Name: 美國人為什麼不信任對方？ (Why Americans don’t trust each other | Todd Rose for Big Think)
Uploaded: 2022-11-04T17:50:33.000Z
Duration: 4 min 58 s

- Right now, we're living in a society in which 'Collective Illusions'

- 現在，我們生活在一個 "集體幻覺 "的社會中。

情態助動詞 B1

情態副詞

Simply put, Collective Illusions are situations

簡單地說，集體幻覺是一種情況

where most people in a group go along with a view

they don't agree with because  they incorrectly believe

他們不同意，因為他們不正確地認為

It's not just that we're  misreading a few people,

這不僅僅是我們誤讀了幾個人。

it is that the majority  thinks the majority

What's most interesting is that in all of our research,

最有趣的是，在我們所有的研究中。

one of the largest illusions of all is actually about trust itself.

最大的幻覺之一實際上是關於信任本身。

No matter how we've asked it, the vast majority of Americans

無論我們怎麼問，絕大多數的美國人

see themselves as trustworthy and value being trustworthy.

認為自己是值得信賴的，並重視自己是值得信賴的。

However, they believe most everybody else in society today

然而，他們認為今天社會上的大多數人

does not care about being trustworthy, and is not trustworthy.

不關心是否值得信任，也不值得信任。

There is no bigger illusion in society today

在今天的社會中，沒有比這更大的幻想了

The biggest consequence  of that is that we've

Given the profound lack of  trust in society today,

we often look for the cause of  that in each other.

我們經常在對方身上尋找原因。

Frederick Taylor is probably the most important person

弗雷德裡克-泰勒可能是最重要的人

he wrote a book called  "Scientific Management,"

他寫了一本名為 "科學管理 "的書。

which- they were about his ideas about how you create

他們是關於他的想法，關於你如何創造

And he felt like the biggest problem in society

And so, "Scientific Management" literally said, 'Wait.

是以，"科學管理 "從字面上說，"等等。

The first thing you got to  stop doing is trusting people.'

你必須停止做的第一件事是信任別人。

He went about implementing a systems-first approach

to a top-down society  governed by managers.

到一個由管理者管理的自上而下的社會。

事實上，他發明了經理這個詞。

and he made us all cogs, where the system matters most.

他使我們成為系統中最重要的齒輪。

Because of the way our institutions treat us,

因為我們的機構對待我們的方式。

and fundamentally treating  us as untrustworthy,

並從根本上把我們當做不值得信任的人。

we have come to see each  other through that lens.

我們已經開始通過這個鏡頭來看待對方。

when you actually study honesty and trustworthiness,

當你真正研究誠實和守信的時候。

it's a pretty famous German study. Here's what they did:

這是一項相當著名的德國研究。他們的做法是這樣的。

They literally just randomly  called people

他們真的只是隨機地給人們打電話

and said that there was  a contest going on,

If it landed on heads,  they got nothing.

如果它落在頭上，他們什麼也得不到。

everybody says tails,  takes the gift certificate,

and the aggregate results are like, well, it's 100% tails—

而總的結果是，嗯，它是100%的尾巴------。

And in fact, it was slightly  more in favor of heads,

而事實上，對人頭的支持度略高。

if not all people,  were telling the truth

如果不是所有的人，都在說實話

when no one else  could possibly have known.

And yet we live in a society  where our institutions

然而，我們生活在一個社會中，我們的機構

continue to remind us  that this is not true,

我們在某種程度上是不值得信任的。

We can only interact with each other in one of two ways.

我們只能以兩種方式之一與對方互動。

We can trust people to make choices for themselves,

我們可以相信人們能夠為自己做出選擇。

or we can control  those choices for them.

或者我們可以為他們控制這些選擇。

作為一個自由社會中的自由人。

because now we know that whatever efficiency

因為現在我們知道，無論什麼效率

you get from that top-down  control model,

你從這種自上而下的控制模式中得到的。

the consequences  in terms of human dignity

和社會信任是如此的具有破壞性

trust families to make  decisions for themselves,

相信家庭能夠為自己做出決定。

work to dislodge this top-down view of our institutions

努力擺脫這種自上而下的機構觀點