I'm Hazel Gardiner, a keen horticulturist and floral designer.

我是海澤爾-加德納，一個熱衷於園藝和花藝設計的人。

In this series I'll be visiting

在這個系列中，我將訪問

some of the most fascinating English Heritage gardens around the country.

全國各地一些最迷人的英國遺產花園。

I'll be learning about the history,

我將會學習歷史。

chatting to the gardeners that maintain them, and finding out

與維護它們的園丁哈拉，並找出

how every garden keeps faithful to the historic origins.

每個花園都是如何忠實於歷史淵源的。

I'll be sharing some top tips

我將分享一些頂級技巧

inspired by historical gardening for you to try at home.

靈感來自歷史上的園藝，你可以在家裡嘗試。

Coming up in this episode, I visit Eltham Palace in south east London.

在這一集裡，我將訪問位於倫敦東南部的埃爾瑟姆宮。

One of the best examples of an

一個最好的例子是

Arts and Crafts garden in the grounds of a stunning art deco house.

在一個令人驚歎的藝術裝飾房子的院子裡的藝術和工藝花園。

I also meet the team behind restoring and maintaining the sites Seely and Paget

我還見到了修復和維護網站的團隊Seely和Paget。

designed gardens, as well as exploring a brand new special addition

設計的花園，以及探索一個全新的特殊附加物

to the stunning grounds.

到令人驚歎的場地。

Before I get started on the

在我開始介紹

modern day Eltham Palace, I'm eager to learn about the incredible history.

現代的埃爾瑟姆宮，我渴望瞭解不可思議的歷史。

For that, I'm chatting to Senior Gardens Advisor, Christopher Weddle

為此，我與高級花園顧問克里斯托弗-韋德爾進行了交談。

Hi, Christopher.

嗨，克里斯托弗。

Hi Hazel, welcome to Eltham Palace.

嗨，Hazel，歡迎來到Eltham Palace。

Oh, thank you so much. It is glorious. It's wonderful, isn't it?

哦，非常感謝你。 它是光榮的。這很美妙，不是嗎？

So tell me a little bit about Eltham.

那麼，請告訴我關於埃爾瑟姆的一些情況吧。

When and why did it come to be?

它是什麼時候和為什麼會出現的？

Well, Eltham has such a long, rich history.

嗯，埃爾瑟姆有如此悠久、豐富的歷史。

It's appears in the Doomsday Book.

它出現在《末日之書》中。

But I think the true foundation of the site was probably in about the 1300s.

但我認為該遺址的真正基礎可能是在1300年代左右。

It was the childhood home of Henry VIII.

它是亨利八世的童年居所。

And yes, one could imagine this court.

是的，人們可以想象這個法庭。

The moat walls were higher.

護城河的牆更高了。

There were many more buildings, but there was a magnificent deer park.

還有許多建築，但有一個宏偉的鹿苑。

It was probably about the second

這可能是關於第二個

largest royal park if it was still in existence today.

最大的皇家公園，如果它仍然存在於今天。

And it was enjoyed for hunting.

而且是為了打獵而享受。

So at the beginning of its life

是以，在其生命的開始階段

it really had a rich history there was, you know, lots going on here.

它真的有豐富的歷史，你知道，這裡有很多事情發生。

But then something kind of happened.

但後來發生了一些事情。

What happened? It was abandoned.

發生了什麼？它被遺棄了。

Well, it fell out of fashion of it.

好吧，它失去了它的時尚。

Henry VIII much preferred Hampton Court

亨利八世更喜歡漢普頓宮

and did many works there and is a magnificent palace.

並在那裡做了許多工作，是一座宏偉的宮殿。

And one can see why over time they would come and enjoy

人們可以理解為什麼隨著時間的推移，他們會來享受

the hunting grounds, but they could reach it from from Greenwich.

狩獵場，但他們可以從格林威治到達那裡。

So the buildings fell out of use.

於是，這些建築就不再使用了。

They weren't maintaining it so well.

他們維護得不是很好。

It was more fashionable to go to other palaces and it gradually deteriorated.

去其他宮殿更時髦，它逐漸惡化了。

The Civil War then interrupts.

隨後，內戰中斷了。

It becomes a base for parliamentarian forces.

它成為議會勢力的基地。

By the 18th century, it had agricultural uses,

到了18世紀，它有了農業用途。

so it was farmed.

所以它是被養殖的。

The buildings were used for agricultural equipment

這些建築被用來放置農業設備

and storage and animals and those sorts of things.

