In today's basic English video,

在今天的基礎英語視頻中。

I'm going  to be teaching you about the active and passive voice in English.

我將教你英語中的主動和被動語態。

Now many of  you know how to use the active voice,

現在你們中的許多人知道如何使用主動語態。

but you might have a tough time switching over using the passive voice.

但使用被動語態時，你可能會有一個艱難的轉換。

It's okay. No worries. 

沒關係的。不用擔心。

By the end of today's video, you're  going to understand it all very well. 

在今天的視頻結束時，你會很好地理解這一切。

Make sure you keep watching  until the end of the video 

請確保你一直看下去，直到視頻結束。

because there will be a quiz and some homework. 

因為會有一個小測驗和一些家庭作業。

You ready? Let's go. 

你準備好了嗎？我們走吧。

So before we can start switching our  sentences from active to passive, 

是以，在我們可以開始將我們的句子從主動轉向被動之前。

it's very important for us to understand  the different parts of a sentence. 

對我們來說，理解句子的不同部分是非常重要的。

Let's look at our board.

讓我們看一下我們的董事會。

We have a sentence written, 'The boy opened the door.'

我們有一個句子是這樣寫的："那個男孩打開了門。

This is an example of an active sentence

這是一個主動句子的例子

which usually follows the pattern of subject verb object.

這通常遵循主語動詞賓語的模式。

Our subject the 'doer' is 'the boy'. But what did the boy do? 

我們的主體 "行動者 "是 "那個男孩"。但這個男孩做了什麼？

'The boy opened…' 'open' is the example of an action. 

'男孩打開......''打開'是一個動作的例子。

What did the boy open? The boy opened the door. 

那個男孩打開了什麼？那個男孩打開了門。

'the door' is the receiver or the direct object. 

門 "是接受者或直接賓語。

So again, before we can really switch  our sentences from active to the passive, 

是以，在我們能夠真正將我們的句子從主動轉換為被動之前，再次強調。

it's very important for us to understand  the different parts of a sentence. 

對我們來說，理解句子的不同部分是非常重要的。

And the more that we understand  different parts of a sentence, 

而且，我們越是瞭解一個句子的不同部分。

the easier it will be to switching  active sentences to passive sentences. 

將主動句子轉換為被動句子就越容易。

So now let's switch our active  sentence over to a passive one. 

是以，現在讓我們把我們的主動句換成被動句。

Here's our sentence from before: 'The boy opened the door.' 

這裡是我們之前的句子："那個男孩打開了門。

Now, we have, 'The door was opened by the boy.'

現在，我們有了，'門是由男孩打開的'。

Like I mentioned earlier, for active sentences, they follow the subject verb object pattern. 

就像我之前提到的，對於主動句子，它們遵循主語動詞賓語模式。

Well it's a little bit different  from the passive sentence. 

嗯，這與被動句有點不同。

Before we had the receiver  at the end of the sentence, 

以前我們在句子的末尾有一個接收器。

now we have the receiver in  the beginning of the sentence. 

現在，我們在句子的開頭有一個接收器。

'The door was opened…' Wow. Our verb is the same. 

'門被打開了......'哇。我們的動詞是一樣的。

Or the action is the same. But we have a 'to be' verb added on. 

或者說，動作是一樣的。但我們有一個'要'的動詞加在上面。

'was opened' is our 'to be' verb  plus the past participle of 'open'. 

被打開 "是我們的 "要 "的動詞加上 "打開 "的過去分詞。

Now, it could also be these 'to be' verbs as well.

現在，它也可能是這些'要'的動詞。

But, we're going to use 'was'.

但是，我們要用'是'。

And this will change depending on the  tense that we're using in our sentence. 

這將根據我們在句子中使用的時態而改變。

We also have 'the door being opened by the boy'.

我們也有'被男孩打開的門'。

Now, the reason why we have it in brackets is because

現在，我們之所以把它放在括號裡，是因為

sometimes we don't need to know who is the 'doer'.

