It's people making something called seed bombs.

是人們在製造一種叫做種子炸彈的東西。

There are lots of recipes out there for them,

外面有很多關於它們的食譜。

but I'm using part clay, part soil, and a pinch of seeds.

但我使用的是部分粘土、部分土壤和一撮種子。

You roll them up, let them dry.

你把它們捲起來，讓它們乾燥。

And then, you throw them,

然後，你扔掉它們。

usually at neglected patches of land,

通常是在被忽視的小塊土地上。

in hopes that after it rains, your seed bombs turn into flowers.

希望在下雨後，你的種子炸彈會變成花朵。

But seed bombs like these aren't actually new.

但像這樣的種子炸彈其實並不新鮮。

In fact, they're part of a long history of people transforming their communities, through radical acts of gardening.

事實上，他們是人們通過激進的園藝行為改造其社區的悠久歷史的一部分。

For centuries,

幾個世紀以來。

green spaces in cities have offered a way for people living in close quarters

城市中的綠地為生活在近處的人們提供了一種方式。

to cultivate land and spend time in nature.

耕種土地和花時間在大自然中。

For New York City in the 1960s and 70s,

對於60年代和70年代的紐約市。

it was no different.

它沒有什麼不同。

The city back then looked a lot different than it does today.

那時的城市看起來與今天有很大不同。

New York City had so many vacant lots.

紐約市有這麼多的空地。

I mean, block after block after block.

我是說，一個又一個街區。

That's Karen Washington,

那是凱倫-華盛頓。

who's been an urban gardener and farmer in New York since the 1980s.

自1980年代以來，他一直是紐約的城市園丁和農場主。

Abandoned buildings, burnt out buildings

廢棄的建築物，燒燬的建築物

tossed to the side because the city at that time was going through a huge fiscal crisis.

扔到一邊，因為當時的城市正在經歷一場巨大的財政危機。

A sharp economic decline,

經濟急劇下滑。

coupled with white flight when people left the city for the suburbs,

再加上白人逃亡，人們離開城市前往郊區。

meant there was mass disinvestment.

這意味著出現了大規模的撤資。

Buildings were abandoned or left in disrepair,

建築物被遺棄或處於失修狀態。

especially in the city's lower income neighborhoods.

特別是在城市的低收入社區。

What was left was urban decay, and thousands of vacant lots.

留下的是城市的衰敗，和成千上萬的空地。

One of the areas facing mass disinvestment in the 1960s and 70s was here,

在20世紀60年代和70年代，面臨大規模撤資的地區之一就是這裡。

in the Bedford-Stuyvesant, or Bed-Stuy, neighborhood of Brooklyn.

在布魯克林的貝德福德-斯圖維森特或貝德-斯圖社區。

It's where, in the 1960s,

這是哪裡，在20世紀60年代。

a resident named Hattie Carthan noticed something:

一位名叫哈蒂-卡桑的居民注意到了一些事情。

Bed Stuy didn't have enough trees.

Bed Stuy沒有足夠的樹木。

Usually, trees dot the streets of New York City because the city has invested in planting them.

通常情況下，樹木點綴在紐約市的街道上，因為城市已經投資種植了這些樹木。

But Bed-Stuy was one of the city's most heavily redlined neighborhoods --

但Bed-Stuy是該市紅線最重的社區之一 --

a racially discriminatory practice where mortgage lenders and insurance companies

抵押貸款人和保險公司的種族歧視做法

denied services to people in certain neighborhoods,

拒絕為某些社區的人提供服務。

which pushed Black people into specific areas.

這將黑人推向了特定區域。

Redlining, by its occurrence,

紅線，由其發生。

created the conditions for intolerable life.

為不可容忍的生活創造了條件。

Many redlined areas lack access to green space

許多被劃定為紅線的地區缺乏綠色空間的機會

and have far fewer trees.

並有少得多的樹木。

It isn t just an aesthetic problem:

這不僅僅是一個審美問題。

Research has shown trees offer improved air quality and cooler temperatures.

研究表明，樹木提供了更好的空氣質量和更涼爽的溫度。

And it's part of the reason why, as one study showed,

而且這也是部分原因，正如一項研究顯示。

temperatures in redlined areas are approximately 2.6 degrees Celsius warmer

紅線地區的溫度大約高出2.6攝氏度

than in non-redlined areas.

比非紅線地區更多。

In Brooklyn, after years of neglect,

在布魯克林，經過多年的忽視。

Hattie's neighborhood was losing its trees.

