This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.

我是尼爾。而我是貝絲。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about the story.

確保你看完後，學習詞彙來談論這個故事。

And don't forget to subscribe to this channel, like the video

別忘了訂閱這個頻道，喜歡這個視頻

and try the quiz on our website. Now, the story.

並嘗試在我們的網站上進行測驗。現在，故事來了。

"Neither headscarf, nor humiliation. Freedom and equality."

"既沒有頭巾，也沒有羞辱。自由和平等"。

This is one thing university students

這是大學生們的一件事

last month when a young woman died after being arrested by the morality police

上個月，一名年輕女子在被道德警察逮捕後死亡。

for not covering her hair.

因為她沒有遮住頭髮。

Many members of the younger generation say they want a different lifestyle

許多年輕一代的成員說他們想要一種不同的生活方式

and don't identify with the Iranian regime.

並不認同伊朗政權。

Human rights groups say two hundred people have died in the protests so far.

人權組織說，到目前為止，已有兩百人在抗議活動中死亡。

You've been looking at the headlines,

你一直在看頭條新聞。

Beth. What's the vocabulary? We have 'fan flames', 'wave' and 'Gen Z'.

貝絲詞彙是什麼？我們有'扇形火焰'、'波浪'和'Z世代'。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

Let's have a look at our first headline.

讓我們看一下我們的第一個標題。

This one is from The Financial Times.  

這篇來自《金融時報》。

And, so, the headline is saying that celebrities inside

所以，標題是說，裡面的名人

and out of Iran are taking part in anti-regime protests, that's protests

伊朗人正在參加反政權的抗議活動，這就是抗議活動。

against the current political system.

反對當前的政治制度。

But the expression that we are looking at is 'fan flames'

但我們要看的表達是'扇形火焰'

or, fully, 'fanned the flames of something'.

或者說，完全是'煽風點火'的事。

And we need to break that down, the first part is the word 'fan'.

而我們需要將其分解，第一部分是 "粉絲 "一詞。

Now, Beth, we are in a TV studio.

現在，貝絲，我們是在一個電視演播室。

There are lights. They're quite hot.

有燈光。他們相當熱。

Yep, you're right.

是的，你是對的。

Sometimes it gets so hot in here that we have to 'fan' ourselves to cool down.

有時這裡會變得非常熱，我們不得不為自己 "扇風 "來降溫。

Yeah. OK, so that's the first part, 'fan'.

是的。好，所以這是第一部分，"粉絲"。

We need to look at the second part now, 'flames'.

我們現在需要看看第二部分，'火焰'。

If you light a fire,

如果你點燃了火

let's say a barbecue, and you want to make the flames more intense,

比方說，一個燒烤場，你想讓火焰更加強烈。

You can 'fan the flames' and they get stronger.

你可以'煽風點火'，它們就會變得更加強大。

That's the expression 'fan the flames', but we're not talking literally here.

這就是 "煽風點火 "的說法，但我們在這裡說的不是字面意思。

No. So, generally speaking, 'fan the flames' is an expression

不，所以，一般來說，"煽風點火 "是一種表達方式

used metaphorically, and it usually means 'to make

用作比喻，通常是指 "使

a tense situation even more tense'. Now, in this headline, celebrities

緊張的局勢更加緊張'。現在，在這個標題中，名人

are encouraging and supporting the protests.

正在鼓勵和支持這些抗議活動。

So, that's why we're using it.

是以，這就是我們使用它的原因。

They are making the fire bigger or making the protests bigger.

他們正在使火勢變大，或使抗議活動變大。

That's right. So, celebrities want to encourage the protesters

這就對了。是以，名人要鼓勵抗議者

to carry on until they achieve what they are trying to get.

繼續下去，直到他們實現他們想要得到的東西。

They are 'fanning the flames'.

他們在'煽風點火'。

Do we have any other expressions like this?

我們還有其他類似的表達方式嗎？

Yes, we have 'add fuel to the fire'.

是的，我們有'火上澆油'。

Now, if you 'add fuel',

現在，如果你'添加燃料'。

something like wood or coal, to a fire then it gets bigger. Now, again,

像木頭或煤這樣的東西，到了火上，它就會變大。現在，再次。

this expression is used metaphorically and it means 'to encourage a situation

這句話是比喻性的，意思是 "鼓勵一種情況"。

in which there are strong or high emotions'.

其中有強烈或高漲的情緒'。

OK, let's take a look at that again.

好吧，讓我們再看看這個。

Let's have our next headline.

讓我們來看看下一個頭條新聞。

This is from France 24.

這是來自法國24臺的消息。

And so the headline is saying that fame, or being famous, is not a shield

是以，標題是說，名聲，或出名，並不是一個擋箭牌

against arrest. A shield is something that protects you.

反對逮捕。盾牌是可以保護你的東西。

So, celebrities are also being arrested.

是以，名人也在被逮捕。

But the word we're interested in is 'wave'.

