Name: 激進的園藝家如何奪回紐約市 (How radical gardeners took back New York City)
Uploaded: 2022-05-17T23:43:39.000Z
Duration: 12 min 37 s

Recently I've come across a type of TikTok again and again.

最近我一次又一次地遇到一種TikTok。

It's people making something called seed bombs.

是人們在製造一種叫做種子炸彈的東西。

There are lots of recipes out there for them,

but I'm using part clay, part soil, and a pinch of seeds.

但我使用的是部分粘土、部分土壤和一撮種子。

你把它們捲起來，讓它們乾燥。

通常是在被忽視的小塊土地上。

in hopes that after it rains, your seed bombs turn into flowers.

希望在下雨後，你的種子炸彈會變成花朵。

But seed bombs like these aren't actually new.

但像這樣的種子炸彈其實並不新鮮。

In fact, they're part of a long history of people transforming their communities, through radical acts of gardening.

事實上，他們是人們通過激進的園藝行為改造其社區的悠久歷史的一部分。

green spaces in cities have offered a way for people living in close quarters

城市中的綠地為生活在近處的人們提供了一種方式。

to cultivate land and spend time in nature.

耕種土地和花時間在大自然中。

The city back then looked a lot different than it does today.

那時的城市看起來與今天有很大不同。

who's been an urban gardener and farmer in New York since the 1980s.

自1980年代以來，他一直是紐約的城市園丁和農場主。

tossed to the side because the city at that time was going through a huge fiscal crisis.

扔到一邊，因為當時的城市正在經歷一場巨大的財政危機。

coupled with white flight when people left the city for the suburbs,

再加上白人逃亡，人們離開城市前往郊區。

這意味著出現了大規模的撤資。

Buildings were abandoned or left in disrepair,

建築物被遺棄或處於失修狀態。

especially in the city's lower income neighborhoods.

What was left was urban decay, and thousands of vacant lots.

留下的是城市的衰敗，和成千上萬的空地。

One of the areas facing mass disinvestment in the 1960s and 70s was here,

在20世紀60年代和70年代，面臨大規模撤資的地區之一就是這裡。

in the Bedford-Stuyvesant, or Bed-Stuy, neighborhood of Brooklyn.

在布魯克林的貝德福德-斯圖維森特或貝德-斯圖社區。

a resident named Hattie Carthan noticed something:

一位名叫哈蒂-卡桑的居民注意到了一些事情。

Usually, trees dot the streets of New York City because the city has invested in planting them.

通常情況下，樹木點綴在紐約市的街道上，因為城市已經投資種植了這些樹木。

But Bed-Stuy was one of the city's most heavily redlined neighborhoods --

但Bed-Stuy是該市紅線最重的社區之一 --

a racially discriminatory practice where mortgage lenders and insurance companies

抵押貸款人和保險公司的種族歧視做法

denied services to people in certain neighborhoods,

拒絕為某些社區的人提供服務。

which pushed Black people into specific areas.

created the conditions for intolerable life.

為不可容忍的生活創造了條件。

Many redlined areas lack access to green space

許多被劃定為紅線的地區缺乏綠色空間的機會

Research has shown trees offer improved air quality and cooler temperatures.

研究表明，樹木提供了更好的空氣質量和更涼爽的溫度。

And it's part of the reason why, as one study showed,

而且這也是部分原因，正如一項研究顯示。

temperatures in redlined areas are approximately 2.6 degrees Celsius warmer

紅線地區的溫度大約高出2.6攝氏度

在布魯克林，經過多年的忽視。

Hattie's neighborhood was losing its trees.

所以她開始著手實現這一目標。

At first, raising money within the neighborhood for her efforts was a huge obstacle.

起初，在社區內為她的努力籌集資金是一個巨大的障礙。

She said, "There was no money there, no inclination, and I guess everybody felt I was too old."

她說，"那裡沒有錢，沒有傾向性，我猜大家都覺得我太老了"。

she got the city to offer a tree matching program.

她讓城市提供了一個樹木匹配計劃。

They'd give her six trees for every four planted.

