according to the UN.

根據聯合國的說法。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

這裡是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。我是尼爾。

And I'm Sian. Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary about this story.

我是Sian。請確保你觀看到最後，瞭解關於這個故事的詞彙。

And don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video

不要忘記訂閱我們的頻道，喜歡這個視頻

and try the quiz on our website. Now, let's hear the story.

並嘗試在我們的網站上進行測驗。現在，讓我們來聽聽這個故事。

The world's population has officially reached eight billion.

世界人口已正式達到80億。

The growth is partly due to developments in health, nutrition and medicine.

增長的部分原因是健康、營養和醫藥的發展。

It has taken just eleven years to go from seven to eight billion,

從70億到80億，只用了11年時間。

but growth in several countries is actually slowing.

但幾個國家的增長實際上正在放緩。

Many are concerned the expanding population is destroying the planet.

許多人擔心不斷擴大的人口正在摧毀這個星球。

You've been looking at the headlines, Sian.

你一直在看頭條新聞，Sian。

What's the vocabulary?

詞彙是什麼？

OK. We have 'peak', 'poses' and 'shape'.

好的。我們有'峰值'、'姿勢'和'形狀'。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

Let's take a look at our first headline.

讓我們看一下我們的第一個標題。

And this one is from The Telegraph.  

而這個是來自《電訊報》。

World population hits eight billion - as experts predict when it will peak.

世界人口達到80億--專家預測何時達到峰值。

The world's population has reached eight billion.

世界人口已經達到80億。

That's eight, followed by nine zeros, and experts are predicting when

這是8個，後面是9個零，專家們正在預測什麼時候

the world population will peak and 'peak' is the word we're looking at.

世界人口將達到峰值，"峰值 "是我們正在尋找的詞。

Is there a connection to mountains, Sian?

與山有關係嗎，西恩？

Well, yes, kind of.

嗯，是的，有點像。

So, if you picture a mountain, the top is the peak,

是以，如果你想象一座山，山頂就是山峰。

so it means you can't go any higher.

所以這意味著你不能再往上走了。

But, we also use this word 'peak' to talk about data and graphs.

但是，我們也用這個詞 "峰值 "來談論數據和圖表。

If you look at this, this point here is the 'peak' and it means the top.

如果你看一下這個，這裡的這一點是 "峰值"，它意味著頂部。

So, in the same way, the peak of a mountain is the top.

是以，以同樣的方式，山的頂峰就是頂峰。

Yes, so that top of the mountain peak and on the graph, those are nouns,

是的，所以那座山峰的頂端和圖上，這些都是名詞。

but it is also used as a verb to mean go as high as possible.

但它也被用作動詞，意思是儘可能地往上走。

Exactly. So the headline writer is saying that the population  

正是如此。是以，標題作者是說，人口

is continuing to rise now, but at some point,

現在正在繼續上升，但在某些時候。

the population will reach the peak, so it can't go any higher,

人口將達到峰值，所以它不能再高了。

just like an actual mountain.  

就像一座真正的山。

Yeah, and we use 'peak'

是的，我們使用 "峰值"。

not just to talk about graphs and mountains.

不僅僅是為了談論圖表和山脈。

We can use it to talk about performance, for example, in sport.

我們可以用它來談論性能，例如在體育方面。

Exactly. So it's often used to mean

正是如此。所以它經常被用來指

that a team or a person has reached their best level of performance.

一個團隊或一個人已經達到其最佳表現水準。

- they can't get any better, they've peaked.

- 他們不可能再好了，他們已經達到頂峰了。

Yeah. And we can use this, for example, the World Cup is coming,

是的。而且我們可以利用這一點，例如，世界盃即將到來。

it's really important for a football team

這對一個足球隊來說真的很重要

not to peak too soon.

不要過早達到峰值。

So, that means that they shouldn't be at their best level of performance

是以，這意味著他們不應該處於最佳表現水準

until the actual competition, not before it.

直到實際比賽，而不是在比賽之前。

Exactly, and that's a useful phrase,

沒錯，這句話很有用。

'don't peak too soon'.

不要過早地達到頂峰"。

And we use it for other situations, not only sport.

而且我們將其用於其他情況，不僅僅是體育。

So, if you're revising for exams and you start doing too much too early,

是以，如果你正在為考試複習，而你過早地開始做太多的事情。

you could say, 'don't peak too soon or you'll forget everything on exam day'.

你可以說，"不要太早達到頂峰，否則你會在考試當天忘記一切"。

Excellent advice. Let's have a look at that again.

