Is it that I'm a good driver because most drivers would agree with that statement regardless of where they live in the world, religion or politics.

我是一個好司機嗎？因為大多數司機都會同意這個說法，無論他們生活在世界的哪個地方，宗教或政治。

Stick around, we're going to give you five defensive driving techniques that will make you a safer, smarter driver.

繼續看下去，我們將為你提供五種防禦駕駛技巧，讓你成為更安全、更聰明的駕駛。

The most important element of defensive driving is space management.

防禦駕駛最重要的要素是空間管控。

You need to manage space around your vehicle, to the sides, to the rear, and to the front.

你需要管控車輛周圍、側面、後方和前方的空間。

And you can always, always manage space in front of your vehicle.

而且你始終可以管控車輛前方的空間。

And I know there's drivers out there that will say to me, "Oh, if I leave space in front, drivers will cut in."

我知道有些司機會對我說：「哦，如果我在前面留出空間，其他駕駛就會插隊。」

Yes, they will, but if they're cutting in, they're going faster than you, and they will only be there for a couple of seconds and then you can reclaim your space.

是的，他們會，但如果他們插話，他們的速度會比你快，而且他們只會在那裡待幾秒鐘，然後你就可以收回你的空間。

Always, always manage space in front of your vehicle,have your two to three-second following distance behind other traffic.

一定要管控好車輛前方的空間，與其他車輛保持兩到三秒的跟車距離。

And when you're stopped in traffic, always stop so you can see the tires making clear contact with the pavement.

當你在車陣中停下來時，請務必停下來，以便可以看到輪胎與路面的清晰接觸。

And when you're moving slowly in a queue, again, also never get closer to the vehicle in front of you so that, at all times, you can see the tires of the vehicle in front of you making clear contact with the pavement.

當你在車陣中緩慢移動時，也永遠不要靠近你前面的車輛，這樣你就可以始終看到前面車輛的輪胎與路面的清晰接觸。

If you manage space well, you are rarely going to get into trouble when you're driving.

如果你很好空間留得夠好，你開車時很少會遇到麻煩。

It is the most critical skill that you can have as a defensive driver, because the speed is going to take care of itself.

作為一名防禦駕駛，這是最關鍵的技能，因為速度會自然而然地發揮出來。

It's like right now, I have a two to three-second following distance in front of me behind this truck, and I'm simply doing 50 kilometers an hour which is the posted speed limit, or 30 miles an hour for those of you in the States.

就像現在，我在這輛卡車後面有兩到三秒的跟車距離，而我只以每小時 50 公里的速度行駛，這是規定的速度限制，或者對於你們在美國的人來說是每小時 30 英里。

The Smith Space Cushion System developed and founded in the 1940s by Harold Smith, indicated that if you manage space, you have a place to drive out of if you get into an emergency situation,

哈羅德·史密斯在 1940 年代開發並創立了 Smith Space Cushion System，該系統表明，如果你管控車距，那麼在遇到緊急情況時你就有地方可以逃生，

which is correct because it's faster to drive out of an emergency situation than it is to brake.

這是正確的，因為在緊急情況下開車比煞車更快。

However, roads are much, much busier than they were in the 1940s when Smith founded that system.

然而，現在的道路比 1940 年代史密斯建立該系統時要繁忙得多。

So it's now more important that you manage space in front of your vehicle so that you can come to a stop and not get into trouble in case something happens in front of you.

因此，現在更重要的是管控好車輛前方的空間，以便在前方發生意外情況時能夠停下來，不會陷入麻煩。

The definition of defensive driving is is that you are making allowances, you have skills and strategies in place that are compensating for the errors of other drivers.

防禦駕駛的定義是，你正在做出妥協，你有適當的技能和策略來彌補其他駕駛者的錯誤。

And also for when you make mistakes because we all make mistakes when we're driving, we lose attention,

而且當你犯錯時，因為我們在開車時都會犯錯，我們會失去注意力，

we get distracted by something on the side of the road or we're looking at something or whatnot.

我們會被路邊的某些東西分散注意力，或者我們正在看某些東西或其他東西。

That's why it is so important to manage space around your vehicle, to allow for the mistakes of other people and for your own mistakes that you may make when you're driving.

這就是為什麼管控車輛周圍的空間如此重要，以允許其他人以及你自己在駕駛時可能犯的錯誤。

So the most important element of defensive driving is managing space around your vehicle.

因此，防禦駕駛最重要的要素是管理車輛周圍的空間。

Tip number two is situational awareness.

第二個技巧是勢態感知。

Where am I? What is it? Who is it? What's the weather outside doing?

我在哪裡？ 它是什麼？ 那是誰？ 外面天氣怎麼樣？

What's the outside temperature?

外面溫度如何？

Where am I at the intersection?

我在交叉路口的哪裡？

I have to do a little jig-jog here 'cause I can't see past the traffic, there we go.