有時我們不需要知道誰是 "行動者"。

In this sense, the boy is the 'doer'. And this 'by' helps us understand that  

在這個意義上，男孩是'行動者'。而這個'由'有助於我們理解

it is the boy who is opening the door.

是那個男孩在開門。

Let's look at some more examples.

讓我們再看一些例子。

Okay, so now we have examples of active sentences  that we're going to change to passive sentences.  

好了，現在我們有了主動句子的例子，我們要把它改成被動句子。

Let's look at our first one.

讓我們看一下我們的第一個。

'The woman helped the man.'

'那個女人幫助了那個男人。

We learned earlier that whenever we're  changing active sentences to passive sentences, 

我們之前學過，每當我們把主動句子改為被動句子時。

we are going to need to switch  our doer and our receiver. 

我們將需要轉換我們的行動者和接受者。

In this one, the doer, who is the woman, is  going to switch places with the receiver,  

在這一章中，行動者，也就是那個女人，要和接受者交換位置。

who is the man, because now the man is  the focus of the sentence and will now  

誰是這個人，因為現在這個人是句子的重點，現在將是

come to the front - the man.

走到前面來--男人。

But what's our action?

但我們的行動是什麼？

Well in our sentence before,  our action is 'helped'. 

那麼在我們之前的句子中，我們的動作是'幫助'。

We're going to now change this  to the past participle which,  

我們現在要把它改成過去分詞which。

luckily for us the past participle,  is 'helped'.

幸運的是，我們的過去分詞，是 "幫助"。

Now, we're going to add our 'to be' verb which is 'was'.

現在，我們要加上我們的 "要 "字動詞，也就是 "是"。

So the man was helped. By whom?

所以這個人得到了幫助。被誰幫助？

The woman.

那個女人。

Which is now at the end of the sentence.

現在是在句子的末尾。

'The man was helped by the woman.'

'這個男人得到了這個女人的幫助。

Let's look at our next one.

讓我們來看看我們的下一個問題。

'The cat bit the girl.'

'貓咬了那個女孩。

Just like we learned before, we're going to switch our doer and our receiver.

就像我們以前學過的那樣，我們要把我們的執行者和接受者換一下。

So now the girl is in the front of the sentence.

所以現在這個女孩在句子的前面。

'The girl… bit…' The past participle of bit? 

'那個女孩......位......'位的過去分詞？

This one's a little bit different.

這個人有點不同。

'bit' is going to change to 'bitten'

'bit'要改成'bitten'了

When we add our 'to be' verb 'was',

當我們加入我們的'to be'動詞'was'。

'The girl was bitten...'

'那個女孩被咬了......'

By what?

通過什麼？

The cat.

那隻貓。

'The girl was bitten by the cat.'

'那個女孩被貓咬了。

'The knife cut the bread.' 

'刀切面包'。

'The bread was cut by the knife.'

'麵包是被刀切的。

I think we're getting this.

我認為我們正在得到這個。

'The student answered the question.'

'學生回答了這個問題。

'The question was answered by the student.'

'該問題由學生回答。

In our last one, 'The teacher taught the class.' 

在我們的最後一篇文章中，"老師教課"。

'The class was taught by the teacher.'

'班上的同學都是由老師教的。

Wow. I think we're getting better.

哇。我認為我們正在變得更好。

Let's move on.

讓我們繼續前進。

So earlier we changed some sentences from the active to the passive voice.

所以前面我們把一些句子從主動語態改為被動語態。

Well now, let's practice recognizing sentences in the active and passive voice.

好了，現在我們來練習識別主動語態和被動語態的句子。

Our first one, 'The bat hit the ball.'

我們的第一個作品，'球棒打到了球'。

hmm,

嗯。

well, I can see that the doer of my action

好吧，我可以看到，我的行動的實施者

is the 'bat'.

是 "蝙蝠"。

What did the bat do?