很好的建議。讓我們再看看這個。

Let's have a look at our next headline.

讓我們看看我們的下一個頭條新聞。

This one is from CNN. Global population hits eight billion

這篇來自CNN。全球人口達到80億

as growth poses more challenges for the planet.

因為增長給地球帶來了更多挑戰。

And so this population growth is causing problems for the planet.

是以，這種人口增長正在給地球帶來問題。

We are looking at the word 'poses' and I know this word 'pose',

我們正在看'姿勢'這個詞，我知道這個詞'姿勢'。

it means the way you stand.

是指你站立的方式。

So, a model, the way a model stands for a photo,

所以，一個模特，一個模特站著拍照的方式。

or maybe an actor on the stage, that's a pose.

或者是舞臺上的演員，那是一種姿勢。

Or a painting. Yeah, it's the way you stand in a particular position or,

或者一幅畫。是的，是你站在一個特定位置的方式或。

yoga, you can have a yoga pose, but here

瑜伽，你可以有一個瑜伽的姿勢，但在這裡

it's a verb and 'poses' means creates or causes something to happen.

它是一個動詞，"構成 "意味著創造或導致某些事情發生。

Yeah. So the headline is saying

是的。所以標題是說

that this population growth is causing problems, issues, challenges.

這種人口增長正在造成問題，問題，挑戰。

It 'poses' a problem.

它'構成'了一個問題。

Exactly. So we often use 'poses' with questions.

正是如此。所以我們經常用 "姿勢 "來提問。

You can 'pose' a question, but it's commonly used

你可以 "提出 "一個問題，但它通常被用來

with negative nouns like 'threat' or 'danger' or 'problem'.

與 "威脅 "或 "危險 "或 "問題 "等消極名詞一起。

So, shall we think of some examples?

那麼，我們是否應該想一些例子呢？

Yes. So, if a driver has been drinking alcohol,

是的，所以，如果一個司機喝了酒。

it poses a danger to people in the road and in that car as well.

它對路上的人和車上的人也構成了危險。

Yeah. Or a political scandal could pose problems for the government.

是的。或者政治醜聞會給政府帶來問題。

Yeah. OK, let's have a look at that again.

是的。好的，讓我們再看看這個。

Time for our next headline.

該是我們下一個頭條新聞的時候了。

This one's from The Conversation. As the eight billionth person is born,

這篇文章來自《對話》。隨著第80億人的誕生。

here's how Africa will shape the future of the planet's population.

以下是非洲將如何塑造地球人口的未來。

This headline is looking specifically at Africa and how it will shape the future.

這個頭條新聞特別關注非洲，以及它將如何塑造未來。

Now it's the word 'shape'

現在是 "形狀 "這個詞

we're looking at, Sian. Can you give me some example of shapes?

我們正在看的，西安。你能給我一些形狀的例子嗎？

OK. So, shapes as a noun, we can have a triangle, or square, a circle.

好的。是以，形狀作為一個名詞，我們可以有一個三角形，或方形，一個圓。

But if you want to make something into the shape you want,

但如果你想把東西做成你想要的形狀。

you 'shape' it. So, that's a verb,

你'塑造'它。所以，那是一個動詞。

'shape' as a verb as it is in the headline and

形狀 "作為動詞出現在標題中，而

the headline is talking about how Africa will shape or influence the future.

該標題是在談論非洲將如何塑造或影響未來。

Yes, and we often use this verb 'shape' in relation to beliefs or ideas

是的，我們經常在信仰或思想方面使用這個動詞 "塑造"。

or a person's character.

或一個人的性格。

So, has anything or anyone in your life shaped you as a person, Neil.

那麼，在你的生活中是否有任何事情或任何人塑造了你這個人，尼爾。

I guess. Yeah, I moved around a lot when I was a kid

我想是的。是的，我小時候經常搬來搬去。

and I think that shaped my personality, because, as an adult,

我認為這塑造了我的個性，因為，作為一個成年人。

I've moved around a lot as well.

我也經常搬來搬去。

Let's have a look at that one more time.

讓我們再看看這個問題。

We've had 'peak' - can't get any higher or better.

我們已經有了'高峰'--不能再高了，也不能再好了。

'poses' - causes or creates something that's usually negative.

'構成'--造成或創造的東西通常是負面的。

  'shape' - influence.

'形'--影響。

Don't forget there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.

不要忘記我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com上有一個測驗。

Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Goodbye.

謝謝你加入我們，再見。再見。