但我們感興趣的詞是 "波"。

But we're not talking about water or oceans, are we?

但我們不是在談論水或海洋，是嗎？

No, but if you think about a 'wave' in the ocean,

沒有，但如果你想一想海洋中的 "波浪"。

it start small and then it gets bigger, before getting smaller again.

它開始時很小，然後變大，再變小。

So, in this headline 'wave' is used to mean

是以，在這個標題中，'波'是指

that a lot of arrests are happening at the moment - 'arrest wave'.

目前正在發生大量的逮捕事件--"逮捕潮"。

Yeah. So, since the protests began,

是的。所以，自從抗議活動開始後。

there's been a large number of arrests - a 'wave' of arrests.

出現了大量的逮捕--一個逮捕的 "浪潮"。

Yes, so, in the summer this year,

是的，所以，在今年的夏天。

we heard a lot about 'heatwaves'.

我們聽到很多關於 "熱浪 "的消息。

That's high temperatures for a specific amount of time.

這是在特定時間內的高溫。

We also sometimes hear about 'a wave of sickness',

我們有時也會聽到 "疾病的浪潮"。

which is lots of people getting sick at the same time.

這就是很多人在同一時間生病。

Yeah. Are there any other words like 'wave' that have this similar meaning?

是的。還有其他像 "波 "這樣的詞有這種類似的意思嗎？

Yeah. So we can use 'surge'. Again, like a wave, it's connected to water,

是的。是以，我們可以使用 "浪湧"。同樣，像波浪一樣，它與水相連。

but it's used metaphorically to mean 'a large amount of something happening

但它被用來比喻為 "大量的事情發生"。

at one time', like a 'power surge' or a 'crowd surge', for example.

在同一時間"，例如，像 "電力激增 "或 "人群激增"。

OK, let's look at that one more time.

好吧，讓我們再看一次。

Our next headline, please.

我們的下一個頭條新聞，請。

This is from The Telegraph.

這是《電訊報》的報道。

Yes, so, the headline is saying that 'Gen Z' is a 'fearsome

是的，所以，標題是說，"Z世代 "是一個 "可怕的

opponent' of the regime. 'Fearsome' means 'frightening' and

政權的'反對者'。'可怕'是指'令人恐懼'和

'opponent' is someone or a group against another group.

對手 "是指某人或某團體與另一團體對抗。

And the headline is saying that this group, 'Gen Z',

而標題是說，這個群體，'Z世代'。

are the most frightening opposition group for the government in Iran.

是伊朗政府最可怕的反對派團體。

But who or what exactly is 'Gen Z' or 'Gen Z'?

但究竟誰或什麼是 "Z世代 "或 "Z世代"？

Well, 'Gen Z' is short for 'Generation Z', and it refers to people who were

好吧，"Z世代 "是 "Z世代 "的簡稱，它指的是那些曾經是

born in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

出生於1990年代末和2000年代初。

Now, in Iran and a lot of the protesters are school age

現在，在伊朗，很多抗議者都是學齡兒童

or university age and that is the age group that is known as 'Gen Z'.

或大學年齡，這就是被稱為 "Z世代 "的年齡組。

But, we have other names for other generations. What are they?

但是，我們有其他世代的名字。它們是什麼？

Yeah, so we have 'millennials'. That refers to people born

是的，所以我們有 "千禧一代"。這指的是出生在

between the early 1980s and the mid 90s, that's me.

在20世紀80年代初和90年代中期之間，那就是我。

We then have 'Generation X'.

然後我們有 "X一代"。

They were born between mid 1960 and the early 1980s.

他們出生於1960年中期至1980年代初。

And that's me. And then there are the 'baby boomers' who were born

而這就是我。然後是 "嬰兒潮一代"，他們出生在

after World War Two. Yes, and that my parents' generation.

第二次世界大戰後。是的，而且是我父母那一代。

So, why do we have these expressions? Why do we need them?

那麼，為什麼我們有這些表達方式？我們為什麼需要它們？

Well, classifying groups of people by their age is an easy way to differentiate

那麼，按年齡對人群進行分類是一種簡單的區分方法。

between different groups of people, different generations,

不同的人群，不同的年代之間。

  and it can make it easier for the reader

並能使讀者更容易接受

if they immediately know which generation and their, kind of,

如果他們立即知道哪一代人和他們的，種。

supposed characteristics that they're reading about.

他們正在閱讀的所謂特徵。

Yeah. OK, let's have a look at that again.

是的。好的，讓我們再看看這個。

We've had 'fan the flames of something', encourage an already tense situation.

我們已經有了'煽風點火'的東西，鼓勵一個已經緊張的局勢。

'Wave', lots of things are happening at once.

'波'，很多事情都在同時發生。

And 'Gen Z', the group of people born between the late 1990s and the early 2000s.

還有'Z世代'，即1990年代末至2000年代初之間出生的人群。

Don't forget, there is a quiz on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

別忘了，我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com上有一個測驗。

Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Bye.

謝謝你加入我們，再見。再見。