每種四棵樹，他們會給她六棵樹。

She took the offer and as some of the only archival footage of Hattie shows --

她接受了這個提議，而且正如哈蒂的一些唯一的檔案片段所顯示的那樣--

Hattie started a group called the Tree Corps,

哈蒂成立了一個名為 "樹之團 "的團體。

Her helpers have grown from three kids to 30,

她的幫手已經從三個孩子發展到30個。

now fanning out into Bed-Stuy to help to bring living, growing things back to their streets.

現在，他們正在向貝德-斯圖伊區擴展，以幫助將有生命的、正在生長的東西帶回他們的街道。

she led grassroots efforts to plant 1,500 trees in Bed-Stuy.

她上司基層工作，在貝德-斯圖伊區種植了1500棵樹。

Hattie did that work of cooling the city,

of mitigating some of the effects of redlining.

Hattie became known as "the tree lady of Brooklyn"

哈蒂被稱為 "布魯克林的樹婆"。

but her work transforming the community didn't end there.

但她改造社區的工作並沒有就此結束。

In 1968, as part of a wave of redevelopment and urban renewal,

1968年，作為重建和城市更新浪潮的一部分。

the city of New York was slated to demolish four abandoned brownstones

紐約市計劃拆除四座廢棄的棕色建築

in Bed-Stuy, along with the nearly-century-old Magnolia grandiflora tree towering outside them.

在Bed-Stuy，連同他們外面聳立的近百年曆史的白玉蘭樹。

For two years, Hattie organized against the redevelopment project

兩年來，哈蒂組織起來反對重建項目

until she was able to procure historical landmark status for the tree.

直到她能夠為這棵樹爭取到歷史地標地位。

In fact it's the only living thing in the city still landmarked today.

事實上，它是這個城市中唯一的活物，至今仍是地標。

Saving the magnolia spiraled into a way to reclaim three of the brownstones too:

拯救玉蘭花也演變成了收回三座褐石樓的方法。

she convinced the city to sell them to her for $1,200.

她說服市政府以1,200美元的價格將其出售給她。

She turned the brownstones into the Magnolia Tree Earth Center --

她把這些棕色的房子變成了木蘭樹地球中心----。

a space for children to get environmental education

為孩子們提供一個環境教育的空間

and lessons on how to care for and plant street trees.

以及關於如何照顧和種植行道樹的課程。

It's a place where Hattie's story continues to inspire generations of urban gardeners.

在這個地方，哈蒂的故事繼續激勵著一代又一代的城市園藝家。

It was Hattie's grassroots movement that changed what the community looked like.

正是哈蒂的草根運動改變了社區的面貌。

Around the same time, another New York City woman

大約在同一時間，另一名紐約市婦女

took the idea of radical urban gardening to a new direction.

將激進的城市園藝理念帶到了一個新的方向。

This time, it started with a seed bomb, in the Lower East Side.

這一次，它從一顆種子炸彈開始，在下東城。

At the time, it was another neighborhood struggling with abandonment and disinvestment.

當時，這是另一個在遺棄和撤資中掙扎的社區。

And in 1973, a local named Liz Christy was hoping to change it.

而在1973年，一位名叫Liz Christy的當地人希望能改變這種狀況。

At the very beginning, we were very radical.

在最開始的時候，我們是非常激進的。

That's Don Loggins, one of Liz's friends and fellow gardeners.

那是唐-羅金斯，麗茲的朋友和園丁之一。

would go out in the evening and toss them over the fences.

傍晚時分，他們會出去把它們扔到籬笆上。

And next year it was full of flowers like a little meadow.

而明年，它就像一個小草地一樣開滿了花。

他們沒有合法的管道進入空間。

but made it a mission to re-green unloved parts of the city.

但把重新綠化城市中不受歡迎的部分作為一項使命。

They started to call themselves the Green Guerillas.

Soon, the group turned their attention to one vacant lot

很快，這群人將注意力轉向了一塊空地

She was walking by one day, this lot, and it was full of trash, three or four feet of trash.

有一天，她路過這塊地，上面堆滿了垃圾，有三、四英尺高的垃圾。

She went back home, called a bunch of us up and said, "We have a project you might like to work on."

她回到家裡，把我們一群人叫起來，說："我們有一個項目，你們可能想去工作"。

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激進的園藝家如何奪回紐約市 (How radical gardeners took back New York City)

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