They are working for you,

他們在為你工作。

you just don't realize it.

你只是沒有意識到這一點。

There are parts of our brain

我們大腦的某些部分

that we really don't understand how they work.

我們真的不瞭解它們是如何工作的。

We don't have access to them.

我們沒有機會接觸他們。

I've called these the 'Second-self.'

我把這些稱為'第二自我'。

It's another self that we don't interact with very much.

這是另一個我們並不經常互動的自己。

We just see the effects of our habits,

我們只是看到了我們習慣的影響。

but we don't necessarily control them.

但我們不一定能控制它們。

And because we don't have access to it,

而且因為我們沒有機會接觸到它。

we are very much influenced by the things we can know.

我們在很大程度上受到我們可以知道的事情的影響。

And the 'Introspection Illusion'

以及 "自省幻覺"。

is our tendency to focus too much

是我們傾向於過度關注

on the pieces that we know, the experiences we have;

在我們所知道的碎片上，在我們所擁有的經驗上。

our feelings, our beliefs, the reasons why we do things.

我們的感覺，我們的信念，我們做事的原因。

So you don't recognize

所以你不承認

that a lot of the things that you do

你所做的很多事情

are out of habit instead of out of choice.

是出於習慣，而不是出於選擇。

It's hard to imagine that people back in the 1990s

很難想象，90年代的人們

did not know that they were supposed

不知道他們應該

to eat more fruits and vegetables than they are,

要比他們吃更多的水果和蔬菜。

but they didn't.

但他們沒有。

The 5 A Day Program was extremely successful.

一天五次的計劃非常成功。

In one way, it convinced us all

在某種程度上，它使我們都相信

to eat more fruits and vegetables.

多吃水果和蔬菜。

So it was really effective at informing people,

是以，它在向人們提供資訊方面真的很有效。

getting them to realize they should change their behavior.

讓他們意識到他們應該改變自己的行為。

They were just trying to convince people,

他們只是在試圖說服人們。

thinking, "If we can only get people

想，"如果我們能讓人們

to realize they need to do this,

以認識到他們需要這樣做。

they will of course do it

他們當然會這樣做

because it's good for your health."

因為這對你的健康有好處。"

People don't work that way.

人們並不是這樣工作的。

The campaign did not change people's habits.

這場運動並沒有改變人們的習慣。

It changed their understanding.

這改變了他們的理解。

So the habit is a default.

是以，這種習慣是一種默認。

It's what you do when you're not thinking,

這是你在不思考時做的事情。

and you intervene on that

而你在這方面進行干預

with more conscious, thoughtful decisions.

以更有意識的、深思熟慮的決定。

Again, you have this 'habit self' out here,

同樣，你有這個 "習慣性自我 "在這裡。

eating things that we've all eaten all along

吃我們一直以來都吃的東西

before the campaign.

競選前。

And then, our 'decision-making self' feeling guilty

然後，我們的 "決策自我 "感到內疚

because we're not following through

因為我們沒有貫徹執行

with what we now know we should do.

與我們現在知道的我們應該做的事情。

The habit system is not part of our conscious awareness;

習慣系統不是我們有意識的意識的一部分。

it's part of the unconscious.

它是無意識的一部分。

So if you have these two systems,

是以，如果你有這兩個系統。

the question is, 'How do they relate to each other?'

問題是，'它們之間的關係如何？

Unless we have some understanding of how that works,

除非我們對這種情況有一定的瞭解。

it sets us up to be fighting ourselves.

它讓我們與自己作對。

So we have habits to do one thing

所以我們有習慣做一件事

that we don't really recognize,

我們並沒有真正認識到這一點。

and then we have our conscious thoughts and feelings

然後我們就有了有意識的思想和感覺

on the other hand.

另一方面。

And in order to really meet your goals effectively,

而為了真正有效地達到你的目標。

those two things have to be more integrated.

這兩件事必須更加融合。

If you are a successful person,

如果你是一個成功人士。

your habits and your more conscious, 'thoughtful self'

你的習慣和你更有意識的、"有思想的自我"。

are definitely working together.

肯定在一起工作。

What we've learned in the past couple of years

在過去幾年中，我們學到了什麼？

is that people who have really good self-control

是指那些有真正良好的自制力的人

are actually acting on habit.

實際上是按習慣行事。

They had figured out how to form habits

他們已經想出瞭如何形成習慣

that met their goals-

達到他們的目標--

for health, for productivity, for relationships.

為健康、為生產力、為關係。

Having an effective habit can set you up

擁有一個有效的習慣可以讓你

to do the things that you want in life,

來做你生活中想要的事情。

and can integrate both your habit self

並能將你的習慣自我

and your more thoughtful, conscious self.

和你更有思想、更有意識的自我。