和存儲和動物以及這些東西。

It was handed over to what was then the Office of Works

它被移交給了當時的工程局。

and then the Ministry of Works to look after it.

然後由工程部來照顧它。

So luckily, a couple, a very rich couple

是以，幸運的是，有一對夫婦，一對非常富有的夫婦

took a fancy to it.

看上了它。

Tell me about the Courtaulds who are fascinating in themselves.

告訴我關於庫爾陶爾德家族的情況，他們本身就很吸引人。

The Courtaulds are just amazing.

Courtaulds家族實在是令人驚歎。

I think they were looking for a country pad.

我想他們是在尋找一個鄉村的墊子。

They had lots of horticultural friends.

他們有很多園藝方面的朋友。

They liked traveling. They liked the open spaces.

他們喜歡旅行。 他們喜歡開放的空間。

And I think they were looking probably for

我認為他們可能在尋找

a luxurious home or an estate they could turn into their luxurious home.

一個豪華住宅或一個他們可以變成他們的豪華住宅的莊園。

And they took out a 99 year lease from the Crown Estate.

他們從英國皇家地產公司獲得了99年的租約。

They employed Seely and Paget as the architects to design their house,

他們聘請Seely和Paget作為建築師來設計他們的房子。

and they moved in in 1936.

他們於1936年搬入。

What changes did they actually make to the grounds and the gardens?

他們究竟對場地和花園做了哪些改變？

The changes were quite substantial, and we do have a wonderful record

變化是相當大的，我們確實有一個精彩的記錄

of photographs taken by the architects of before their works and then after.

建築師在其作品之前和之後所拍攝的照片。

And it is quite telling the amount of work that was was taken place.

這很能說明所做的大量工作。

They'd obviously traveled well,

他們顯然旅行得很好。

and I think they were looking for a fashionable garden.

而且我認為他們正在尋找一個時尚的花園。

But actually, we've got this wonderful

但實際上，我們已經有了這個美妙的

cine film and you can see them enjoying the garden.

在電影中，你可以看到他們在花園裡享受。

So I think they it was personal choices that they were making.

所以我認為他們是在做個人選擇。

We have Country Life photos of tulips,

我們有《鄉村生活》的鬱金香照片。

which we know that were planted widely in the spring.

我們知道，這是在春天廣泛種植的。

We can tell from some aerial shots later

我們可以從後來的一些航拍照片中看出

that dahlias during the summer were the thing for the bedding.

夏季的大紅花是床上用品的首選。

Stephen Courtauld had his influences as well.

斯蒂芬-庫陶爾德也有他的影響。

He loved climbing in the Alps.

他喜歡在阿爾卑斯山上攀登。

So I think he was into his alpine plants.

所以我想他是喜歡他的高山植物。

And I think this rock garden is about the detail of big rocks and small plants.

而我認為這個岩石花園是關於大岩石和小植物的細節。

And I can imagine him taking his horticultural friends

而且我可以想象他帶著他的園藝朋友們

round of an evening before dinner, going and looking at the plants

在晚餐前的一個晚上，我去看了看植物。

that they would have perhaps seen on their expeditions, their their journeys in the Alps and the like.

他們也許會在他們的探險中看到，他們在阿爾卑斯山等地的旅行。

And actually seeing them here at Eltham.

而實際上在埃爾瑟姆這裡看到他們。

The palace is very much art deco

這座宮殿非常具有藝術裝飾性

and some of that, of course, bleeds out into the design of the landscape.

當然，這其中有一些是滲入到景觀設計中的。

But I think they were wanting

但我認為他們是想

to make use of the fact that they had a wonderful site here.

以利用他們在這裡有一個精彩的網站的事實。

They had the bones of all of the medieval moat and walls and things like that.

他們有所有中世紀的護城河和城牆之類的東西的骨頭。

So they had their framework, which in the arts and crafts style,

所以他們有自己的框架，是藝術和工藝風格。

they wanted to augment, they wanted to use to the advantage.

他們想增強，他們想利用的優勢。

And it was very much of the character in those times to to do that.

而在那個時代，這樣做是非常有特色的。

Incredible, so there really is

難以置信，所以真的有

so much history in this garden, so much for visitors to see.

這個花園裡有這麼多的歷史，有這麼多的東西供遊客參觀。

Oh yes.

哦，是的。

There's something every day of the year.

一年中的每一天都有東西。

I might be a bit biased, but it is one of my favorite sites.

我可能有點偏見，但它是我最喜歡的網站之一。

It is spectacular.

