That's the only option left, says the UN,

聯合國說，這是剩下的唯一選擇。

after a failure to cut carbon.

在減碳失敗後。

This is News Review from BBC

這是BBC的新聞評論

Learning English. I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.

學習英語。我是尼爾。而我是貝絲。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about the story.

確保你看完後，學習詞彙來談論這個故事。

And don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video,

不要忘記訂閱我們的頻道，喜歡這個視頻。

and try the quiz on our website.

並嘗試在我們的網站上進行測驗。

Now, let's hear more about the story.

現在，讓我們聽聽更多關於這個故事。

'Countries must reprioritize climate change or the world faces catastrophe.'

各國必須重新確定氣候變化的優先次序，否則世界將面臨大災難。

That's what the head of the UN has said ahead of COP27,

這就是聯合國負責人在COP27會議之前所說的。

the climate conference being held in Egypt,

正在埃及舉行的氣候會議。

this month. Scientists say government failures to meet carbon targets

這個月。科學家們說政府未能實現碳目標

will lead to a rise of more than 1.5 degrees.

將導致超過1.5度的上升。

Only radically changing society

只有從根本上改變社會

  will save us from climate disaster, they say.

他們說，這將使我們免遭氣候災難。

You have been looking at the headlines,

你一直在看頭條新聞。

Beth. What's the vocabulary?

貝絲詞彙是什麼？

We have 'landmark', 'greenwashing'

我們有 "地標"、"洗綠"。

and 'warning shots'.

和'警告射擊'。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

Let's have a look at our first headline.

讓我們看一下我們的第一個標題。

This one is from Euronews:

這張照片來自歐洲新聞網。

So, COP27,

所以，COP27。

which is the annual international climate conference, is being described

這是一年一度的國際氣候會議，被描述為

as a landmark -that's the word

作為一個地標--這是個詞

we're looking at. Right now, Beth,

我們正在看。現在，貝絲

first of all, I want you to think of a famous city - London.

首先，我希望你能想到一個著名的城市--倫敦。

When I mentioned London,

當我提到倫敦時。

what comes to mind?

想到了什麼？

I think of Big Ben,

我想到了大本鐘。

Buckingham Palace,

白金漢宮。

The London Eye, the Houses of Parliament.

倫敦眼，議會大廈。

OK. So, these are important memorable places.

好的。所以，這些都是重要的值得紀念的地方。

Buildings. Literally, marks on the land - landmarks. Is that what we mean here?

建築物。從字面上看，是土地上的標記--地標。這就是我們在這裡的意思嗎？

Well, they are landmarks -

嗯，他們是地標 --

but, no, that's not what we're talking about here.

但是，不，這不是我們在這裡討論的問題。

So, in the headline, 'landmark' is used as an adjective to mean

是以，在標題中，"地標 "被用作形容詞，表示

that something is 'so important that it might cause a dramatic change'.

某個東西 "非常重要，可能會引起巨大的變化"。

OK. So, the headline is suggesting that COP27

好的。所以，標題是在暗示，COP27

might be a landmark conference - a point

可能是一個具有里程碑意義的會議--一個點

where an important change is made. Is that right? Yeah. That's right.

其中有一個重要的變化。是這樣嗎？是的。這就對了。

And this adjective 'landmark' is often put together with words

而這個形容詞'地標'經常與以下詞語放在一起

like 'event', 'decision' or 'day'.

如'事件'、'決定'或'日'。

So, for example, if we think about when women first got the right to vote,

是以，例如，如果我們想一想婦女第一次獲得投票權的時間。

this was a landmark event.

這是一個具有里程碑意義的事件。

It was very important for women's rights.

這對婦女的權利非常重要。

And can we use any other words or vocabulary to describe a similar thing?

那我們能不能用其他的詞或詞彙來描述類似的事情？

Yeah. We could say that something is a 'turning point'

是的。我們可以說某件事是一個 "轉捩點

or a 'milestone', for example.

或一個 "里程碑"，例如。

OK. Let's have a look at that one more time.

好的。讓我們再看一次。

Let's have a look at our next headline.

讓我們看看我們的下一個標題。

This is from the Guardian:

這是《衛報》的報道。

OK. So, Greta Thunberg, the very famous, young Swedish climate activist

好的。那麼，格蕾塔-圖恩伯格，這位非常著名的、年輕的瑞典氣候活動家

is going to skip the COP27 Climate Conference.

是要跳過COP27氣候大會。

That means she's not going to attend, because she thinks it's an example

這意味著她不打算參加，因為她認為這是一個範例

of greenwashing. And 'greenwashing' is the word we're looking at.

的綠色洗牌。而'洗綠'就是我們要看的這個詞。

Well, I know the word 'green', and I know the word 'washing'.

好吧，我知道 "綠色 "這個詞，我也知道 "洗滌 "這個詞。

But what's the sense?

但這有什麼意義呢？

Well, imagine a company that sells something bad for the environment,

好吧，想象一下，一個公司賣的東西對環境有害。

like a plastic bottle, but they cover it

就像一個塑料瓶，但他們把它蓋住了

with a green label that symbolises being environmentally friendly.

