THIS EPISODE OF LIFE NOGGIN WAS FILMED IN  FRONT OF A SOMEWHAT ALIVE STUDIO AUDIENCE

這一集《生命之光》是在一個有點生氣的演播室觀眾面前拍攝的。

[AUDIENCE CHEERS]

[觀眾歡呼聲]

Thank you thank you!

謝謝你，謝謝你!

For over 200 years, vaccines have  been protecting you humans from lots  

200多年來，疫苗一直在保護你們人類免受許多疾病的侵害。

of different diseases by helping your bodies  build immunity in case you come into contact  

通過幫助你的身體建立免疫力，以防你接觸到不同的疾病。

with them. Kinda sorta like the restraining  order i put on Mocko, my barely evil twin!

與他們。有點像我對Mocko的限制令，他是我勉強的邪惡雙胞胎！"。

[AUDIENCE LAUGHTER]

[觀眾笑聲]

Yes. He will go to jail if he violates it. Yes.

是的，如果他違反了，他就會進監獄。是的。

Now, scientists are developing vaccines to fight  off harmful components created within your bodies,  

現在，科學家們正在開發疫苗，以抵禦在你們體內產生的有害成分。

ones that are capable of causing organ  failure and diseases like Alzheimer's.

那些能夠導致器官衰竭和阿爾茨海默氏症等疾病的。

These components are called amyloids. [AUDIENCE BOOS]

這些成分被稱為澱粉狀物。[觀眾噓聲]

Yes! Yes! Correct call with the booing!

好！好！好！好正確的呼聲與噓聲!

Amyloids are damaged molecules that  have deformed and become sticky. When  

澱粉樣物質是受損的分子，已經變形並變得粘稠。當

these sticky substances attach to organs or  tissues, they can cause a lot of trouble.

這些粘性物質附著在器官或組織上，會造成很大的麻煩。

They buildup between the cells and make it  difficult for the organ to work effectively,  

它們堆積在細胞之間，使器官難以有效工作。

which can result in organ failure.

這可能導致器官衰竭。

[AUDIENCE GASPS]

[觀眾的喘息聲]

This can happen in many  different parts of the body.

這可能發生在身體的許多不同部位。

For instance, the human brain contains tens  of billions of interconnected cells called  

例如，人類大腦包含數百億個相互關聯的細胞，稱為

neurons that process and transmit information.  But when beta-amyloid proteins stick together  

處理和傳遞信息的神經元。 但當β-澱粉樣蛋白粘在一起時

in small chains that are abnormal but still able  to stay dissolved in the fluid bathing the brain,  

在小鏈子中是不正常的，但仍然能夠保持溶解在洗腦的液體中。

they make it difficult for the neurons  to communicate and function properly and  

它們使神經元難以正常交流和運作，並且

also cause the neurons to create other abnormal  proteins that eventually result in their death.

還會導致神經元產生其他異常的蛋白質，最終導致其死亡。

As you age, more and more of these soluble  beta-amyloid chains(called oligomers) are formed.  

隨著年齡的增長，越來越多的這些可溶性β-澱粉樣蛋白鏈（稱為寡聚體）被形成。

But in people with Alzheimer's disease,  this accumulation happens much faster,  

但在阿爾茨海默病患者中，這種積累發生得更快。

leading to the death of more and more brain cells  and the loss of one's memory and thinking skills.

導致越來越多的腦細胞死亡，失去記憶和思維能力。

But there are ways to remove amyloid  oligomers from the brain. And one of  

但是有一些方法可以從大腦中清除澱粉樣寡聚物。而其中一個

the methods scientists have  been exploring are vaccines.

科學家一直在探索的方法是疫苗。

[AUDIENCE CHEERS]

[觀眾歡呼聲]

Yes! Yes! We like vaccines! They're  the reason you're not sitting in an  

好！好！好！好我們喜歡疫苗!正是因為它們，你才不至於坐在醫院裡。

iron lung right now watching this video.

現在看著這段視頻，我的鐵肺就在眼前。

These kinds of vaccines work the same  way as a vaccine against an infectious  

這類疫苗的工作方式與預防傳染性疾病的疫苗相同。

disease–by stimulating the immune system to create  antibodies that capture and remove their target.

通過刺激免疫系統產生抗體來捕捉和清除其目標。

[AUDIENCE LAUGHTER] In this case, that target is amyloids.