它很壯觀。

Now, I think I have to go off and do a little bit of deadheading.

現在，我想我得走了，做一點枯草。

Yes, I think Karen's got some hard work for you.

是的，我認為凱倫為你準備了一些艱苦的工作。

I'm ready.

我已經準備好了。

See you soon.

再見。

Take care.

保重。

The influence of the old family can be felt throughout the grounds

在整個院子裡都可以感受到老家族的影響。

of Eltham Palace, but maintaining this appearance is a careful balance

埃爾瑟姆宮的外觀，但保持這種外觀是一種謹慎的平衡。

of historical accuracy and horticultural skill .

歷史的準確性和園藝技術。

To get some insight into how this takes place.

為了深入瞭解這種情況是如何發生的。

I'm meeting with Head Gardener, Karen Clayton.

我正在與總園丁凱倫-克萊頓會面。

Hi, Karen.

嗨，凱倫。

Hello.

你好。

So nice to see you in this incredible sunken rose garden here at Eltham.

很高興在埃爾瑟姆的這個令人難以置信的下沉式玫瑰園裡見到你。

Oh, it's lovely to have you here.

哦，你能來這裡真是太好了。

So you are deadheading?

那麼，你是在打理死草嗎？

I am, yes.

我是，是的。

Which a lot of people know the term,

其中很多人都知道這個詞。

but they might not understand exactly what it means.

但他們可能不明白這到底是什麼意思。

The purpose of deadheading is to tidy up the border

枯枝的目的是為了整理邊界

and also to encourage the energy to be diverted

同時也鼓勵能量的轉移

into the blooming rather than creating producing hips.

進入開花期，而不是創造生產臀部。

There's two ways of doing it.

有兩種方法。

Well, there's many ways of doing it.

嗯，有很多方法可以做到。

But there are two ways that you can

但有兩種方法，你可以

simplify it is you can snap off the dead heads.

簡而言之就是你可以把死人頭扣下來。

Now, what we're working with here are hybrid musks and they're cluster roses.

現在，我們在這裡使用的是混合麝香，它們是叢生的玫瑰。

So they're very floriferous and there's lots of flowers on one stem.

所以它們非常多花，一根莖上有很多花。

So when you look at it here, we've we've really got to take away the whole cluster.

所以當你在這裡看的時候，我們我們真的得把整個集群拿掉。

You don't want to just remove one or two

你不希望只是刪除一個或兩個

If you were going to remove just one or two

如果你打算只刪除一個或兩個

you could do a method which is just snapping off.

你可以做一個方法，就是直接折斷。

So you're going to go in and you just literally break off the buds like so.

所以你要進去，你就像這樣從字面上掰開芽。

It's quite time consuming, as you can see.

正如你所看到的，這相當耗費時間。

Especially with a plot like this.

特別是像這樣的情節。

Yes, very much.

是的，非常多。

So the other technique to use is to prune out the stem.

是以，要使用的另一種技術是修剪掉莖。

Now, when I say pruning, we're not pruning

現在，當我說修剪時，我們不是在修剪

to reduce or change the shape of the shrub.

以減少或改變灌木的形狀。

We're pruning to dead head.

我們正在修剪死頭。

So you're taking a single stem and you're looking for where the vegetative growth is,

是以，你要取一個單一的莖，你要尋找無性繁殖的地方。

which is marked out by either a growing shade or a five leaflet

這是由一個增長的陰影或一個五葉的標記出來的。

node of leaves here.

這裡的葉子的節點。

So you can look at the stem and we know we're going to take that one out,

是以，你可以看一下莖，我們知道我們要把那一個拿出來。

look for where the vegetative growth is

找尋植物生長的地方

somewhere around there

在那裡的某個地方

So here we go. We can make the cut here.

所以，我們在這裡。我們可以在這裡進行切割。

So you're removing all of this.

所以你要把這些都去掉。

And what people may not know is that roses have a second flush.

而人們可能不知道的是，玫瑰花有第二次沖水。

So they'll have their first bloom and then they'll have their second flush.

所以它們會有第一次開花，然後會有第二次開花。

So this is essential for that for for that second bloom to keep coming.

是以，這對第二次開花是必不可少的，以便繼續開花。

So for this one, obviously, all of this is gone over.

是以，對於這一次，顯然，所有這些都已經過去了。

So I'm going to do the cut there.

所以我打算在那裡進行切割。

Yeah. Yes.

是的。是的。

And it might seem like, people might be watching and go, oh, my goodness it's ruthless.