那隻蝙蝠做了什麼？

The action is 'hit'. 'The bat hit…' 

這個動作是'打'。'球棒打了......'

What's the receiver?

什麼是接收器？

'the ball'

'球'

'The bat hit the ball.'

'球棒擊中了球。

Oh, this is definitely

哦，這絕對是

a sentence written in the active voice. 

一個用主動語態寫的句子。

'The food was cooked by the man.'

'食物是由這個人煮的。

Now, there are some big clues in this sentence.

現在，這句話裡有一些大的線索。

'…by the man.' Oh, yeah. 

'......由人。哦，是的。

That's a clue.

這是個線索。

Also, 'was cooked'.

還有，"被煮了"。

Well here's our past participle  and our 'to be' verb. 

這裡是我們的過去分詞和我們的 "要 "字動詞。

This sentence, for sure, is a  sentence written in the passive voice. 

這個句子，可以肯定，是一個用被動語態寫的句子。

'The floor was cleaned.'

'地板被打掃乾淨了。

Okay, so I see I have my 'to be' verb 'was'.

好的，所以我看到我有我的'to be'動詞'was'。

And my past participle 'cleaned'.

還有我的過去分詞'清潔'。

But it seems like I'm missing something.

但我似乎錯過了什麼。

I have the receiver but not the doer.

我有接受者，但沒有行動者。

It's okay.

沒關係的。

Like we mentioned before, for some  sentences, you may not have the doer. 

就像我們之前提到的，對於一些句子，你可能沒有做的人。

This is an example of a passive  sentence without the doer. 

這是一個沒有行動者的被動句子的例子。

'The essay about the economy  was written by the student.' 

'關於經濟的文章是由學生寫的。

Now, it's okay. I know this is a big sentence. 

現在，沒關係了。我知道這是個大句子。

But I know we can do it.

但我知道我們可以做到。

Because “boom” 'by the student'.

因為 "繁榮"'由學生'。

There's our clue.

這就是我們的線索。

Also 'was written'.

也是'被寫'。

We have our past participle and our 'to be' verb.

我們有我們的過去分詞和我們的 "to be "動詞。

This is a sentence written in passive voice.

這是一個用被動語態寫的句子。

And our last one. We're almost there. Stay with me. 

還有我們的最後一個。我們快到了。跟著我。

'The best team won the football game.' Good job team. 

'最好的團隊贏得了足球比賽。好樣的團隊。

Our team is our doer.

我們的團隊是我們的行動者。

What did the team do?

該團隊做了什麼？

What's the action?

有什麼行動？

The team won.

團隊贏了。

What did they win? They won the football game. 

他們贏得了什麼？他們贏得了足球比賽。

This is definitely a sentence  written in the active voice. 

這絕對是一個用主動語態寫的句子。

Ah, good job. That's some good practicing - recognizing  

啊，幹得好。那是一些很好的練習--認識到

sentences written in the active and passive voice.

用主動和被動語態寫的句子。

Now, let's move on.

現在，讓我們繼續前進。

You now have a basic understanding  of active and passive voice. 

你現在對主動語態和被動語態有了基本瞭解。

But you're not done yet.

但你還沒有完成。

Because you have homework.

因為你有家庭作業。

You are going to change this active voice  

你要改變這個主動語態

sentence into a passive one.

句子變成了一個被動的句子。

'Mike taught the passive voice.'

'邁克教的是被動語態。

Again, change this sentence into a passive voice  sentence and write it in the comments below. 

同樣，把這個句子改成被動語態句子，並寫在下面的評論中。

Also, you have a quiz.

另外，你有一個小測驗。

You will find a link for the quiz in the description.

你會在描述中找到一個測驗的鏈接。

Please make sure that you 'like' the video as well as subscribe if you want to see more videos by me.

如果你想看到我的更多視頻，請確保你 "喜歡 "這個視頻，並訂閱。

Until then, I'll see you in the next video.

在那之前，我們將在下一個視頻中見。