and today we're starting a new series  where we talk about people's jobs. So  

今天，我們將開始一個新的系列，我們將討論人們的工作。那麼

we're going to learn some vocabulary related to  certain jobs and of course we'll study idioms,  

我們將學習一些與某些工作有關的詞彙，當然我們還將學習成語。

American English pronunciation, and lots of  things about English conversation as we go.

美式英語的發音，以及很多關於英語對話的東西，因為我們正在進行。

Working in the US or with American companies,  what vocabulary is useful to know? We're  

在美國工作或與美國公司合作，知道哪些詞彙是有用的？我們是

studying English, talking about jobs, and of  course we're going to study idioms and level  

學習英語，談論工作，當然我們也要學習成語和水準。

up your advanced vocabulary that's relevant  to ALL conversational English. Molly's job  

提高你的高級詞彙量，與所有英語會話相關。莫莉的工作

is photography. What other jobs do you  want me to explore? Let me know in the  

是攝影。你還希望我探索哪些工作？讓我知道在

comments. And be sure to download my Sounds  of American English cheat sheet, it's free,  

評論。請務必下載我的美國英語之聲小抄，它是免費的。

it's an illustrated reference guide for  you for the sounds of American English,  

這是為你提供的美式英語發音的圖文並茂的參考指南。

including the phonetic symbols you need to  know. Link here and in the video description.

包括你需要知道的音標。鏈接在這裡和視頻描述中。

Molly, how did you get into wedding photography?  How do you get gigs? How does all that work?

莫莉，你是如何進入婚禮攝影領域的？ 你是如何得到演出機會的？這一切是如何進行的？

I studied photography in college. I did  not really expect that weddings would be  

我在大學裡學習攝影。我真的沒有想到，婚禮會是

the route I would take but I shadowed a wedding  photographer who had her own business and I was  

但我曾跟隨一位有自己業務的婚禮攝影師，而我是

something that's called a second shooter, which  is kind of like the assistant. I walk around and  

一些被稱為第二攝影師的東西，這有點像助理。我走來走去，

I help her. When she takes pictures of  the women, I take pictures of the men.

我幫助她。當她給女人拍照時，我給男人拍照。

Let's focus in on some verbs here.

讓我們在這裡集中討論一些動詞。

Molly, how did you get into wedding  photography? How do you get gigs?

莫莉，你是如何進入婚禮攝影領域的？你是如何得到演出機會的？

Get into. A phrasal verb. To start learning about  something. Begin doing a new activity or hobby.  

進入。一個短語動詞。開始學習一些東西。開始做一項新的活動或愛好。

To express the opposite, we  say, “get out of.” For example,  

為了表達相反的意思，我們說，"擺脫"。例如：

I got out of the restaurant business  because it was too stressful.

我退出了餐飲業，因為它壓力太大。

Another way to use 'get into' is to mean you  become very passionate about something, you  

另一種使用 "進入 "的方式是指你對某事變得非常熱情，你

realize you just love it. I'd always liked art,  but I got really into ceramics in high school.  

認識到你只是喜歡它。我一直喜歡藝術，但我在高中時真正進入了陶藝。

We can also use the phase “what's gotten into  you?” to address someone who's acting strange,  

我們也可以用 "你怎麼了？"這個階段來稱呼一個表現奇怪的人。

or a child who is misbehaving a lot. For example,  if I take my kids out to dinner and they're being  

或一個經常行為不端的孩子。例如，如果我帶我的孩子出去吃飯，而他們正在

really loud and obnoxious, I might say, “guys,  what's gotten into you? Please quiet down.“

如果真的很吵很討厭，我可能會說，"夥計們，你們怎麼了？請安靜下來。"

I'd like to offer a quick thanks to  all my supporters here on YouTube who  

我想向YouTube上所有支持我的人表示感謝。

have joined my Youtube membership. You get  special badges to make your comments pop,  

已經加入了我的Youtube會員。你會得到特殊的徽章，使你的評論變得更加突出。

early release of videos when available,  access to members-only posts and videos,  

在有視頻時提前發佈，可以看到會員專用的帖子和視頻。

and the top tier gets a free monthly audio  lesson. Thank you! Click JOIN to learn more.

