Name: 【CNN10】毅力號持續探索火星表面、復育渡渡鳥的家鄉、耐震建築研究測試｜2023 年 5 月 23 日 (Exploring The Surface Of Mars | May 23, 2023)
Uploaded: 2023-05-29T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 10 min

Hello, everyone. It's Tuesday, and it's our last teacher time Tuesday shout-out of the year.

大家好，今天是星期二，也是我們今年的最後一次向教師致意了。

Much respect to all of you who are uplifting, informing and inspiring the next generation.

對於所有致力於鼓舞、賦予知識和激發下一代的老師們，我們深表敬意。

Students, go dap up your teachers. Give a handshake or a high five. Let them know you appreciate them.

同學們，去和你們的老師握個手或擊掌吧！讓他們明白你們的感激。

I'm Coy Wire. This is CNN 10. So grateful to be here with you.

我是 Coy Wire。這裡是 CNN 10。 非常感激能與你們同在。

Let's start today with a quick zip through some of the headlines making the news.

讓我們先從快速了解一些新聞焦點開始今天的節目吧。

First up, a devastating cyclone has rocked the Southeast Asian country of Myanmar.

首先，一場毀滅性的颱風襲擊了東南亞國家緬甸。

Cyclone Mocha, a Category 5 storm with winds of up to 195 miles per hour battered the nation, leaving entire villages wiped out, shelters destroyed and piles of debris stretching for miles,

颱風莫卡是五級風暴，風速高達每小時 195 英里，重創了該國，導致整個村莊被摧毀，避難所被破壞，延伸數英里的碎屑堆積。

is considered one of the strongest storms to ever hit Myanmar and authorities say more than 400 people have died.

這場風暴被認為是緬甸有史以來最強烈的風暴之一，當局表示已有 400 多人死亡。

According to U.N.'s humanitarian office, clean water supplies and fuel are running low, and there is (a) critical need for shelters, food medicine, and health care services.

根據聯合國人道事務辦公室的資料，乾淨的水源和燃料供應不足，目前急需避難所、食物、藥品和醫療服務。

Thoughts and prayers for the people there.

我們對當地的人民表示關懷和祈禱。

Next, we go to Europe, where the European Union regulators have fined social media giant Meta a record-breaking $1.3 billion for transferring the personal data of Facebook's E.U users to servers in the U.S.

接下來，我們轉向歐洲，歐盟監管機構對社交媒體巨頭 Meta 開出了 1,300 億美元的罰款，原因是該公司將 Facebook 的歐盟用戶的個人數據轉移到美國的伺服器上。

Meta, which also owns Instagram and WhatsApp said it would appeal the ruling including the fine, and it also says there would be no immediate disruption of the Facebook app in Europe.

同時擁有 Instagram 和 WhatsApp 的 Meta表示將對這一裁決提出上訴，包括罰款部分。該公司還表示，Facebook 的應用程式在歐洲不會立即受到影響。

Meta says the root of this issue comes from a quote conflict of law between U.S. rules on access to data and the privacy rights of Europeans.

Meta 表示，這個問題的根源在於美國關於數據存取權限和歐洲人的隱私權之間存在著法律衝突。

Next up, we head to Florida, where we had a successful rocket launch.

接下來，我們前往佛羅里達，在那裡進行了一次成功的火箭發射。

Check out this SpaceX rocket taking off on Sunday as the crew embarks on a week-long stay aboard the International Space Station.

來看看這枚 SpaceX 火箭在星期日升空，搭載的人員在國際太空站上停留了一周的時間。

The Dragon Freedom spacecraft crew is led by former NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson who is now the first woman to command a private space flight.

龍飛船自由號的機組人員由前 NASA 宇航員佩吉·惠特森帶領，她現在成為第一位指揮私人太空飛行任務的女性。

She's joined by three paying customers. Stem cell researcher Rayyanah Barnawi is making history as the first woman from Saudi Arabia to ever travel to space.

她還與三位自費的乘客一同出發。幹細胞研究員Rayyanah Barnawi 創造了歷史，成為首位前往太空的沙烏地阿拉伯女性。

This marks the second all-private mission to the International Space Station.