哈蒂的社區正在失去樹木。

She wanted tree-lined blocks again,

她又想要綠樹成蔭的街區。

so she set out to make it happen.

所以她開始著手實現這一目標。

At first, raising money within the neighborhood for her efforts was a huge obstacle.

起初，在社區內為她的努力籌集資金是一個巨大的障礙。

She said, "There was no money there, no inclination, and I guess everybody felt I was too old."

她說，"那裡沒有錢，沒有傾向性，我猜大家都覺得我太老了"。

But at 64 years old, she was relentless.

但在64歲時，她卻毫不留情。

Through her continued pressure,

通過她持續的壓力。

she got the city to offer a tree matching program.

她讓城市提供了一個樹木匹配計劃。

They'd give her six trees for every four planted.

每種四棵樹，他們會給她六棵樹。

She took the offer and as some of the only archival footage of Hattie shows --

她接受了這個提議，而且正如哈蒂的一些唯一的檔案片段所顯示的那樣--

she got right to work.

她馬上開始工作了。

Hattie started a group called the Tree Corps,

哈蒂成立了一個名為 "樹之團 "的團體。

enlisting local kids to join her.

爭取當地孩子加入她的行列。

Her helpers have grown from three kids to 30,

她的幫手已經從三個孩子發展到30個。

now fanning out into Bed-Stuy to help to bring living, growing things back to their streets.

現在，他們正在向貝德-斯圖伊區擴展，以幫助將有生命的、正在生長的東西帶回他們的街道。

In less than a decade,

在不到十年的時間裡。

she led grassroots efforts to plant 1,500 trees in Bed-Stuy.

她上司基層工作，在貝德-斯圖伊區種植了1500棵樹。

Hattie did that work of cooling the city,

哈蒂做了為城市降溫的工作。

of mitigating some of the effects of redlining.

緩解紅線的一些影響。

Hattie became known as "the tree lady of Brooklyn"

哈蒂被稱為 "布魯克林的樹婆"。

but her work transforming the community didn't end there.

但她改造社區的工作並沒有就此結束。

In 1968, as part of a wave of redevelopment and urban renewal,

1968年，作為重建和城市更新浪潮的一部分。

the city of New York was slated to demolish four abandoned brownstones

紐約市計劃拆除四座廢棄的棕色建築

in Bed-Stuy, along with the nearly-century-old Magnolia grandiflora tree towering outside them.

在Bed-Stuy，連同他們外面聳立的近百年曆史的白玉蘭樹。

For two years, Hattie organized against the redevelopment project

兩年來，哈蒂組織起來反對重建項目

until she was able to procure historical landmark status for the tree.

直到她能夠為這棵樹爭取到歷史地標地位。

In fact it's the only living thing in the city still landmarked today.

事實上，它是這個城市中唯一的活物，至今仍是地標。

Saving the magnolia spiraled into a way to reclaim three of the brownstones too:

拯救玉蘭花也演變成了收回三座褐石樓的方法。

she convinced the city to sell them to her for $1,200.

她說服市政府以1,200美元的價格將其出售給她。

She turned the brownstones into the Magnolia Tree Earth Center --

她把這些棕色的房子變成了木蘭樹地球中心----。

a space for children to get environmental education

為孩子們提供一個環境教育的空間

including horticultural workshops,

包括園藝講習班。

and lessons on how to care for and plant street trees.

以及關於如何照顧和種植行道樹的課程。

It's a place where Hattie's story continues to inspire generations of urban gardeners.

在這個地方，哈蒂的故事繼續激勵著一代又一代的城市園藝家。

It was Hattie's grassroots movement that changed what the community looked like.

正是哈蒂的草根運動改變了社區的面貌。

Around the same time, another New York City woman

大約在同一時間，另一名紐約市婦女

took the idea of radical urban gardening to a new direction.

將激進的城市園藝理念帶到了一個新的方向。

This time, it started with a seed bomb, in the Lower East Side.

這一次，它從一顆種子炸彈開始，在下東城。

At the time, it was another neighborhood struggling with abandonment and disinvestment.

當時，這是另一個在遺棄和撤資中掙扎的社區。

And in 1973, a local named Liz Christy was hoping to change it.

而在1973年，一位名叫Liz Christy的當地人希望能改變這種狀況。

At the very beginning, we were very radical.

