This is 6 Minute English

這就是6分鐘英語

from BBC Learning English.

來自BBC學習英語。

I'm Sam.

我是山姆。

And I'm Rob.

而我是羅伯。

Now, all over

現在，在整個

the world people love

人們喜愛的世界

to eat, and most of us

來吃，而我們大多數人

have favourite food we

有喜歡的食物，我們

like to cook.

喜歡做飯。

Often,

經常如此。

this involves a recipe -

這涉及到一個配方 -

that's written down

寫下來的

instructions explaining

說明解釋

how you combine the

你如何結合

different items of food

各類食品

you are going to cook -

你要去做飯 -

the ingredients - into

的成分 - 進入

a meal.

一頓飯。

My favourite

我最喜歡的

recipe is for bangers

食譜是用於烤肉的

and mash - a cheap and

和泥漿--一種廉價和

popular British meal

英國流行餐

made of sausage and

由香腸和

mashed potato.

土豆泥。

Cooking is a big part

烹飪是一個重要部分

of our lives, something

在我們的生活中，一些

pleasurable we do with

愉快的我們做與

others, and a way of

他人，也是一種方式

discovering the

發現

flavours and tastes

味道和口味

of other cultures.

的其他文化。

In this programme,

在這個節目中。

we'll be doing just

我們要做的只是

that - discovering the

這一點--發現

food culture of Ghana

加納的飲食文化

in west Africa, and

在西部非洲，和

hearing about one

聽說一個

woman's quest to

女人的追求

preserve her country's

保存她的國家的

traditional recipes.

傳統菜單。

And, as usual, we'll

而且，像往常一樣，我們將

be learning some related

正在學習一些相關的

vocabulary along the way.

一路走來的詞彙。

But before we start,

但在我們開始之前。

I have a question

我有一個問題

for you, Rob.

為你，羅布。

Your

你的

favourite recipe is

最喜歡的食譜是

the classic British dish,

這道經典的英國菜。

bangers and mash.

香腸和土豆泥。

It's easy to understand

這很容易理解

why mashed potato is

為什麼土豆泥是

called 'mash' - but

稱為'mash' - 但

how did sausages come

香腸是怎麼來的

to be known as 'bangers'?

被稱為 "bangers"？

Is it: a) because 'bang'

是不是：a) 因為'砰'的一聲

is an old-fashioned word

是一個老式的詞

for pork?

對於豬肉？

b) because sausage-making

b) 因為製作香腸

machines used to make a

用於製作的機器

banging noise?

敲擊聲？

or

或

c) because sausages would

c) 因為香腸會

explode in the frying pan,

在油鍋裡爆炸。

going 'bang'?

要 "砰 "的一聲？

I think it's a) - 'bang'

我認為是a)--'bang'。

is an old-fashioned

是一個老式的

word for pork.

豬肉的意思。

OK, Rob, I'll reveal the

好的，羅伯，我將揭曉

correct answer later.

正確的答案以後再說。

Food writer, Abena

食品作家，阿貝納

Offeh-Gyimah, was born

奧菲-吉瑪，出生於

in Ghana but moved to

在加納，但搬到了

Canada as a child.

加拿大作為一個孩子。

After school she would

放學後，她會

go for burgers and

去吃漢堡和

fries with friends,

和朋友一起吃薯條。

before heading home

回家前

to eat traditional

吃傳統的

Ghanaian food with her

與她的加納食物

family, food cooked

家庭，烹飪的食物

with ingredients like

搭配成分如

dawadawa, a spice made

dawadawa，一種用香料製成的

from roasting

從焙燒

locust beans, and fufu.

蝗蟲豆，和fufu。

Her mother's cooking

她母親的廚藝

gave Abena a love of

給了阿貝納一個愛

traditional recipes - so

傳統菜單--所以

much so that five years

以至於五年來

ago, she moved back

前，她搬回了

to Ghana to rediscover

到加納重新發現

her country's food

她的國家的食物

culture.

文化。

But when she

但當她

arrived, Abena was

抵達後，阿貝納被

surprised how much

居然有這麼多

things had changed.

事情發生了變化。

Many traditional spices

許多傳統的調料

and ingredients were

和成分是

no longer being used,

不再使用。

and it was more

而且它更

common to see tomato

常見到的番茄

ketchup than Ghanaian

番茄醬比加納人多

chipotle sauce.

辣椒醬。

Here Abena describes

阿貝納在這裡描述了

how her grandparents

她的祖父母如何

used to cook in the

用來做飯的

old days, to BBC World

舊時代，對BBC世界

Service programme,

服務方案。

The Food Chain.

食物鏈。

So, they would actually

是以，他們實際上會

cook the yam, they

烹飪山藥，他們

would cook the plantain,

將煮熟的芭蕉。

and they would use,

而且他們會使用。

you know, the mortar

你知道，砂漿

and pestle to actually

和鐵杵，以實際

pound it, you know.

搗毀它，你知道。

Now in Ghana, you could

現在在加納，你可以

just buy potato flour

就買土豆粉

and just make fufu on

和只是做fufu上

the stove.

爐子。

But we're

但我們

losing that, right?

失去這一點，對嗎？

That communal experience

這種共同的經歷

of cutting the yam

削減山藥的

and cutting the plantain

和切芭蕉

and cooking it.

並對其進行烹飪。

Abena's grandparents

阿貝娜的祖父母

made fufu the

使得fufu成為

traditional way, using

傳統的方式，使用

ingredients like yam

山藥等成分

and green bananas

和綠香蕉

called plantains.