這是第二次全私人的團隊前往國際太空站。

Houston-based company Axiom Space is in charge of the journey called Ax-2.

這次名為 Ax-2 的太空之旅由位於休士頓的公理太空負責。

All right. Let's stay out of this world and head to the Red Planet or Mars.

讓我們離開地球，前往紅色星球，也就是火星。

Back in the summer of 2020, NASA launched a space rover called Mars 2020 Perseverance.

在 2020 年夏天，NASA 發射了一個名為「火星 2020 毅力號」的太空探測車。

This small mobile robot eventually landed on Mars seven months later.

這個小型的移動機器人最終在七個月後降落在火星上。

The main goal of this mission was for the rover to look for signs of past microbial life, snag some rock and soil samples, and best of all, prepare for human exploration in the future.

這個任務的主要目標是讓這個火星探測車尋找過去存有微生物生命的跡象，取得一些岩石和土壤樣本，並且最重要的是為未來的人類探索做準備。

Remember, no human has ever been to Mars.

請記住，從來沒有人類去過火星。

Our Ashley Strickland sat down with a NASA scientist who gives us exciting updates on the mission, and the possible history of water on one of Mars's craters.

我們的記者 Ashley Strickland 與一位 NASA 科學家進行了專訪，她向我們提供了關於這個任務令人興奮的最新消息，以及火星上一個隕石坑可能一度有水存在的歷史。

Where is Perseverance rover currently and what is it up to these days?

目前毅力號火星探測車位於何處，最近在進行什麼任務呢？

So, Perseverance is still in Jezero Crater.

It is on this fan that is in Jezero Crater, and we've now climbed up on top of this fan and are exploring the sedimentary rocks on the top surface of the fan.

它目前在耶澤羅隕石坑的一個扇形地形上，已經攀登到這個扇形地形的頂部，並正在探索其頂部表面的沉積岩層。

What can we hope to learn from this area?

我們可以從這個區域了解什麼？

We have recorded different depositional environments that could be lake environments, delta environments, river environments, that really capture the history of water in Jezero Crater.

我們已經記錄了不同的沉積環境，可能包括湖泊環境、三角洲環境和河流環境，這些環境真實地展現了耶澤羅隕石坑中一度有水存在的歷史。

So what are some of the different types of rock that perseverance has encountered since it landed two years ago?

自從兩年前登上火星以來，毅力號遇到過哪些不同類型的岩石呢？

We had a lot of debates early on before we landed, sedimentary or igneous formed by volcanoes or formed deposited by water or wind.

在登上火星之前，就存在很多爭議，是由沉積作用形成的，還是由火山形成的，或者是由水或風沉積形成的。

And as it turned out, these were igneous rocks, which was a surprise to us,

事實證明，這些是火成岩，這對我們來說是一個驚喜，

but a really pleasant surprise because igneous rocks contain different kinds of information that we're interested in for return sample science.

但也是一個非常愉快的驚喜，因爲這些火成岩中包含了我們對於取樣回來的樣本感到有興趣的不同資訊。

And so we have things like volcanic salt, rocks that likely formed deep in the interior of Mars from magma.

我們已經發現像火山鹽這樣的物質，這些岩石很可能是在火星內部由岩漿形成的。

Then we transitioned from that crater floor into the sedimentary deposits and now we're here in sandstones, conglomerates, mudstones, the kinds of rocks that are deposited by flowing water.

然後，從那個隕石坑底部進到沉積層，然後到砂岩、礫岩和泥岩之中，這些岩石是由流動的水沉積形成的。

What could we hope to learn from this diverse array of samples when they come back to earth?

當這些各式各樣的樣本回到地球時，我們可以從中了解什麼呢？

The fact that we have a diverse set of rocks means we have different types of potential habitable environments recorded within these rocks.

這些多樣的岩石代表我們記錄了不同類型、潛在的居住環境。

Surface, watery environments we know from here on Earth is a good place to record signs of ancient life.

我們從地球上已知的水環境中了解到，這些地方很有可能記錄著古老的生命跡象。

But there's also the potential that life could find habitable niches in igneous rocks when water flows through those rocks underground.