在最開始的時候，我們是非常激進的。

That's Don Loggins, one of Liz's friends and fellow gardeners.

那是唐-羅金斯，麗茲的朋友和園丁之一。

So we made these seed bombs,

所以我們做了這些種子炸彈。

would go out in the evening and toss them over the fences.

傍晚時分，他們會出去把它們扔到籬笆上。

And next year it was full of flowers like a little meadow.

而明年，它就像一個小草地一樣開滿了花。

They had no legal access to spaces,

他們沒有合法的管道進入空間。

but made it a mission to re-green unloved parts of the city.

但把重新綠化城市中不受歡迎的部分作為一項使命。

They started to call themselves the Green Guerillas.

他們開始自稱為綠色游擊隊。

Soon, the group turned their attention to one vacant lot

很快，這群人將注意力轉向了一塊空地

here on Houston Street.

這裡是休斯頓街。

She was walking by one day, this lot, and it was full of trash, three or four feet of trash.

有一天，她路過這塊地，上面堆滿了垃圾，有三、四英尺高的垃圾。

She went back home, called a bunch of us up and said, "We have a project you might like to work on."

她回到家裡，把我們一群人叫起來，說："我們有一個項目，你們可能想去工作"。

The group spent a year removing trash, and adding soil, fencing and plants.

該小組花了一年時間清除垃圾，並添加土壤、圍欄和植物。

To take a space that was full of garbage and trash and green it, was a radical concept back then.

將一個充滿垃圾和廢物的空間進行綠化，在當時是一個激進的概念。

What originally happened was the city came in and said,

最初發生的情況是，市政府來了，說。

"This is our property. You can't use it as a garden."

"這是我們的財產。你不能把它當作一個花園。"

In response, Liz called up the press and tried to get the word out about the Green Guerillas.

作為迴應，麗茲打電話給媒體，試圖讓人們瞭解綠色游擊隊的情況。

And eventually, the city backed off.

而最終，該市退縮了。

In April 1974, the City Office of Housing Preservation and Development

1974年4月，市住房保護和發展辦公室

offered them a lease for $1 a month to make it legal.

向他們提供每月1美元的租約，以使其合法化。

The Green Guerillas named it the "Bowery Houston Community Farm and Garden.

綠色游擊隊將其命名為 "鮑裡-休斯頓社區農場和花園"。

It became the first New York City-approved community garden.

它成為紐約市第一個被準許的社區花園。

Soon, residents began planting vegetables,

很快，居民開始種植蔬菜。

hosting workshops, and sharing knowledge with other gardeners.

舉辦研討會，並與其他園藝家分享知識。

The community gardening movement exploded.

社區園藝運動爆發了。

People all across the city started getting $1 leases

全市人民開始獲得1美元的租約

to turn abandoned lots into green spaces in their own communities.

將廢棄的土地變成他們自己社區的綠色空間。

By 1985, there were around 1,000 gardens across the city.

到1985年，整個城市有大約1000個花園。

Puerto Rican communities were also transforming abandoned lots too,

波多黎各社區也在改造廢棄的土地。

like ones here, in the Bronx.

像這裡的那些，在布朗克斯。

They built gardens, and casitas where they gathered for gardening, music, and community.

他們建造了花園和卡西塔，在那裡他們聚集在一起進行園藝、音樂和社區活動。

The gardens are so different.

這些花園是如此不同。

We had people coming in from Chinatown.

我們有從中國城來的人。

We had people coming in from Tibet.

我們有從西藏來的人。

They got seeds from their family and they had plots that they were growing,

他們從家裡得到了種子，他們有自己的地塊，正在種植。

vegetables that were native to wherever they from.

無論他們來自哪裡，都是當地的蔬菜。

But these spaces, often tucked away right off busy streets, also offer an oasis in the city,

但這些空間往往隱藏在繁忙的街道旁，也提供了城市中的一片綠洲。

and a place to reconnect with land.

和一個與土地重新聯繫的地方。

People in marginalized communities took something that was devastating, ugly,

處於邊緣化社區的人們拿著一些具有破壞性的、醜陋的東西。

and turned into something that was beautiful.

並變成了美麗的東西。

Community gardens grow communities --

社區菜園讓社區成長 --

for the people, to be run by the people,

為人民服務，由人民管理。

for the benefit of the people.

為了人民的利益。

After the explosion of community gardening in New York City,

在紐約市社區園藝的爆發之後。

there have been continuous threats to the spaces.

