Hello and welcome to six minute grammar with me Katherine and me Finn.

你好，歡迎來到六分鐘文法，我是凱瑟琳，我是芬恩。

Hello in this program we're talking about present tenses.

你好，在這個節目中，我們談論的是現在時態。

Let's get started.

讓我們開始吧。

The first thing we need to know is that the present simple tense is mainly for facts, habits and truths.

首先我們需要知道的是，現在簡單時態主要用於事實、習慣和真理。

Now.

現在。

Katherine give me a true fact about you.

凱瑟琳給我一個關於你的真實事實。

A true fact about me is that I like gardening wow.

關於我的一個真實的事實是，我喜歡園藝哇。

Great love it.

大愛。

Thanks Catherine.

謝謝凱瑟琳。

And can you tell me one of your habits?

那你能告訴我你的一個習慣嗎？

I drink a cup of coffee every morning.

我每天早上都會喝杯咖啡。

I drink one at home and I drink another one when I get to work so far so good.

我在家裡喝了一杯，上班時又喝了一杯，到目前為止還不錯。

We make the present simple with a subject and base verb and we add s to the verb for he she and it so I work.

我們用主語和基本動詞做簡單現在時，在動詞上加s表示他、她和它，這樣我就可以工作了。

You work.

你的工作。

He works, she works and so on.

他工作，她工作，等等。

We make questions and negatives with do or does so Catherine.

我們用做或不做凱瑟琳做問題和否定句。

Do you take milk in your coffee?

你在咖啡中加入牛奶嗎？

I do take milk in my coffee.

我確實在咖啡里加了牛奶。

Finn do you take milk in your coffee?

芬恩你在咖啡中加入牛奶嗎？

I don't like it.

我不喜歡它。

Black.

黑色。

And what about mrs Finn, does she take milk in her coffee?

芬恩夫人呢，她的咖啡裡有牛奶嗎？

She doesn't drink coffee.

她不喝咖啡。

What is she doing all the time?

她一直在做什麼？

Very british.

非常英國化。

Yes good.

是的，很好。

So that's present simple for facts and habits now when we're talking about activities, temporary situations and things that are happening now or around now we use am is or are plus an I N.

是以，這就是事實和習慣的現在式，現在當我們談論活動、暫時的情況和現在正在發生的事情時，我們用am is或are加一個I N。

G verb to make the present continuous.

G動詞來做現在進行時。

So Finn what are you doing now now?

那麼芬恩你現在在做什麼呢？

Right now?

現在？

Right at this minute I'm sitting in the studio chair talking to you.

就在這一刻，我正坐在演播室的椅子上和你說話。

But often on I'm also reading a novel called the Un consoled by Kazuo Ishiguro.

但是，我也經常在讀石黑一雄寫的一本叫《未慰》的小說。

It's great.

這很好。

Well pronounced.

發音很好。

Thank you.

謝謝你。

And are you reading anything right now Katherine?

你現在在讀什麼書嗎，凱瑟琳？

Yes, I am.

是的，我是。

I am reading a novel also.

我也在讀一本小說。

It's a comedy about Adrian mole and it's really good.

這是一部關於阿德里安-摩爾的喜劇，它真的很好。

I'm enjoying it sounds great.

我很喜歡它，聽起來很不錯。

I'd like to borrow it.

我想借用它。

You can we can also use the present continuous for future arrangements.

你可以我們也可以用現在進行時來表示未來的安排。

And so Finn, what are you doing tonight tonight?

那麼芬恩，你今晚要做什麼呢？

I'm taking my wife to dinner.

我要帶我的妻子去吃飯。

Don't tell her.

不要告訴她。

That's right.

這就對了。

So present, simple for facts and habits present continuous for activities and future arrangements and now for the present.

所以現在，簡單表示事實和習慣現在連續表示活動和未來安排，現在表示現在。

Perfect.

完美。

We make it with have or has plus a past participle.

我們用have或has加上過去分詞來做。

It connects the past to the present.

它連接了過去和現在。

And it's useful for asking about life experiences.

而且這對詢問生活經歷很有幫助。

So life experience, question coming in, have you ever eaten insects?

所以生活經驗，問題來了，你吃過昆蟲嗎？

I have, yes, I've eaten ants and beetles in cambodia.

