Maybe someone close to you passes away, or your spouse has an affair, or you unexpectedly

也許你身邊的人去世了，或者你的配偶有了外遇，或者你意外地

lose a limb in a car crash, and you find yourself asking, “why me, why now, and why this way?”

在車禍中失去肢體，你發現自己在問："為什麼是我，為什麼是現在，為什麼是這種方式？"

And in return, the world gives you no reply.

而作為回報，世界沒有給你任何答覆。

All of these events—all of these effects—have a cause.

所有這些事件--所有這些影響--都有一個原因。

The world is a place of causes and effects after all.

世界畢竟是一個有因有果的地方。

But there's no reason, not one we can determine at least, behind these causes and effects.

但在這些因果關係的背後，沒有任何理由，至少沒有我們可以確定的理由。

You'll never find a clear “why” behind any tragedy.

你永遠也找不到任何悲劇背後明確的 "原因"。

For Camus, the world is absurd.

對加繆來說，世界是荒謬的。

It's just there and it couldn't care less about us.

它只是在那裡，它不能關心我們。

The stars don't shine with a purpose, the galaxies don't move with a plan in mind,

星星不是有目的的閃耀，星系不是有計劃的移動。

nor do the planets circle for any other reason besides the laws of physics.

除了物理定律之外，行星的旋轉也沒有任何其他原因。

Camus calls this experience The Absurd: a feeling born from the contradiction between

加繆把這種體驗稱為 "荒誕"：一種來自於 "荒誕 "與 "荒誕 "之間的矛盾的感覺。

our desire to find meaning in this world and a silent world that has none to give.

我們渴望在這個世界上找到意義，而這個沉默的世界卻沒有任何意義可言。

And for many people, the feeling of absurdity is unbearable.

而對許多人來說，這種荒謬的感覺是無法忍受的。

They can't imagine being happy without a meaning in life, so they find a way to escape

他們無法想象沒有生活意義的快樂，所以他們找到了一種逃避的方式。

The Absurd.

荒唐的事情。

And the most common form of escape is through the forced adoption of meaning.

而最常見的逃避形式是通過強制採用意義。

Whether it's through a religion, philosophy, or politics, people find something to believe

無論是通過宗教、哲學還是政治，人們都能找到自己相信的東西。

in and make that the meaning for their own lives.

在，並使之成為他們自己生活的意義。

But for Camus, this makes no sense.

但對加繆來說，這毫無意義。

The world has no meaning, so it's absurd to derive one.

世界沒有意義，所以推導出一個意義是荒謬的。

And in addition to that, instead of making you happy, deriving a meaning from life actually

而除此之外，非但不能使你快樂，從生活中獲得的意義其實是

robs you of your intrinsic freedom.

剝奪了你的內在自由。

Just imagine the person who joins a religion and now has to act in accordance with the

試想一下，一個人加入了一個宗教，現在必須按照《聖經》的規定行事。

rules of that religion.

該宗教的規則。

According to Camus, this person has lost the freedom of action.

根據加繆的說法，這個人已經失去了行動的自由。

There are certain actions which they can no longer do if they want to abide by the rules

如果他們想遵守規則，有一些行為是不能再做的

of that religion.

該宗教的。

And the same loss of freedom occurs for someone who adopts a new philosophy or joins a new

而對於一個採用新的哲學或加入一個新的組織的人來說，同樣會失去自由。

political movement.

政治運動。

But the adoption of meaning doesn't just rob you of freedom, it also dulls your mind.

但對意義的採用不僅剝奪了你的自由，也使你的頭腦變得遲鈍。

Because instead of seeing the world as it is, you begin to see it through the distorting

因為你沒有看到世界的本來面目，而是開始通過扭曲的

lens of your new ideology.

你的新意識形態的鏡頭。

Through the lens of religion, everything get evaluated as sin or not sin.

通過宗教的視角，一切都被評估為有罪或無罪。

Through the lens of philosophy, everything becomes virtue or vice.

通過哲學的鏡頭，一切都成為美德或罪惡。

Through the lens of politics, everything becomes oppressor and oppressed.

通過政治的鏡頭，一切都成為壓迫者和被壓迫者。

So how do we deal with The Absurd if we don't want to escape it through the forced adoption

那麼，如果我們不想通過強制通過來逃避荒誕，我們該如何處理荒誕呢？

of meaning.

的意義。

For Camus, happiness doesn't lie in /the discovery/ of a meaning, but rather /the search/

對加繆來說，幸福並不在於對意義的發現，而在於尋找

for a meaning.