但是火成岩中，當水在地下流過這些岩石時，也有可能存在適合生命存活的環境。

You've been wanting to get outside of the crater, so what does that look like?

你們一直希望能夠離開隕石坑探索，那會是怎樣的情景呢？

There are a lot of mysteries outside the crater.

This is some of the oldest crust in the solar system, and we're going to have a chance to explore that with the rover.

這是太陽系中一些最古老的地殼，我們將有機會通過探測器來探索這個區域。

But this is a part of solar system history that's not well-preserved here on Earth.

但這是太陽系歷史的一部分，在地球上並沒有很好地保存下來。

So we're going to get to see rocks of this age for the first time on Mars. It's unclear what these rocks are going to look like.

所以我們將首次在火星上看到這個時代的岩石。目前尚不清楚這些岩石會是什麼樣子。

Ten-second trivia: Name the island country off the coast of Africa whose capital is Port Louis?

十秒快問快答：請問位於非洲沿岸且首都是路易士港的國家為何？

Mauritius, Seychelles, Madagascar or Gambia?

模里西斯、塞席爾、馬達加斯加還是甘比亞？

The island nation gained independence from the U.K. in 1968.

這個島國在 1968 年從英國獲得獨立。

Now, Mauritius is an island nation that's closely linked to its vast ebony forest.

模里西斯是一個與其廣闊的黑檀木森林密切相關的島國。

Historically, these durable black hardwood trees were used for building furniture, cabinets, even piano keys.

在歷史上，這些堅固的黑色硬木被用於製造家具、櫥櫃，甚至是鋼琴鍵。

But now, conservationists are doing reservation initiatives, looking to save the forest along with its exotic bird species.

但現在，保育人士正在提倡保育行動，希望拯救這片森林及其珍稀的鳥類物種。

我們的記者 Zane Asher 有更多相關報導。

Some 12,000 miles of the southeastern coast of Africa in the middle of the Indian Ocean lies the island where the iconic dodo bird once roamed.

在非洲東南海岸以外約12,000英里、印度洋中部的一個島嶼上，曾經是傳說中的渡渡鳥存在的地方。

Centuries after its extinction, the flightless bird is still inextricably linked with the African nation of Mauritius.

幾個世紀過去了，這種沒有飛行能力的鳥類與非洲國家模里西斯仍然密不可分地聯繫在一起。

You can find it on banknotes, coins and the country's coat of arms.

在模里西斯的鈔票、硬幣和國徽上都找到它的身影。

Today, Dr. Nicolas Zuel and his team of conservationists are working hard to ensure other endemic species don't go the way of the dodo.

如今，Nicolas Zuel  博士及其保育團隊正努力保護其他特有物種不會像渡渡鳥一樣滅絕。

Before human beings came to Mauritius, the forest would look like what you see around us.

在人類來到模里西斯之前，這片森林的景象可能就像我們周圍所看到的一樣。

Less 2 percent of the native forest remains on the island, due in part to poaching, pollution and logging.

島上原生森林的剩餘面積不到 2%，這部分原因歸因於偷獵、污染和伐木活動。

Historically, one of the most sought-after resources, the ebony tree, is coveted for its durable black hardwood which is used to build furniture, cabinets, piano keys, and more.

歷史上，烏木是最受追捧的資源之一，它以其堅固耐用的黑色硬木而聞名，被用於製作家具、櫥櫃、鋼琴鍵等等。

Now the global trade of ebony wood is controlled and most species have been protected to prevent extinction.

現在，烏木木材的全球貿易受到控制，大多數物種都得到了保護以防止滅絕。

The history of Mauritius is closely linked to ebony trees because when the Dutch colonized the island, one of the reason, the main reason they wanted to colonize the island is to be able to exploit the ebony trees.

模里西斯的歷史與烏木密切相關，因為當荷蘭人殖民這個島嶼時，他們主要的原因之一就是為了能夠開發利用烏木。

The journey to restore this patch of forest located on the southwest part of the island began in 2006.