而最高級別的人可以得到每月一次的免費音頻課程。謝謝你!點擊加入以瞭解更多。

Molly, how did you get into wedding  photography? How do you get gigs?

莫莉，你是如何進入婚禮攝影領域的？你是如何得到演出機會的？

A gig is a noun that's a single professional  engagement. You're not an employee of a company,  

gig是一個名詞，是一個單一的職業約定。你不是一個公司的僱員。

but you've gotten hired to do one particular  thing. You're a contractor. Often we use this  

但你受僱做一件特別的事。你是一個承包商。通常我們用這個

for musical performances. Our band has a  gig at a club tonight. It can be used for  

為音樂表演。我們的樂隊今晚在一傢俱樂部有一場演出。它可以用於

any job though, especially one that  has a short or uncertain time frame.  

雖然任何工作，尤其是時間短或不確定的工作。

He's got a gig lifeguarding at the community pool  this summer. I've also heard gig used as a verb.

今年夏天，他在社區游泳池有一個救生員的工作。我還聽說gig被用作動詞。

The singers gigged with some of  the biggest names in the industry.

這些歌手與業內一些大牌歌手一起演出。

Here, I'm asking about Molly's individual events.  

在這裡，我問的是莫莉的個人項目。

How do people book you to take photos  of their wedding? How do you get gigs?

人們如何預訂你為他們的婚禮拍照？你是如何得到演出機會的？

I studied photography in college. I did not really  

我在大學裡學習攝影。我並沒有真正

expect that weddings would  be the route I would take.

預計婚禮將是我要走的路線。

The route I would take. A route is a course,  a way, a road for travel. She says route with  

我將採取的路線。路線是一條路線，一種方式，一條旅行的道路。她說的路線是指

the OW as in “now” diphthong, although I do  sometimes hear it route with the OO vowel.  

OW是 "現在 "的雙元音，儘管我有時會聽到它與OO元音的路線。

Mail carriers have a regular route they  take. A city bus has a route you can look  

郵差有一條固定的路線。一輛城市公車有一條路線，你可以看看

up. Molly said she didn't expect that she  would end up photographing weddings. She  

了。莫莉說，她沒有想到她最終會去拍攝婚禮。她

thought she might do something more related  to fine art, but she went the wedding route.

她認為自己可能會做一些與美術有關的事情，但她走的是婚禮路線。

But I shadowed a wedding photographer who  had her own business. I was something that's  

但我跟隨一位有自己業務的婚禮攝影師。我是一些

called a second shooter, which  is kind of like the assistant.

稱為第二射手，這有點像助理。

You've heard shadow as a noun. When a source  of light is blocked by something, that thing  

你聽說過陰影是一個名詞。當一個光源被某個東西擋住時，那個東西

casts a shadow. But have you heard shadow as  a verb? This is exactly what it sounds like.  

投下了陰影。但是你聽說過影子作為一個動詞嗎？這正是它聽起來的樣子。

She shadowed a wedding photographer. Molly walked  around very closely observing this person at work,  

她跟拍了一位婚禮攝影師。莫莉走來走去，非常仔細地觀察這個人的工作情況。

as if Molly herself were the photographer's  shadow. We use it as a verb especially when  

彷彿莫莉自己就是攝影師的影子。我們把它作為一個動詞使用，特別是在

talking about job shadowing. This is how you  would learn the tasks of a certain position.  

談論工作影子。這就是你如何學習某個職位的任務。

My nephew recently shadowed some  physical therapists since he was  

我的侄子最近跟蹤了一些物理治療師，因為他是

thinking of going into that field.  Let's hear that one more time.

想進入這個領域。 讓我們再聽一次。

But I shadowed a wedding photographer who  had her own business. I was something that's  

但我跟隨一位有自己業務的婚禮攝影師。我是一些

called a second shooter, which  is kind of like the assistant.

稱為第二射手，這有點像助理。

Now, as Molly is explaining her  experience being a second shooter,  

現在，當莫莉在解釋她作為第二拍攝者的經驗時。

listen for the verb tense she uses.