我必須在這裡稍微Z字型開，因為我看不到車流後面的情況，我們走吧。

So situational awareness, being aware of what's around you, being aware of intersections, pedestrians right here at the intersection, I was slowing down and backing off for them.

因此，勢態感知，了解你周圍的情況，了解十字路口，十字路口的行人，我會放慢速度並為他們後退。

I've got somebody stopped here at an alleyway.

小巷裡有人站在那。

So there's a lot going on and you need to be aware of everything that's going on.

因此，路上發生很多事情，你需要了解正在發生的一切。

And of course this vehicle in front of me didn't have the signal on, but was waiting to turn into the alley, I didn't know that, but I stay back, I relax, I don't get too close.

當然，我前面的這輛車沒有打方向燈，而他要等待轉彎進入小巷，我不知道這一點，但我待在後面，我放鬆，我不會靠得太近。

Again, even if that vehicle stopped mid-block, I still stop back so I can see the tires making clear contact with the payment.

再說一次，即使那輛車停在路中間，我仍然會停下來，這樣我就可以看到輪胎與付款清晰地接觸。

That way I'm far enough away that I'm less likely to hit something.

這樣我就離得夠遠，撞到東西的可能性就小了。

So it's observation, but it's more than seeing, it's being aware of what's going on as you're moving through the intersections.

所以這是觀察，但它不僅僅是觀察，而是當你穿過十字路口時意識到正在發生的事情。

Tip number three is what I call MIT, mapping an intersection and tracking what's going on at the intersection.

第三個技巧是我所說的 MIT 法則，繪製十字路口並追蹤十字路口發生的情況。

This dovetails well with situational awareness.

這與勢態感知非常吻合。

So I'm tracking, I've mapped the intersection.

所以我正在追蹤，我已經繪製了交叉路口。

It's a complex intersection with left-hand turning lanes, advance lights, slip lanes, pedestrians, cyclists.

這是一個複雜的十字路口，有左轉車道、提前燈、滑道、行人、騎自行車的人。

I got a cyclist over here, even in the wintertime we have cyclists riding around, so you have to be aware of that.

這裡有一個騎自行車的人，即使在冬天我們也有騎自行車的人，所以你必須注意這一點。

The pedestrian's gone, way up the sidewalk.

行人已經走掉了，到人行道上了。

Cross traffic is going through.

交叉路口的車輛正在通過。

Traffic has stopped, there's nobody behind me.

車子已經停了，我後面沒有人。

So I'm watching traffic coming up behind me at the intersection.

所以我在十字路口看著身後的交通。

Slip lane over there, I have a truck turning right, and I'm turning left.

那邊有引道，一輛卡車右轉，而我正在左轉。

So I'm watching and I'm tracking that truck.

所以我正在觀察並追蹤那輛卡車。

The truck is gone.

卡車走掉了。

I've got my advance green.

我優先綠燈。

So checking here, there's nothing here, there's no pedestrians.

所以檢查一下這裡，這裡什麼都沒有，也沒有行人。

I'm tracking that car over there because it's turning right.

我正在追蹤那邊那輛車，因為它正在右轉。

And of course the car is going to turn right in beside me.

當然，汽車會在我旁邊右轉。

So I was tracking that vehicle as I was coming around the corner through the intersection and making a left-hand turn.

因此，當我穿過十字路口並左轉時，我正在追蹤那輛車。

Same thing here, I'm tracking the red car, moving up, the car's coming to a stop, pedestrian over here on my left, vehicles coming through, I'm stopping behind the stop line.

同樣的，我正在追蹤那輛紅色汽車，往前移動，汽車即將停下來，行人在我左邊，車輛駛過，我停在停車線後面。

The pedestrian is gone.

行人走掉了。

Traffic is coming through.

車輛通過。

I cannot see what's going on over there because there's a truck sitting beside me as you can see in the dash cam.

我看不到那邊發生了什麼，因為正如你在行車記錄器中看到的那樣，我旁邊停著一輛卡車。

Vehicle on the other side of the intersection, pedestrian coming through the intersection, I'm tracking that pedestrian to figure out where that pedestrian is going.

車輛在十字路口的另一側，行人穿過十字路口，我正在追蹤該行人以弄清楚該行人要去哪裡。

MIT, mapping the intersection and tracking the road users around at the different sections of the intersection.

MIT 法則繪製了十字路口地圖並追蹤十字路口不同路段的道路使用者。

Especially those that are crossing your path of travel as you're going to move left through the intersection.

尤其是那些在你要向左穿過十字路口時橫跨你的行進路線的人。

So, clear, the pedestrian is gone.

沒問題，行人走掉了。

The vehicle has come through.

車輛通過。

I'm clear to go, shoulder check, and proceed through on the left-hand turn.