帶有綠色標籤，象徵著對環境友好。

It might have nice pictures of forests on it,

上面可能有漂亮的森林圖片。

and it has words like organic and natural ingredients

而且它有有機和天然成分等字眼

and recyclable.

並可回收利用。

OK. So, you're saying this bottle

好的。那麼，你是說這個瓶子

looks like it's really good for the environment. But, actually,

看起來它真的對環境有好處。但是，實際上。

it's just a plastic bottle, and plastic isn't very good.

它只是一個塑料瓶，而塑膠並不是很好。

So, we're saying it's just marketing.

所以，我們說這只是營銷。

Exactly. Yeah. This is greenwashing, and it is just a marketing approach

正是如此。是的。這就是洗綠，這只是一種營銷方式

that basically makes it look like an organisation is helping the planet,

這基本上使它看起來像是一個組織在幫助地球。

and that makes the customer want to buy the product - they want to help the planet

並使客戶願意購買該產品--他們想幫助地球。

too. But, actually,

也是。但是，實際上。

it's not really helping at all.

這一點都沒有幫助。

Right, so, in this headline,

對，所以，在這個標題中。

we see that Greta

我們看到，格雷塔

Thunberg thinks that COP27

圖恩伯格認為，COP27

is an example of greenwashing.

是一個綠色洗牌的例子。

She thinks that, actually,

實際上，她是這麼想的。

they are not taking it seriously.

他們沒有認真對待這個問題。

They just want people to think they are.

他們只是想讓人們認為他們是。

Yeah. That's right.

是的。這就對了。

And the headline uses the adjective 'greenwashing'.

而標題則使用了 "洗綠 "這個形容詞。

It describes the event, in this case, the conference,

它描述的是事件，在這裡是指會議。

but we can also use greenwash as a verb.

但我們也可以把greenwash作為一個動詞。

So, that is the action of making something look more environmentally

是以，這是使某些東西看起來更環保的行動。

friendly than it actually is.

比實際情況更友好。

And a related idea

還有一個相關的想法

and word is 'sportswashing'.

而這個詞就是 "體育清洗"。

That means when an organisation or a country hosts

這意味著當一個組織或一個國家主辦的

or supports a sporting event to try and make themselves look better.

或支持一個體育賽事，試圖讓自己看起來更好。

Let's take a look at that again.

讓我們再看一下。

Let's look at our next headline.

讓我們看看我們的下一個頭條新聞。

This one comes from Inside Climate News:

這篇報道來自Inside Climate News。

The headline says that the world is off course.

頭條新聞說，世界已經偏離了軌道。

That means 'going in the wrong direction', metaphorically, to reach

這意味著'走錯了方向'，比喻說，要達到

those climate targets. And we are looking at the expression

這些氣候目標。而我們正在看的是表達

'warning shots'.

鳴槍警告"。

This has got something to do with guns, hasn't it?

這與槍支有關係，不是嗎？

Yeah. So, literally, in war,

是的。所以，從字面上講，在戰爭中。

one side might fire a shot in the air or it might come from a cannon,

一方可能在空中開一槍，也可能來自大炮。

and this is saying we are here -

這是說我們在這裡 -

prepare yourself. It is a warning.

準備好自己。這是一個警告。

But, in the headline,

但是，在頭條新聞中。

it's used metaphorically -

它是用來比喻的 -

there's actually no guns here.

其實這裡沒有槍。

That's right. So, these new scientific reports say that unless we stay

這就對了。是以，這些新的科學報告說，除非我們保持

within 1.5 degree limit,

在1.5度限制內。

something really bad is going to happen.

將會有非常糟糕的事情發生。

Exactly. It is a warning shot to the world.

正是如此。這是向世界發出的警告。

And, in this case, that bad thing that would happen is

而且，在這種情況下，會發生的壞事是

the climate would collapse.

氣候將崩潰。

Now, the expression 'warning shot' is used very frequently

現在，"警告射擊 "的說法被頻繁使用

in news media, isn't it?

在新聞媒體中，不是嗎？

Yes, it is. It sounds very dramatic, and it creates a really powerful image

是的，它是。它聽起來非常戲劇化，而且它創造了一個非常強大的形象

in the mind of the reader, and that helps them

在讀者的腦海中，這有助於他們

remember the story a little bit more.

再回憶一下這個故事吧。

Yeah. Let's have a look at that one more time.

是的。讓我們再看看這個。

We've had 'landmark' -

我們已經有了 "里程碑" --

an important event that could cause big changes.

一個可能引起重大變化的重要事件。

'Greenwashing' - companies say it's environmentally friendly,

洗綠"--公司說它是環保的。

but is it, really?

但是，真的是這樣嗎？

And 'warning shots' -signals that show action is needed.

還有 "警告針"--顯示需要採取行動的信號。

Don't forget there's a quiz on our website:

不要忘記我們的網站上有一個測驗。

bbclearningenglish.com. Thank you for joining us, and goodbye. Bye.

bbclearningenglish.com。謝謝你加入我們，再見。再見。