復育島嶼西南部這片森林的旅程始於 2006 年。

The work started with weeding, planting and growing native plant species.

從除草、種植和培育本土植物開始做起。

It also involved the reintroduction of locally extinct species like the pink pigeon and the echo parakeet, both considered vulnerable and globally threatened.

其中還有重新引入當地滅絕的物種，如粉紅鴿和迴聲鸚鵡，它們都被視為易危和在全世界受到威脅的物種。

It's important to have birds because forest restoration and the animal battle live in it goes hand in hand.

擁有鳥類非常重要，因為森林的復育與其中的動物生態相互關聯。

So without (INAUDIBLE) the forest will not survive.

因此，如果沒有鳥類（無法聽清對話部分），森林將無法生存下去。

So, yes, we are linked to (the) extinction of species with the dodo, but we're also an example of what can be done to save our bird species.

我們與渡渡鳥的滅絕有關，但我們也是拯救鳥類物種的榜樣。

After 11 years of restoration initiatives, the ebony forest park officially opened to the public in 2017.

經過 11 年的復育工作，烏木森林公園於 2017 年正式向公眾開放。

Visitors can bird watch, hike or volunteer and contribute to the conservation efforts on this tropical island paradise.

遊客可以賞鳥、健行或當志工，並為這個熱帶島嶼天堂的保育工作做出貢獻。

So it's really important for us to have ebony forest to raise awareness about species, about conservation.

復育烏木森林對於提高人們對物種及保育的意識非常重要。

So that's something which is really important for us to just work together with people, share the knowledge and also learn from others.

與人合作、分享知識並向他人學習對我們來說非常重要。

To date, the conservationists say they've planted more than 140,000 endemic plants while also weeding and planting 16 additional hectares of forest.

到目前為止，保育人員表示已經種植了超過 14 萬株特有植物，同時進行了除草，並重新種植了 16 公頃的森林。

With the dodo's legacy in mind, the ultimate goal is to safeguard the island's natural glory for generations to come.

牢記渡渡帶來的影響，最終目標是為後代子孫守護該島嶼擁有的大自然榮耀。

And ultimately, osmosis as lots of endemic species, it's a narrative but for the old world what we are preserving here.

最終，透過大量的特有物種，藉著滲透作用，我們正在保存這個古老世界的故事。

We are shaking things up with some researchers from the University of California, San Diego, for today's story getting a 10 out of 10.

我們正在與來自加州大學聖地牙哥分校的一些研究人員一起進行劃時代的研究，也就是今天滿分十分的故事。

A group of engineers built and tested the tallest full-scale building ever on an earthquake simulator or shake table.

有一群工程師在地震模擬器或稱震動台上建造並測試了有史以來最高的原尺寸建築物。

Ten stories high, shaken like a salt shaker in simulations of two of the strongest quakes in recent history (a 6.7 and a 7.7 magnitude), and the historic tests were a success.

這座建築物高達十層，通過模擬近期歷史上兩次最強地震（6.7和7.7級）的方式，像搖晃鹽罐一樣。這些歷史性的測試成功了。

The data is going to be used to help design safer buildings and bridges.

這些數據將用於協助設計更安全的建築物和橋樑。

I tried to come up with some good puns for that story but they were all shaky at best. Sorry, my fault.

我試著要為這個故事想出一些好笑的雙關，但結果都「搖擺」不定。抱歉，是我的錯。

希望這不會在我們之間造成「裂痕」。

Tiffin, Iowa, you get our special shout-out today. Clear Creek Amana Middle School, you rock. And Mr. Wilmer, we see you.

我們今天要特別向愛草城致意。Clear Creek Amana 中學，你們太厲害了！Wilmer 老師，我們看見你的努力了。

明天是 #你的專屬單字星期三。

So follow me @coywire on Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok,

請在 Instagram、Snapchat 和 TikTok 上關注我，帳號是 @coywire，

put your unique vocabulary word in the comments section on my most recent post, and we're going to choose one fun one to work into tomorrow's show.

請在我最新的貼文下留言你最特別的單字，我們將挑選出一個有趣的單字並在明天的節目中使用。