聽聽她用的是什麼動詞時態。

I walk around and I help her. When she takes  pictures of the women, I take pictures of the men.

我走來走去，我幫助她。當她給女人拍照時，我給男人拍照。

Did you catch it? Simple present. She's  speaking in present tense to explain the  

你抓住它了嗎？簡單現在時。她在用現在時態說話，解釋

job or tell a story even though she  actually did these actions in the  

工作或講故事，儘管她實際上是在做這些行為。

past. This is a conversational strategy  we use all the time. It helps make the  

過去。這是我們一直在使用的一種對話策略。它有助於使

story feel more relevant–kind of like  you're in it–like it's happening now.

故事感覺更相關--有點像你在其中--就像它現在發生的一樣。

Then I asked her what her favorite thing  about being a wedding photographer is.

然後我問她，作為一名婚禮攝影師，她最喜歡的事情是什麼。

I love being part of people's big day. I'm right  there. I'm right there when the bride, the groom,  

我喜歡成為人們大日子的一部分。我就在那裡。我就在那裡，當新娘子、新郎。

the grooms, whoever's getting married, I get to  be right there. I get to see them when they see  

新郎，不管是誰要結婚，我都能在那裡。我可以看到他們，當他們看到

each other for the first time. I get to interact  with their family members. It's so, so special.

彼此第一次見面。我可以與他們的家庭成員互動。這是如此，如此特別。

Big day. This is essentially a synonym for  wedding day or graduation day. But you can  

大日子。這基本上是婚禮日或畢業日的同義詞。但你可以

also use it for any life-changing event–even for  a retirement celebration or the birth of a child.  

也可用於任何改變生活的事件--甚至用於退休慶祝或孩子出生。

When's the big day? The baby's due October 29.

大日子是什麼時候？孩子的預產期是10月29日。

I get to capture it how I see it. And  the emotions I'm feeling. It's really  

我可以捕捉到我所看到的一切。以及我所感受到的情緒。這真的是

personal and I like that. And I love the  artistic side of it too. Taking pictures  

個人，我喜歡這樣。而且我也喜歡它的藝術性。拍照

of really small details like the flowers  and the rings, and interacting with guests.

鮮花和戒指等真正的小細節，並與客人互動。

Have you used this word?

你用過這個詞嗎？

I get to capture it how I see it.

我可以捕捉到我所看到的一切。

In the visual arts, like photography,  drawing, filmmaking, “capture” means  

在視覺藝術中，如攝影、繪畫、電影製作，"捕捉 "意味著

to represent or record something in lasting  form. The movie succeeded in capturing the  

以持久的形式代表或記錄某事。這部電影成功地捕捉到了

atmosphere of Berlin in the 1930s. The  painting captured the subject's mood.  

1930年代柏林的氣氛。這幅畫抓住了主題的情緒。

Another meaning of this verb is to take by  force. Or gain control over something or  

這個動詞的另一個意思是用武力奪取。或獲得對某物的控制權或

someone. The police captured the suspect. The army  captured the town. The ad captured our attention.

有人。警察抓住了嫌疑人。軍隊佔領了這個鎮。這則廣告吸引了我們的注意力。

And I love the artistic side of it too.

而且我也喜歡它的藝術性。

She uses the adjective of “art” here. That -ic  ending is the suffix ending that makes a noun an  

她在這裡使用了 "藝術 "的形容詞。這個-ic結尾是後綴結尾，使一個名詞成為

adjective. Artist–artistic. Fantasy–fantastic.  History–historic. Economy–economic. Noun,  

形容詞。藝術家-藝術性。Fantasy-幻想的。 History-歷史的。Economy-經濟。名詞。

adjective. Let me know if you think of others;  write them in the comments below. Also,  

形容詞。如果你想到其他的，請告訴我；在下面的評論中寫出來。還有。

I have an entire course on how suffixes like  -ic affect word stress. Come study with me at  

我有一門關於像-ic這樣的後綴如何影響單詞重音的完整課程。來跟我學習吧，地址是

your own pace at Rachel's English Academy.com if  you really want to train your American English.