稱為大蕉。

These were placed in

這些被放置在

a mortar and pestle -

臼和杵 -

cooking equipment made

烹飪設備製造

of a bowl - the mortar -

碗裡的 - 臼 -

and a heavy stone - the

和一塊沉重的石頭--

pestle - which is

杵--這就是

used to grind

用來研磨的

ingredients together.

將原料放在一起。

The traditional method

傳統方法

was to pound fufu - to

是為了搗毀fufu--為了

crush it into a paste

碾壓成糊狀

or powder.

或粉末。

But nowadays

但如今

many people buy ready-made

很多人買現成的

flour and cook fufu the

麵粉和煮熟的fufu

modern way, on a stove.

現代方式，在爐子上。

For Abena, this

對阿貝納來說，這

represented an unwelcome

代表一個不受歡迎的

departure from ancestral

背離祖先

ways of cooking, and

烹飪方式，以及

she decided that

她決定

something had to be

必須要有一些

done.

完成了。

Here's Ruth

露絲來了

Alexander, presenter

亞歷山大，主講人

of BBC World Service's,

的BBC世界服務的。

The Food Chain, to

食物鏈，到

continue the story:

繼續講述。

Abena was so taken

阿貝納是如此採取

aback about the loss

失落

of know-how about

有關的知識

Ghana's traditional

加納的傳統

recipes and ingredients

食譜和配料

in the towns and

在城鎮和

cities, that she

城市，那她

decided she had to

決定她必須

do something, and

做一些事情，並且

set off to rural

出發去農村

areas on a

的領域，在一個

fact-finding tour.

實況調查團。

We travelled across

我們走過了

the Accra East region

阿克拉東部地區

in Ghana, just to

在加納，只是為了

document indigenous

文獻資料

dishes, and to ask

菜，並要求

'what are people

'人是什麼

eating now?', and

現在吃嗎？"，以及

learning that a lot

學到了很多

of dishes are lost.

的菜餚丟失。

Abena was taken aback

阿貝納大吃一驚

by the changes in

的變化所帶來的影響。

Ghana's food culture -

加納的飲食文化 -

she felt shocked and

她感到震驚和

surprised.

驚訝。

Traditionally,

傳統上。

recipes were passed

食譜被傳

down orally from mother

從母親那裡口述下來

to daughter, instead

對女兒，而不是

of being written down,

被寫下來的。

so a generation of

所以一代人的

young Ghanaians were

年輕的加納人被

losing cooking

失去烹飪

know-how - the practical

訣竅--實踐

skills and knowledge

技能和知識

of how to do something.

如何做一件事。

Abena travelled around

阿貝納四處遊歷

Ghana to document

加納將記錄

traditional recipes -

傳統菜單--

to record information

記錄資訊

about them by writing

關於他們，請寫下

them down, or taking

他們下來，或採取

photos, before they

照片，之前他們

were lost forever.

永遠失去了。

If her story has

如果她的故事有

inspired you to find out

啟發你去發現

about your own country's

關於你自己國家的

traditional recipes, or

傳統菜單，或

discover more about

發現更多關於

Ghanaian cooking, you

加納烹飪，你

can read more on

可以閱讀更多關於

Abena's website,

阿貝納的網站。

Living the Ancestral Way.

生活在祖先的道路上。

And after all this

而在這一切之後

talk of traditional

談論傳統

Ghanaian food, it's time

加納的食物，現在是時候了

for your question about

對於您提出的關於

a traditional British

英國的一個傳統

recipe, bangers and

食譜, 肉餡餅和

mash - or sausage and

醪糟 - 或香腸和

mashed potato.

土豆泥。

Now,

現在。

you asked about the

你問的是

name 'banger', and I

名為'banger'，而我

guessed that 'bang'

猜到了'砰'的一聲

was an old-fashioned

是一個老式的

word for pork.

豬肉的意思。

So, was I right?

那麼，我說得對嗎？

You were wrong, I'm

你錯了，我是

afraid, Rob.

害怕了，羅伯。

The name

名稱

'banger' started in

'banger'開始於

World War One, when

第一次世界大戰，當時

meat shortages resulted

肉類短缺導致

in sausages being made

在做香腸的時候

using water, that

使用水，那

caused them to explode,

導致它們爆炸。

going 'bang!',

去'砰！'。

when cooked.

煮熟後。

Well, that's certainly

嗯，這當然是

one way to spice up

調劑的方法之一

your cooking!

你的廚藝!

OK, let's

好吧，讓我們

recap the rest of the

回顧其餘

vocabulary, starting

詞彙，開始

with mortar and

用砂漿和

pestle - a bowl and

杵 - 一個碗和

a heavy stone which

一個沉重的石頭，它

is used to grind

用來研磨

ingredients together.

將原料放在一起。

To pound something means

敲打東西意味著

to crush it into

將其碾壓成

a paste or powder.

糊狀或粉狀。

If you're taken aback,

如果你大吃一驚。

you feel shocked

你感到震驚

and surprised.

並感到驚訝。

Know-how is the practical

技術是實踐

skill and knowledge

技能和知識

needed to do something,

需要做一些事情。

such as cook.

比如說做飯。

And finally, the verb

而最後，動詞

document means to record

文件指的是記錄

information about

有關資訊

something by writing

寫的東西

about it or taking photos.

關於它或拍攝照片。

Once again, our six

再次，我們的六個

minutes are up.

時間到了。

Bye for now!

暫時再見

Bye!

再見！