learning English 的新聞評論節目。我是 Beth。

And I'm Phil.

我是 Phil。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn all the vocabulary that you need to talk about this story.

請確保看到影片最後，以了解談論這個故事所需的所有詞彙。

And don't forget to subscribe to our channel to learn more English from the news headlines.

不要忘記訂閱我們的頻道，並從新聞頭條中了解更多英語。

Now the story.

現在開始進入故事。

There are more animals on the list of endangered species than ever before.

瀕危物種名單上的動物比以往任何時候都多。

Around 2000 more creatures have been added to the Red List of Threatened Species.

大約有 2000 多種生物被列入瀕危物種紅色名錄。

The figures were announced at COP 28, the annual International Climate conference.

這些數字是在年度國際氣候會議 COP 28 上公佈的。

Scientists say climate change is putting the planet in a biodiversity crisis.

科學家表示，氣候變遷正使地球陷入生物多樣性危機。

You've been looking at the headlines, Phil, what's the vocabulary that people need to understand this new story in English?

Phil，你一直在看頭條新聞，大家需要哪些詞彙來理解這個新的英語故事？

We have 'trickle, 'captives,' and 'tipping point.'

我們要學「細流」、「俘虜」和「臨界點」。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是 BBC Learning English 的新聞評論節目。

Let's have a look now at our first headline.

現在讓我們來看看我們的第一個標題。

This is from The Conversation. Climate change: if warming approaches 2°C, a trickle of extinctions will become a flood.

這是來自《The Conversation》。 氣候變遷：如果氣溫升高接近2°C，少量的物種滅絕將如洪水般增加。

Now, this headline talks about warming, that's global warming.

現在，這個標題談論的是變暖，那就是全球暖化。

It says that if temperatures increase by two degrees, there will be even more species that could become extinct.

報導稱，如果氣溫上升兩度，將會有更多的物種滅絕。

Now, we're looking at the word 'trickle.'

現在，我們來看看「細流」這個詞。

This is related to water, isn't it?

這字跟水有關，對嗎？

Yes, it is. A trickle is a very small flow of water.

是的。 細流是非常小的水流。

So, let's think about a bath.

想想像一下洗澡。

If you've got a bath and you turn the tap a tiny little way, you'll get a trickle of water coming out of the tap.

如果你洗完澡，稍微轉動水龍頭，就會有滴水從水龍頭流出來。

Now, Beth, what would happen if you left that trickle alone for a very long time?

Beth，如果你讓水滴個不停，會發生什麼事？

Well, the water would increase, increase, increase, and flow over the top, and the bathroom would flood, and yeah, it wouldn't be good.

嗯，水會增加、增加、增加，流過頂部，浴室就會淹水，情況會變糟。

Yeah, it would become dangerous.

是的，這會變得危險。

Now, this headline is using trickle metaphorically as more species are added to the list of potential extinctions, and that's the trickle.

現在，這個標題用「細流」來比喻，因為更多的物種被加入到潛在滅絕的名單中，這就是「細流」。

It will become more dangerous for the planet. That is the flood.

這對地球來說將變得更加危險。 那就是洪水。

That's right.

沒錯。

And we do often use the word trickle metaphorically to talk about a small number of things or a little bit of something.

我們確實經常使用「細流」這個詞來比喻談論少量的事情或一點點的事情。

And it doesn't have to just be a liquid like in this headline.

而且它不一定只是像標題中那樣的液體。

Ok. Let's look at that again.

好的。再來看一次。

Let's have our next headline.

下一個標題。

This is from Euro News. Climate captives': The wins and losses of 2023's threatened species list.

這是來自《歐洲新聞》。 氣候俘虜：2023 年受威脅物種名錄的得與失。

Now we are looking at the word 'captive.' In this headline, it's in the plural form, 'captives.'

現在我們正在看「俘虜」這個詞。 在這個標題中，它是複數形式。

Phil, what do you have in that mug?

Phil，你那個馬克杯裡有什麼東西？

I've got a spider.

有一隻蜘蛛。

I captured it.

我抓住它。

It's my captive.

他是我的俘虜。

Now, a captive is something that's trapped.