如果你真的想訓練你的美式英語，你可以在Rachel's English Academy.com上按照自己的節奏進行訓練。

Here's another use of artistic.

這是藝術性的另一個用途。

It's just a cool way to like use like an artistic  eye as kind of a gift to give to other people.

這只是一種很酷的方式，就像用藝術的眼光作為一種禮物送給其他人一樣。

An eye, a way of seeing things. He has a great  eye for fashion. Or, my sister-in-law has a  

一雙眼睛，一種看待事物的方式。他對時尚有很好的眼光。或者說，我的小姨子有一雙

good eye for thrifting. She sees something  for sale cheap that she knows she can sell  

她有一雙善於節儉的眼睛。她看到廉價出售的東西，她知道她可以賣掉。

for a nice profit online. An artistic eye means  an artistic way of seeing things. She's able to  

在網上獲得豐厚的利潤。藝術眼光意味著看待事物的藝術方式。她能夠

get more artful, beautiful shots than someone  like me, who doesn't have an artistic eye.

比起像我這樣沒有藝術眼光的人，能得到更多有藝術性的、美麗的鏡頭。

Then I asked Molly what the  hardest part of her work is.

然後我問莫莉，她工作中最困難的部分是什麼。

Hardest thing is it is very physical. I'm  on my feet for eight hours. I'm always on.

最困難的事情是它非常耗費體力。我八個小時都站著。我總是在。

On my feet. Standing, walking, up  and active. If you're on your feet,  

在我的腳下。站著，走著，起來，活躍起來。如果你是站著的

you're moving around. You're standing all day.

你在四處走動。你整天都在站著。

Hardest thing is it is very physical. I'm  on my feet for eight hours. I'm always on.

最困難的事情是它非常耗費體力。我八個小時都站著。我總是在。

I'm on all day. This implies on-duty, work,  or doing something official. My husband and  

我整天都在工作。這意味著值班，工作，或做一些正式的事情。我的丈夫和

I also use it to talk about parenting. Hey,  can you be on from 4-5? I'd like to work out.

我也用它來談論育兒問題。嘿，你能從4-5點開始上班嗎？我想鍛鍊身體。

Now, we'll hear 5 phrases that you  can use to describe pretty much any  

現在，我們將聽到5個短語，你可以用來描述幾乎所有的

job where you're putting in 110%. That is,  you're working hard and doing your best.

你投入110%的工作。也就是說，你正在努力工作，並盡你最大的努力。

It is high-pressure. You don't want to miss  anything. And you want to do your best. You're  

它是高壓的。你不希望錯過任何事情。而且你想做到最好。你是

giving a client a product, and you want it  to be up to your own standards of delivering  

給客戶一個產品，你希望它能達到你自己的交付標準。

a product that you think is good and captures  the mood of the certain event that you're at.

你認為好的產品，並能捕捉到你所參加的某個活動的氣氛。

Right, and there are no  redos; you can't do it again.

對，而且沒有重做，你不能再做了。

Um-m. Do the cake cut again? No. I'm always  really, that's the part that I think is the most  

Um-m.再做一次切蛋糕？不，我總是真的，這是我認為最重要的部分。

emotionally stressful is I have to get it. And if  I don't get it, they're not getting it captured  

情感上的壓力是我必須得到它。如果我不明白，他們也不會明白。

by me. Like, maybe a guest has a cell phone out  and they're taking a picture, but it's up to me.

由我來決定。比如，也許客人拿出了手機，他們在拍照，但這取決於我。

it's high-pressure. It's stressful. The  outcome depends very much on me and how I  

它是高壓的。它是有壓力的。結果在很大程度上取決於我和我的方式。

perform. Something that's high-pressure  also implies that you have to get it  

執行。高壓的東西也意味著你必須要得到它

right the first time. If you can try  something as many times as you need to,  

第一次就對了。如果你能根據需要多次嘗試一些東西。

then there's not much pressure. But in  this case, when things only happen once,  

那麼就沒有什麼壓力了。但在這種情況下，當事情只發生一次。

you have to capture it right the first time,  the only time. There is no second chance.