以求得一種意義。

Finding an answer is not as important as living the question.

找到一個答案並不像生活中的問題那麼重要。

And Camus calls the commitment to keep searching for a meaning, even though none exists, revolt.

而加繆將這種即使不存在意義也要繼續尋找意義的承諾稱為反叛。

Revolt is the path to freedom, passion, and happiness.

造反是通往自由、激情和幸福的道路。

For Camus, the human condition is most comparable to The Myth of Sisyphus.

對加繆來說，人類的狀況與《西西弗斯的神話》最有可比性。

Sisyphus was condemned by the Greek gods to an eternal punishment.

西西弗斯被希臘諸神判處了永恆的懲罰。

He must roll a boulder up a mountain only to watch it fall back down, over and over

他必須把一塊巨石滾上山，然後看著它一次又一次地掉下來。

again, for all eternity.

再一次，為所有的永恆。

This is Sisyphus' imprisonment and punishment: eternally, fruitless labor.

這就是西西弗斯的監禁和懲罰：永恆的、無結果的勞動。

And like Sisyphus, we're condemned to work without reward.

像西西弗斯一樣，我們註定要工作而沒有回報。

We're prisoners, punished with the task of seeking meaning in a world that has none

我們是囚犯，被罰在一個沒有意義的世界中尋求意義。

to give.

給予。

But I think Camus' genius lies in this insight: “There is no fate that cannot be surmounted

但我認為加繆的天才在於這個洞察力："沒有什麼命運是不能超越的

by scorn.”

被蔑視。"

We can look up at the gods and say, “no, this isn't my punishment.

我們可以仰望神明，說："不，這不是我的懲罰。

I acknowledge and accept my fate.

我承認並接受我的命運。

I want it this way.

我想這樣做。

I want to keep searching even though I know that search will amount to nothing.

我想繼續尋找，儘管我知道這種尋找將一無所獲。

I enjoy searching.

我喜歡搜索。

I don't need to find something.

我不需要找東西。

Searching is enough for me.”

搜索對我來說已經足夠了。"

And in this way, our punishment ceases to be a punishment.

這樣一來，我們的懲罰就不再是懲罰了。

We spit in the face of our captors.

我們在俘虜的臉上吐口水。

If I throw you in prison with the hopes of punishing you, but you sincerely desire to

如果我把你扔進監獄，希望懲罰你，但你真誠地希望

be in that prison, then I've failed in punishing you.

是在那個監獄裡，那麼我對你的懲罰就失敗了。

You've beat me.

你已經打敗了我。

And similarly, by continuing our relentless search for meaning, we overcome the gods and

同樣地，通過繼續不懈地尋找意義，我們克服了神靈和

our fates.

我們的命運。

By enjoying the search itself, we revolt.

通過享受搜索本身，我們反抗了。

Through our revolt, we become free.

通過我們的反抗，我們變得自由。

No longer restricted or bound by some pre-packaged ideology—by some forced adoption of meaning–we

我們不再被一些預先包裝好的意識形態所限制或束縛，不再被一些強制採用的意義所束縛。

become free to fully experience life the way we want.

成為自由人，以我們想要的方式充分體驗生活。

We're free to act in the way we wish, and through this freedom, we become passionate

我們可以自由地以我們希望的方式行事，通過這種自由，我們變得充滿激情

and alive.

並活著。

We don't need a meaning to be happy in life, and in fact, a meaning often just gets in

我們不需要一個意義來獲得生活的快樂，事實上，一個意義往往只是得到在

the way of happiness and freedom.

幸福和自由之路。

It limits your action and dulls your mind.

它限制了你的行動，使你的思想變得遲鈍。

/The discovery/ of meaning isn't as important as /the search/ for meaning.

/發現/意義並不像/尋找/意義那樣重要。

By continuing to search, you revolt against the gods.

繼續尋找，就是對神明的反抗。

You turn your punishment into your reward, and by doing so, you overcome it.

你把你的懲罰變成你的獎勵，通過這樣做，你戰勝了它。

You become free to search for meaning wherever you like and experience the fullness of life,

你變得自由，可以在任何你喜歡的地方尋找意義，體驗生命的充實。

and by doing so, you become alive.

並通過這樣做，你變得有活力。

The search is enough, or as Camus put it, “the struggle itself toward the heights

尋找就夠了，或者如加繆所說，"向著高處的鬥爭本身

is enough to fill a man's heart.

足夠填滿一個人的心。

One must imagine Sisyphus happy.”

人們必須想象西西弗斯的快樂"。