空間不斷受到威脅。

In 1999, Mayor Rudy Giuliani put more than a hundred gardens up for auction

1999年，市長Rudy Giuliani將一百多個花園進行了拍賣。

in hopes of bulldozing them and replacing them with housing.

以期用推土機推倒它們，用住房取代它們。

But gardeners fought back and were able to preserve many of them.

但園丁們進行了反擊，並能夠保留其中的許多東西。

Today we're left with over 500 community gardens across New York City,

今天，我們在紐約市各地留下了500多個社區花園。

and together they make up over 100 acres of public, open space.

它們共同構成了超過100英畝的公共開放空間。

Thanks to the work of pioneers like Hattie and Liz,

感謝像哈蒂和莉斯這樣的先驅者的工作。

these gardens still provide food, community, and connection for thousands.

這些花園仍然為成千上萬的人提供食物、社區和聯繫。

You've got some red okra.

你有一些紅秋葵。

Some cucumbers.

一些黃瓜。

I see Hattie as a light.

我把哈蒂看作是一盞燈。

Everything that I created is in the name of Hattie Carthan.

我所創造的一切，都是以哈蒂-卡桑的名義。

Yonette Fleming runs the Hattie Carthan Community Garden,

Yonette Fleming經營著Hattie Carthan社區花園。

Hattie Carthan Herban Farm, and farmers market.

哈蒂-卡坦香草農場，和農貿市場。

She uses the three acres of land to focus on food access,

她利用這三英畝的土地專注於食物的獲取。

and a place for youth to become invested in this work.

併為青年提供一個投入這項工作的場所。

As soon as I wake up, it feels like Hattie's waiting for her work to continue

我一醒來，就感覺哈蒂在等待她的工作繼續進行

so that her work will be told as a story of women who nurture communities.

是以，她的工作將被作為一個培育社區的婦女的故事來講述。

Of women who go beyond themselves

超越自我的女性

to set the template for life to happen.

來為生命的發生設定模板。

Hattie and Liz both passed away in 1984 and 1985, respectively.

哈蒂和莉斯分別於1984年和1985年去世。

But their work, what started with small but radical acts,

但他們的工作，是以微小但激進的行為開始的。

can still be seen everywhere.

仍然可以到處看到。

It's in the little patches of green that dot the entire city.

它就在點綴整個城市的小塊綠色中。

The trees that still stand.

那些仍然矗立的樹木。

The gardens that now bear their names.

現在以他們名字命名的花園。

And the people who continue their work.

以及繼續他們工作的人。

There is that ongoing fear of erasure.

有那種持續的對抹殺的恐懼。

We might leave without our stories being captured and told.

我們可能會在我們的故事沒有被捕捉和講述的情況下離開。

But we know that just like trees,

但我們知道，就像樹木一樣。

these works are deep and are lasting.

這些作品是深刻的，是持久的。

I don't know what the city is going to look like in five years,

我不知道五年後這個城市會是什麼樣子。

but I hope that there are still strong allies

但我希望仍有強大的盟友

and still strong radical people to be around to preserve these spaces,

並且仍然有強大的激進人士在身邊保護這些空間。

which are magical.

這是很神奇的。

Thanks for watching this video —

謝謝你觀看這個視頻-

it’s the last in season two of Missing Chapter.

這是《失蹤章》第二季中的最後一篇。

Through our series on hidden histories,

通過我們的隱藏曆史系列。

we want to help people understand how our past connects to our present.

我們希望幫助人們瞭解我們的過去是如何與我們的現在相聯繫的。

In this season we produced five episodes all across the US.

在這一季中，我們在美國各地製作了五集節目。

It took two dozen team members

花了二十幾名團隊成員

and five months to produce.

和五個月的時間來製作。

For our next season,

對於我們的下一個賽季。

we want to cover international stories too.

我們也想報道國際新聞。

We've been hearing from our viewers all over the world.

我們一直在聽取世界各地的觀眾的意見。

And we want to expand our examination of the past.

而且我們希望擴大對過去的審查。

Our work takes a lot of resources,

我們的工作需要大量的資源。

but there's a way that you can help us dig into more forgotten histories.

但有一種方法，你可以幫助我們挖掘更多被遺忘的歷史。

If you’re able to — consider making a financial contribution to Vox.

如果你有能力--考慮為Vox提供資金捐助。

You can support our work at vox.com/next-chapter

您可以在vox.com/next-chapter支持我們的工作。