我有，是的，我在高棉吃過螞蟻和甲蟲。

So in the question, the word ever means at any time in your life never means at no time in your life.

是以，在問題中，曾經這個詞意味著在你生命中的任何時候，從來沒有意味著在你生命中的任何時候。

So Catherine, tell us about an experience that you have never had.

那麼凱瑟琳，告訴我們一個你從未經歷過的經歷。

Well, I've never eaten insects, Fin and I've never been on safari but I'm sure that our colleague rob has been to many places.

好吧，我從來沒有吃過昆蟲，芬，我也沒有去過野生動物園，但我相信我們的同事羅布已經去過很多地方。

Other words we can use with present.

我們可以使用的其他詞語有：現在。

Perfect are just already.

完美只是已經。

And yet we use just already and yet a lot when we're using the present perfect tense to talk about the present effect of a past event already means something has happened perhaps earlier than expected.

然而，當我們用現在完成時態來談論過去事件的現在效果時，我們經常使用just already和yet，這意味著某些事情已經發生了，也許比預期的早。

So Fin give us an example of already.

是以，芬給我們一個已經的例子。

Right.

對。

I've already had breakfast today and coffee.

我今天已經吃了早餐，喝了咖啡。

Have you had coffee?

你喝過咖啡嗎？

I've just had a cup of coffee.

我剛剛喝了一杯咖啡。

Just means recently and I haven't had lunch yet.

只是指最近，我還沒有吃午飯。

I should think not.

我想應該不會。

It's only half for lunch and yet means something like not until now.

這只是午餐的一半，卻意味著直到現在才有的東西。

Good.

很好。

And if a past situation has continued until now, use four or since to say how long it's continued like this.

如果過去的情況一直持續到現在，就用四或自來表示它像這樣持續了多長時間。

I've lived in London for five years.

我已經在倫敦住了五年了。

I've been married since 2003 and we also use the present.

我從2003年開始結婚，我們也用現在的方式。

Perfect.

完美。

To give news things that happened a short time ago and are important now.

介紹不久前發生的、現在很重要的新聞事情。

So have you got any news for us?

那麼你有什麼消息要告訴我們嗎？

Catherine?

凱瑟琳？

Yes, I have actually.

是的，實際上我有。

Okay, I've won the lottery.

好吧，我中了彩票。

I don't believe you.

我不相信你。

That's because I'm not telling the truth.

那是因為我沒有說真話。

It's just an example bullishness to BBC learning english dot com And we're talking about present tenses and it's quiz.

這只是BBC learning english dot com的一個例子，我們正在談論現在時態和它的測驗。

Time question one, which of these sentences best describes a habit.

時間問題一，這些句子中哪一個最能描述一種習慣。

A I have smoked 20 cigarettes a day.

A 我每天抽20支菸。

BI Smoke 20 cigarettes a day and the answer's B.

BI每天抽20支菸，答案是B。

I smoke 20 cigarettes a day.

我每天抽20支菸。

Question two is this sentence grammatically correct or wrong.

問題二這個句子在文法上是正確還是錯誤。

Humans have not visited the planet mars yet, but they have already been to the moon.

人類還沒有訪問過火星，但他們已經去過月球。

It's correct.

這是正確的。

It is now last one, which sentence is correct.

現在是最後一句，哪句話是正確的。

A.

A.

Catherine has never eaten insects, be Catherine never eats insects, or C.

凱瑟琳從未吃過昆蟲，是凱瑟琳從未吃過昆蟲，還是C。

Catherine is never eating insects, and the answer is that both A and B.

凱瑟琳從不吃昆蟲，答案是：A和B都是。

Are correct as a life experience.

作為一種生活經驗，是正確的。

It's true to say that I have never eaten insects and as a fact I can say, I never eat insects.

說我從來沒有吃過昆蟲是真的，作為一個事實，我可以說，我從來沒有吃過昆蟲。

So that brings us to the end of the quiz and well done to you if you got them.

是以，這使我們來到了測驗的最後，如果你得到了它們，那就很好了。

All right, free insect for everyone who got all of those right now, there's more about this on our website at BBC Learning english dot com, join us again for more six minute grammar.

好了，現在得到所有這些的人的免費昆蟲，在我們的網站BBC Learning english dot com上有更多關於這個的資訊，再次加入我們的六分鐘文法。

Bye bye.

再見。