它可能看起來像，人們可能在看，然後去，哦，我的天啊，它是無情的。

But it really is giving that energy back into the plant.

但它真的是把這種能量反饋給植物。

And so with these roses, do you use supports?

所以對於這些玫瑰，你是否使用支撐物？

Is there anything that people need to know in terms of structures

在結構方面有什麼需要人們知道的嗎？

to kind of keep a display like this upright?

以保持像這樣的顯示器的直立性？

Well with these, these are shrub roses.

有了這些，這些是灌木玫瑰。

So they're self supporting.

所以他們是自我支持的。

And if you prune these correctly in February, March

如果你在2月、3月正確地修剪了這些東西

and you get to the right height, which is around 40, 50 centimeters from ground level,

而且你要達到合適的高度，也就是離地面40、50釐米左右。

the arching stems are self supporting and

拱形的莖是自我支持的，並且

and also where they're quite closely planted as well.

還有就是它們的種植也相當緊密。

They're creating this sort of framework themselves when if you leave them to grow

他們正在自己創造這種框架，當你讓他們成長時

too tall, you are getting then you're getting sprays of stem

太高了，你就會得到，然後你就會得到莖部的噴霧。

sort of falling over onto the path, which is what we want to avoid.

摔倒在道路上，這是我們想要避免的。

So really good hard prune every year is essential

是以，每年真正良好的硬性修剪是必不可少的。

because then the plant has its own framework.

因為這樣植物就有了自己的框架。

It develops its own framework to hold itself.

它開發了自己的框架來保持自己。

What are some of the roses that we actually see here in the sunken garden?

我們在下沉式花園裡實際看到的玫瑰花有哪些？

What are the varieties if people at home wanted to kind of get them for their own house?

如果家裡的人想為自己的房子買這些東西，有哪些品種？

Yeah, so we've got hybrid musks and hybrid teas here.

是的，所以我們這裡有混合麝香和混合茶葉。

And these were fashionable in the 1930s.

而這些在1930年代是很時尚的。

They're highly scented.

它們有很強的香味。

And on a warm day, it really hits you as you walk in this garden, the scent.

在一個溫暖的日子裡，當你走在這個花園裡時，這種香味真的會衝擊你。

And this is supported as well by the lavender.

而這一點也得到了薰衣草的支持。

We've got the English lavender, which is planted on the outside.

我們有英國的薰衣草，它被種植在外面。

What's your favorite part of the garden?

你最喜歡花園的哪一部分？

It's a really hard question to ask,

這是一個非常難問的問題。

but if you had to pick one, is there a favorite part of the grounds?

但如果你必須選擇一個，有沒有最喜歡的地方？

Really, for me, it's the vistas here

真的，對我來說，是這裡的遠景。

and just catching these little areas that just they capture you.

捕捉到這些小地方，它們就會抓住你。

And it's sort of like a private moment with the garden and the space.

而這有點像與花園和空間的私人時刻。

And there are quite a few of those as well.

也有不少這樣的情況。

But I'm not going to give you all my secrets.

但我不會把我所有的祕密都告訴你。

I have to discover them for myself.

我必須自己去發現它們。

Well, I'll give you these back and

好吧，我把這些東西還給你，並且

Yeah, good luck with all your deadheading.

是的，祝你在所有的除草工作中好運。

OK, thank you. Bye bye.

好的，謝謝你。再見。

I hope you've really enjoyed my visits to Eltham Palace Gardens today.

我希望你真的喜歡我今天對埃爾瑟姆宮花園的訪問。

I want to share with you some of the top gardening tips that I found out.

我想與你分享我發現的一些頂級園藝技巧。

Make sure that you plan your year ahead.

確保你提前計劃你的一年。

It's really vital that you know exactly

你確切地知道，這真的很重要

when to plant, when to prune and when to consolidate.

何時種植，何時修剪，何時鞏固。

if you can view your garden from above.

如果你能從上面查看你的花園。

That view will give you a much better understanding of exactly where to plant.

這種觀點將使你更清楚地瞭解到底在哪裡種植。

Don't forget to prune your roses.

不要忘記修剪你的玫瑰花。

That can be really pruned back hard between the first and second

這可以在第一和第二年之間真正大力修剪。

flush of flowers to reinvigorate the growth.

鮮花盛開，以重振生長。

Don't forget to subscribe

不要忘記訂閱

by pressing the button below if you like what you've watched today.

如果你喜歡你今天所看的，請按下面的按鈕。