我可以走了，檢查路肩，然後在左轉彎處通過。

Vehicles coming through, there's no road users at the intersection so I'm clear to go.

車輛駛過，十字路口沒有道路使用者，所以我可以走。

I don't have to slow down, I just have to map and track the intersect.

我不必放慢速度，我只需繪製並追蹤交叉點即可。

Remember, it's important to locate the intersection, map the intersection, and track the road users that are at the intersection, especially those road users that are going to cross your path of travel because 40% of crashes occur at intersections.

請記住，定位交叉路口、繪製交叉路口地圖並追蹤交叉路口的道路使用者（尤其是那些將穿過你的行駛路徑的道路使用者）非常重要，因為 40% 的碰撞事故發生在交叉路口。

Tip number four, parking lots.

秘訣四，停車場。

If you can find a space which you can drive through into the next space so that you can drive out when you're leaving the parking lot, that is ideal.

如果你能找到一個可以駛入下一個停車位的停車位，以便你在離開停車場時可以開車出去，那是理想的選擇。

In parking lots, be sure that you go slowbecause there's lots of activity going on, especially this time of year with the holiday season and whatnot, track pedestrians, figure out where pedestrians are.

在停車場，一定要慢行，因為有很多事情會發生，尤其是每年的這個時候，在假期之類的時候，追蹤行人，找出行人在哪裡。

If you're the least bit unsure, simply stop and wait for them to pass your vehicle.

如果你有一點不確定，只需停下來等待他們經過你的車輛。

When backing out in a parking lot, be sure that you look first out the rear window before you move the vehicle, check your mirrors, check your backup camera if you have one,

在停車場倒車時，請確保在移動車輛之前先看後窗外，檢查後視鏡，檢查倒車攝影機（如果有），

but make sure that you're looking out the back window before you put the vehicle in motion.

但在啟動車輛之前，請確保你正在看後窗外。

Most bingles, smashes and bashes happen in parking lots because people put the vehicle in motion and then they look, and by then it's too late.

大多數碰撞都發生在停車場，因為人們把車開動後才看，到那時就為時已晚了。

Tip number five, and probably the most important tip, check yourself before you wreck yourself.

第五條建議，可能也是最重要的建議，三思而後行，以免害了自己。

You have to have an attitude of defensive driving that, "I'm just going to let them go and have their crash somewhere else." because people are going to cut you off.

你必須有一種防禦駕駛的態度「我會讓他們走，讓他們在別處發生車禍。」 因為人們會超你車，

There's going to be drunk drivers, there's going to be poor drivers, there's going to be bad weather.

有酒駕的，有亂開車的，也可能天氣很糟。

All of these things are going to happen when you're driving.

在你開車的時候這些事情都會發生。

They're not unpredictable.

他們不是無法預測的。

They are as predictable as that tomorrow we are going to get weather.

他們就跟明天的天氣一樣好預測。

Because the top two reasons for traffic crashes are failing to yield and following too close.

因為造成交通事故的兩大原因是沒有讓道和跟車太近。

Those two driving actions, failing to yield, failing to give way, and following too close, are simply attitudes about driving, it's your attitude towards driving.

不讓路、跟得太近這兩種駕駛行為，就是一種駕駛態度，是你對駕駛的態度。

And if you want to see the perfect film about Mr. Wheeler and Mr. Walker, a Disney character in the 1950s,

有一部 1950 年代的迪士尼角色惠勒先生和沃克先生的電影，很貼切，

that was about the very nature of the Jekyll and Hyde character that we become when we drive, have a look at that up in the corner,

我們開車時所就會變成傑基爾和海德角色的本質，看看角落裡的那個，

I'll put a card up there for you.

我會在這放上資訊卡。

They become this crazy creature, which is crazy, they follow too close, they fail to give the right of way and they believe that they have the right to go.

他們會變成這個瘋狂的生物，這太瘋狂了，他們跟得太近了，他們不讓路，他們相信自己有權利離開。

For another video, click here; to subscribe, click here.

如需查看其他影片，請按此處，訂閱請按此處。

And remember, pick the best answer, not necessarily the right answer.

請記住，選擇最佳答案，而不一定是正確答案。

Have a great day, bye now.

祝你有美好的一天，再見。

Mr. Walker owns a motor car and considers himself good driver.

沃克先生擁有一輛汽車，並認為自己是個好司機。

But once behind the wheel, a strange phenomenon takes place.

但一旦開車，奇怪的現象就會發生。

Mr. Walker is charged with an overwhelming sense of power.

沃克先生充滿了壓倒性的權力感。

His whole personality changes.

他的整個性格都改變了。

Abruptly he becomes an uncontrollable monster, a demon driver.

突然間，他變成了一個無法控制的怪物，一個惡魔駕駛。

Mr. Walker is now Mr. Wheeler.

沃克先生現在是惠勒先生。