俘虜式被困住的東西。

It can be a person or it can be an animal like this spider. I'll let it go now.

可以是人也可以是動物，像這隻蜘蛛。我現在放他走。

Good.

很好。

Ok. So this headline mentions climate captives.

好的。 所以這個標題提到了氣候俘虜。

Does this mean then that these animals are literally trapped because of climate change?

這是否意味著這些動物確實因為氣候變遷而被困住？

Yeah, it does.

是的沒錯。

They're physically trapped like my spider was. For example, rising sea levels mean that saltwater is traveling up rivers and that's trapping animals like frogs and salamanders who they have less space to live.

他們就像我這隻蜘蛛一樣被困住了。 例如，海平面上升意味著鹹水沿著河流逆流而上，這會困住青蛙和蠑螈等動物，它們的生存空間越來越小。

And that's why they're in danger.

這就是為什麼他們處於危險之中。

Ok. So these animals are literally trapped by climate change.

好的。 所以這些動物其實是被氣候變遷困住了。

They are climate captives.

他們是氣候俘虜。

And we can also use the word captive for people.

我們也可以用俘虜這個詞來形容人。

For example, if somebody is trapped or taken prisoner in a war, for example. Let's look at that again.

例如，如果有人在戰爭中被困或被俘虜。 讓我們再看一次。

Next headline, please.

下一個標題，謝謝。

This is from EIN Press Wire: A biodiversity tipping point as first marine fish extinction declared.

這是來自《EIN Press Wire》的報導：首次宣布海洋魚類滅絕，這是生物多樣性的臨界點。

Now this news story is also about the list of threatened species.

現在這篇新聞報道也是關於瀕危物種名單的。

It says that the world is at a biodiversity 'tipping point.'

它說世界正處於生物多樣性的「臨界點」。

Phil, can you explain 'tipping point' for us?

菲爾，你能為我們解釋一下「臨界點」嗎？

Yes. Now, it might help if we think about this visually.

好喔。如果我們從視覺上思考這個問題可能會有所幫助。

So, imagine a set of scales, and you keep putting weight onto one side of the scale.

因此，想像一下一組秤，你不斷地將重量放在秤的一側。

What's gonna happen, Beth?

Beth，會發生什麼？

Well, that side will tip over.

好吧，重的那一邊會翻倒。

Yes.

沒錯。

And that is the tipping point.

這就是臨界點。

Now, we often use this metaphorically where there's lots of small things keep happening until they reach a point where there's a big significant change.

現在，我們經常用這個比喻來形容許多小事不斷發生，直到發生重大變化。

That is the tipping point, and it's usually negative.

這就是臨界點，而且通常是負面的。

So this headline is saying that it's a critical time.

所以這個標題是在說現在是關鍵時刻。

We are at a tipping point where biodiversity is changing dramatically and for the worse.

我們正處於生物多樣性正在發生巨大變化且變得更糟的轉折點。

Yes.

沒錯。

Well, you often see this in news stories and it is often negative.

你經常在新聞報導中看到這種情況，而且通常是負面的。

You might see it in a story about inflation, for example.

例如，可能會在通貨膨脹的新聞中看到它。

You could say that prices have gone up bit by bit until it reaches a tipping point, which might be where people can't afford to buy basic things, for example.

例如，價格一點一點上漲，直到達到一個臨界點，人們可能買不起基本的東西。

That's right.

沒錯。

Ok, let's look at that one more time.

再來看一次。

We've had trickle -- a small amount which can increase.

我們學習了「細流」——少量但會增加。

Captives -- trapped people or animals.

「俘虜」－被困的人或動物。

And tipping points -- a critical time where things might suddenly change for the worse.

以及「臨界點」——事情可能突然變得更糟的關鍵時刻。

Now, if you want to learn more about the climate, click here.

現在，如果你想了解有關氣候的更多資訊，請單擊此處。

And don't forget to click here to subscribe to our channel so you never miss another video.

不要忘記點擊此處訂閱我們的頻道，這樣你就不會錯過任何其他影片。

Thanks for joining us.

感謝參與。

Bye. Bye.

掰。- 掰。