你必須在第一次，也是唯一的一次，就把它抓好。沒有第二次機會。

Up to your own standards. Your own level of  quality. Everyone has their own standards.  

達到你自己的標準。你自己的品質水準。每個人都有自己的標準。

They might be high, they maybe not so high, but  you want to make sure you're meeting your own  

它們可能很高，也可能沒那麼高，但你要確保你滿足你自己的要求。

standards so you can feel good about what you're  doing. We use this with things like work and  

標準，這樣你就能對你所做的事情感到滿意。我們將此用於諸如工作和

products, but also with relationships. If someone  is always ending relationships because of finding  

產品，但也與關係有關。如果有人總是因為發現自己的關係而結束

flaws, you might say, her standards are too high.  She's never going to find a perfect partner.

缺點，你可能會說，她的標準太高了。 她永遠不可能找到一個完美的伴侶。

Delivering a product. To finish a task or  product and get it to the person purchasing.  

交付產品。完成一項任務或產品，並將其交給購買的人。

My video editor should be delivering  the next round of edits by Tuesday.

我的視頻編輯應該在週二前交付下一輪的編輯。

No redos. Redo, do again. You can't do it  again, there are no redos. If you mess up,  

沒有重做。重做，再做。你不能再做，沒有重做。如果你搞砸了

that's too bad. This is where that  high-pressure feeling comes from.

那就太糟糕了。這就是那種高壓感覺的來源。

It's up to me. It's my job. It's my  responsibility. If I don't do it,  

這由我決定。這是我的工作。這是我的責任。如果我不這樣做

it won't get done. It's up to me.

它將不會被完成。這取決於我。

Now, we're going to move quickly. I've  pulled 14 vocabulary terms, phrases,  

現在，我們要快速行動。我已經拉出了14個詞彙，短語。

or idioms that you can use to discuss  any field of work. I'll put the phrases  

或成語，你可以用它們來討論任何領域的工作。我將把這些短語

on-screen as they happen in the conversation,  and then give a brief definition at the end.

在對話中發生時在螢幕上顯示，然後在最後給出一個簡短的定義。

So, I have a website. And  it's kind of word-of-mouth.

所以，我有一個網站。它是一種口口相傳的方式。

Word-of-mouth. Informal, oral communication.  Her advertising is mostly word of mouth.  

口耳相傳。非正式的、口頭的交流。 她的廣告主要是口口相傳。

She doesn't pay to run ads. But  people use her for their weddings,  

她不花錢做廣告。但人們用她來舉辦婚禮。

and then they tell friends  about it. Word of mouth.

然後他們把它告訴朋友。口口相傳。

I'm not super great at like sharing  beyond that. Marketing yourself.

除此以外，我不太擅長像分享。營銷自己。

Marketing yourself. This includes everything  from building your own personal brand to a  

營銷自己。這包括從建立你自己的個人品牌到一個

list of potential customers to showcasing what  you do online and in person. Getting your name  

潛在客戶的名單，以展示你在網上和現場的工作。獲得你的名字

out there. It's very proactive. This is different  from word-of-mouth where other people are telling  

在那裡。這是很主動的。這與口口相傳不同，在口口相傳的過程中，其他人會告訴你。

potential clients about you, you yourself  have to do it. You're marketing yourself.

如果你想讓潛在客戶瞭解你，你自己必須這樣做。你在推銷自己。

How do you make a living at  that kind of photography?

你是如何在這種攝影中謀生的？

Make a living. To earn the money you need  to pay for housing, food, transportation,  

謀生。為了掙錢，你需要支付住房、食物、交通。

healthcare and so on. I'm a writer, but  to make a living, I work at a restaurant.

保健等等。我是一名作家，但為了謀生，我在一家餐館工作。

Also, to kind of sustain and support  photographers, a lot of photographers do wedding.

另外，為了維持和支持攝影師，很多攝影師都在做婚禮。

Sustain and support. Here, these words are  synonyms for the idiom, “make a living.”  

