This is News Review from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.

這裡是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。我是尼爾。我是貝絲。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about today's story.

請確保你看完了，以學習詞彙來談論今天的故事。

And remember to like this video, subscribe to our channel

並記得喜歡這個視頻，訂閱我們的頻道

and try the quiz is on our website. Now, let's hear more about the story.

並嘗試在我們的網站上進行測驗。現在，讓我們聽聽更多關於這個故事。

A third of a country under water. Floods caused by record monsoon rains in Pakistan

一個國家的三分之一在水中。巴基斯坦創紀錄的季風降雨引發的洪水

have killed over a thousand people and affected over 33 million others.  

導致一千多人死亡，另有3300多萬人受到影響。

It's thought the cost of dealing with the crisis

人們認為處理危機的成本

will reach over ten billion dollars.

將達到100多億美元。

One of Pakistan's regional governments has called the disaster

巴基斯坦的一個地區政府將這場災難稱為

a climate change catastrophe.

氣候變化的災難。

You've been looking at the headlines, Beth.

你一直在看頭條新聞，貝絲。

What's the vocabulary?  

詞彙是什麼？

We have 'on steroids', 'swamped' and 'hallmarks'.

我們有'類固醇'、'淹沒'和'標誌'。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

Let's have a look at our first headline. This one comes from CNN.

讓我們看看我們的第一個頭條新聞。這條新聞來自CNN。

And so the meaning of this headline is that the United Nations chief,

是以，這個標題的含義是，聯合國負責人。

now, chief is a word often used in newspaper headlines

現在，酋長是報紙頭條中經常使用的一個詞

to mean the head of an organisation.

是指一個組織的負責人。

He has described this monsoon

他曾描述過這個季風

as 'on steroids' and that's the expression

作為'類固醇'，這就是表達方式

we are looking at today,'on steroids'. And you hear the word 'steroids',

我們今天看到的是 "類固醇"。你聽到 "類固醇 "這個詞。

often used to talk about cheating in sports.

常常被用來談論體育界的作弊行為。

'Steroids' are used by sportspeople illegally to gain an unfair advantage.

運動員非法使用'類固醇'是為了獲得不公平的優勢。

Basically, to make themselves stronger than they can

基本上，為了使自己變得比他們能夠做到的更強大

naturally become themselves. A more powerful version of themselves, really.

自然成為他們自己。一個更強大的版本的自己，真的。

Yeah, so if we describe something, in this case, a monsoon,

是的，所以如果我們描述一個東西，在這種情況下，一個季風。

as 'on steroids', we mean

作為 "類固醇"，我們指的是

it's a far more extreme, a stronger version.

它是一個更極端、更強大的版本。

Now, this expression was used by the head of the UN -

現在，這個表達方式是由聯合國負責人使用的--

an important position. Does that mean it's really formal?

一個重要的位置。這是否意味著它真的很正式？

Well, that's not always the case.

嗯，情況並非總是如此。

So, yes. He is the head of the UN,

所以，是的。他是聯合國的負責人。

but that doesn't mean that he always needs to speak

但這並不意味著他總是需要說話。

formally. So formality really is all about context. And here

正式的。是以，正式性真的與背景有關。而在這裡

he used 'monsoon on steroids'

他使用了 "類固醇季風"。

when he was launching an appeal.

當他正在發起上訴時。

That's right. Yes, he wants to make his speech dramatic,

這就對了。是的，他想讓他的演講具有戲劇性。

he wants to appeal to lots of people.

他想吸引很多人。

So, it's fine to use this expression 'on steroids'.

是以，使用這種表達方式 "打了類固醇 "是可以的。

You probably wouldn't see it, though, in a formal academic written paper.

不過，你可能不會在正式的學術書面論文中看到它。

Yeah, that's true. And you can use it in any situation

是的，那是真的。而且你可以在任何情況下使用它

where you're comparing something more extreme than something else.

在這裡，你正在比較一些比其他東西更極端的東西。

So, Neil, if you compare your smartphone now with your first ever mobile phone.

所以，尼爾，如果你把現在的智能手機與你的第一部手機進行比較。

Yes, well, my smartphone is far more powerful.

是的，嗯，我的智能手機要強大得多。

It's like my mobile phone on steroids.

它就像我的類固醇手機。

Let's have a look at that again.

讓我們再看一下。

Let's look at our next headline.

讓我們看看我們的下一個頭條新聞。

This one comes from The Times of Israel.

這篇報道來自《以色列時報》。

The headline is saying that Pakistan is 'swamped'.

標題是說，巴基斯坦被 "淹沒 "了。

It means that it is under water and it's the word 'swamped',

它的意思是它在水下，是'淹沒'這個詞。

that we're looking at now. In this headline,

我們現在正在看的。在這個頭條新聞中。

it has a literal meaning.