[在這種情況下，該目標是澱粉樣蛋白。

[AUDIENCE BOOS] Yeah! Throw your digital tomatoes at them!

[是的！把你的數字西紅柿扔給他們！

While there have been some promising results  showing a reduction in the number of beta amyloid  

雖然已經有一些有希望的結果顯示β澱粉樣蛋白的數量減少了

oligomers in mice, scientists are still working  on making an effective vaccine for humans.,

科學家們仍在努力為人類製造一種有效的疫苗。

Another treatment method is injecting  pre-made antibodies into the body. This  

另一種治療方法是將預先製成的抗體注射到體內。這種方法

is called infusion therapy and there  is already one of these medications  

被稱為點滴療法，並且已經有了這些藥物中的一種。

that has received accelerated approval by  the FDA after clinical studies found that  

在臨床研究中發現，該產品已獲得美國食品和藥物管理局的加速準許。

it significantly slowed the progression  of Alzheimer's disease., Another one was  

它顯著減緩了阿爾茨海默病的進展。

recently reported to work even better and is  expected to get the FDA seal of approval soon.

最近，據說效果更好，預計很快就會得到FDA的準許。

[AUDIENCE CLAPS] Yeah.  

[聽眾鼓掌] 是的。

I know! It's not just mice getting the special  treatment this time! Things are happening people!

我知道!這次不僅僅是小鼠得到了特殊的待遇!事情正在發生，人們!

But the possibilities don't end there.

但可能性並沒有結束。

Scientists have found even  more effective antibodies,  

科學家們已經發現了更加有效的抗體。

called catalytic antibodies or catabodies.

稱為催化抗體或分解抗體。

Instead of binding to an amyloid to begin the  destruction process, they simply break it into  

它們不是與澱粉樣蛋白結合以開始破壞過程，而是簡單地將其分解成

smaller, harmless pieces. This lets one antibody  do the work of many antibodies in much less time.

更小的、無害的碎片。這讓一個抗體在更短的時間內完成許多抗體的工作。

In fact, researchers believe that  one catabody could destroy over  

事實上，研究人員認為，一個分解體可以摧毀超過

40,000 amyloids before it's  eliminated by the body.

在它被身體消除之前，有4萬個澱粉樣物質。

So, look out amyloids, your days are numbered! 

所以，注意，amyloids，你的日子不多了！"。

Just like Mocko's days are numbered  after violating my restraining order!

就像莫科在違反了我的限制令後，他的日子已經不多了!

[AUDIENCE LAUGHTER] Oh no. I'm about to hurt badly!

[聽眾笑聲] 哦，不。我快要傷得很重了!

[AUDIENCE LAUGHTER] So, only if you're comfortable  

[聽眾笑]所以，只有在你覺得舒服的情況下

with sharing your experience, let me know in the  comment section below, what is one condition that  

分享你的經驗，讓我知道在下面的評論部分，什麼是一個條件，即

you've been suffering from. Maybe we can make  a video about it and shed some light on it!

你一直在遭受的痛苦。也許我們可以製作一個關於它的視頻，並對它進行一些說明!

If you want to learn more,  

如果你想了解更多。

check out the incredible work being  done by SENS Research Foundation,  

請查看SENS研究基金會正在進行的令人難以置信的工作。

our sponsor of this video! Click the first  link in the description and show your support!

我們這個視頻的贊助商!點擊描述中的第一個鏈接，表示您的支持!

Please do all the things that help this  channel grow! We really appreciate it!

請做所有幫助這個頻道成長的事情!我們真的很感激!

Psst! You can get turned into a  life noggin character, seriously! 

Psst！你可以變成一個生活中的noggin角色，認真的。

Find the gleam contest link  in the description to enter!

在描述中找到gleam比賽的鏈接來參加!

Click here to watch this video we did  on cancer potentially meeting its match,  

點擊這裡，觀看我們做的關於癌症可能會遇到的視頻。

or click here to watch this video!

或點擊這裡觀看此視頻!

You can also check out Lifespan, the team that  powers life noggin, down in the description!

你也可以在描述中查看Lifespan，為生命諾金提供動力的團隊。

As always, my name is Blocko, this has been  Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking!

像往常一樣，我的名字是Blocko，這已經是生命的Noggin，不要忘記繼續思考!