維持和支持。在這裡，這些詞是成語 "謀生 "的同義詞。

Paying for life's necessities. Their passion may  be nature photography, but they can't make enough  

支付生活必需品的費用。他們的熱情可能是自然攝影，但他們無法賺到足夠的錢

money doing that to live, so they pick up wedding  photography to sustain and support themselves.

做這些事是為了生活，所以他們拿起婚禮攝影來維持和支持自己。

Or portraits, engagement sessions. A headshot.

或肖像畫，訂婚儀式。一張頭像。

A headshot is a photo of someone's face–especially  

頭像是一個人的臉部照片--特別是

taken for the purpose of promoting that  person in some way professionally. I had  

為了以某種方式促進該人的職業發展而拍攝的。我有

headshots taken back when I was a singer  going out for various opera auditions.

早在我還是一名歌手時，為各種歌劇試鏡拍攝的頭像。

Wedding photography is a  way to keep yourself going.

婚紗攝影是一種讓自己持續發展的方式。

Keep yourself going. Another  synonym for “make a living” in  

讓自己繼續下去。"謀生 "的另一個同義詞在

this case. Pay the bills. You may  have also heard, “make ends meet.”

這種情況下。支付賬單。你可能也聽說過，"入不敷出"。

Wedding photography is a way to  keep yourself going so that you  

婚紗攝影是一種讓自己持續發展的方式，這樣你就可以

can also do some more artistic things on the side.

也可以做一些更多的藝術方面的事情，在旁邊。

On the side. Maybe you've used this when  ordering food. I'd like the dressing on the  

在邊上。也許你在點菜時用過這個。我想把調味品放在

side. This means I want a salad but I don't want  the salad dressing mixed in, you want it separate,  

側面。這意味著我想吃沙拉，但我不想讓沙拉醬混在裡面，你想把它分開。

in its own container, on the side. Or, a side  dish. Not your main entree. I'd like a burger  

在它自己的容器裡，放在一邊。或者說，是一道配菜。而不是你的主菜。我想要一個漢堡

with a side of onion rings. With work it means,  in addition to, not your main thing. I teach  

配上洋蔥圈。對於工作，它的意思是，除此之外，不是你的主要事情。我教

kindergarten, but I also babysit a little  on the side. She takes photos at weddings,  

幼兒園，但我也兼職做一些保姆。她在婚禮上拍照。

but she also has a photojournalism blog  on the side. It's not her main work.

但她同時也有一個攝影新聞博客。這不是她的主要工作。

I am currently an elementary arts teacher,  so when I'm not shooting weddings, I'm  

我目前是一名小學藝術教師，所以當我不拍攝婚禮的時候，我會

teaching children art.

教兒童藝術。

Here, shooting means taking pictures. It  can also mean taking video. In other uses,  

在這裡，拍攝意味著拍照。它也可以指拍攝視頻。在其他用途中。

it refers to firing a weapon.

它指的是發射武器。

I've been able to incorporate a lot  of photography into my elementary  

我已經能夠將大量的攝影作品納入我的小學教育中

art lessons. Teaching kids how to hold  cameras, how to use the basic functions,  

藝術課。教孩子們如何拿相機，如何使用基本功能。

that's been a fun way to kind  of merge both of my interests.

這是將我的兩種興趣融合在一起的一種有趣方式。

Merge. Combine. Unite. Blend. I love creating  videos and I love accent training. Teaching  

合併。合併。團結起來。融合。我喜歡創作視頻，我喜歡口音培訓。教學

you through Rachel's English allows  me to merge these two interests.

通過瑞秋的英語，我可以將這兩個興趣融合在一起。

So when you, I mean at this  point, you're experienced enough,  

所以當你，我的意思是在這一點上，你有足夠的經驗。

you know exactly what to put in your contract.

你確切地知道在你的合同中應該寫些什麼。

Experienced enough. Lived through doing something.  You've done it, and you've learned through things  

有足夠的經驗。經歷過做某件事。 你已經做了，你已經通過事情學習了

that have gone well, things that have not gone  well. You've learned from all of these. It's  

順利的事情，不順利的事情。你已經從所有這些中學習了。它是