它有一個字面的意思。

A 'swamp', as a noun, is an area of very wet land and we can use it

沼澤 "作為一個名詞，是一個非常潮溼的土地區域，我們可以使用它

in the same sense as a verb. So, 'to swamp' is to make something very wet.

與動詞的意義相同。是以，"沼澤 "是指使某物非常溼潤。

Yes, and so, Pakistan has literally been 'swamped'.

是的，是以，巴基斯坦實際上已經被 "淹沒 "了。

It's, large parts of it are covered with water.

它的，很大一部分都被水覆蓋。

But it's very common to hear this word used in a non-literal way.

但聽到這個詞以非字面的方式使用是很常見的。

So, as an example, Beth:

是以，作為一個例子，貝絲。

Are you swamped at the moment?  

你現在是不是很忙？

Now, this may sound really not that important,

現在，這可能聽起來真的不是那麼重要。

compared to what is happening in Pakistan at the moment, but

與目前在巴基斯坦發生的情況相比，但

we do use 'swamped' in this way to talk about having too much work to do.

我們確實以這種方式使用'swamped'來談論有太多的工作要做。

So, in answer to your question, Neil.

是以，在回答你的問題時，尼爾。

Last week, I had to finish a project.

上週，我必須完成一個項目。

And, yeah, I was really busy. I was 'swamped'.

而且，是的，我真的很忙。我被 "淹沒 "了。

Yeah. OK, so there's the sense that there's too much to do.

是的。好的，所以有一種感覺，就是有太多的事情要做。

Also, that it's about

同時，這也是關於

to get even worse and that it is very difficult to cope.

變得更加糟糕，而且非常難以應對。

There's another expression with a similar meaning 'to be snowed

還有一個意思類似的表達方式，即 "被雪壓"。

under'. 'To be snowed under' by work.

下'。被工作壓在身下'。

Yes. And we very often use this as well with students.

是的。而且我們也經常對學生使用這個方法。

If they have their exams,

如果他們有自己的考試。

they have to study a lot.

他們必須大量學習。

So they might be snowed under.

所以他們可能會被雪藏。

Let's take a look at that again.

讓我們再看一下。

Let's have a look at our next headline.

讓我們看看我們的下一個頭條新聞。

This one comes from The Economic Times.

這篇報道來自《經濟時報》。

And we are looking at the word 'hallmarks'.

而我們正在看 "標誌 "這個詞。

The headline is saying that these floods have the 'hallmarks' of global warming,

標題是說，這些洪水有全球變暖的 "特徵"。

and it's the second part of the word

而這是該詞的第二部分

'hallmarks' were interested in, 'marks'.

'標記'感興趣，'標記'。

Yeah. So, marks are symbols and literally a 'hallmark' is a symbol

是的。所以，標記是符號，從字面上看，"標誌 "是一個符號。

on precious metal like silver or gold.

在白銀或黃金等貴金屬上。

But we don't often use the word 'hallmarks' in this literal way

但我們並不經常以這種字面方式使用 "標誌 "一詞

we use it in a non-literal way.

我們以非文字的方式使用它。

Yes, that's right.

是的，這是正確的。

So if we say that

是以，如果我們說

something has the 'hallmarks' of something, then.

那麼，某些東西具有某些東西的'特徵'。

it means it has a typical

這意味著它有一個典型的

feature of it. So, here in the headline,

它的特點。是以，在這裡的頭條新聞中。

we're saying that flooding has the 'hallmarks'

我們說，洪水有 "標誌"。

or is typical of climate change. And there are two main ways

或者說是典型的氣候變化。而主要的方式有兩種

of using this word 'hallmarks' in the expression 'to have the hallmarks'

在 "擁有標誌 "的表述中使用 "標誌 "這個詞的意義

of something' or 'to bear the hallmarks of something' and they're the same.

某種東西的'或'帶有某種東西的標誌'，它們是一樣的。

So a further example could be

是以，另一個例子可以是

that a bank robbery has the 'hallmarks' of organised crime.

銀行搶劫案具有有組織犯罪的 "特徵"。

It's typical of that type of crime. Or we could say

這是典型的那類犯罪。或者我們可以說

News Review bears the 'hallmarks' of a BBC Learning English programme.

新聞評論》帶有BBC學習英語節目的 "特徵"。

Let's have a look at that again.

讓我們再看一下。

We've had on steroids - a

我們已經有了類固醇--一個

more extreme version. Swamped - suddenly filled with water,

更極端的版本。淹沒--突然間充滿了水。

often used to mean too much work.

常常被用來表示工作太多。

And hallmarks - has the typical signs of something.

而標誌--具有某種事物的典型標誌。

Don't forget, there is a quiz on our website at

不要忘記，我們的網站上有一個測驗，網址是

www.bbclearningenglish.com Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Bye.

www.bbclearningenglish.com 謝謝你加入我們，再見。再見。