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  • It’s taken over two decades, thousands of  international scientists, and billions of  

  • dollars to get to this monumental moment. The  James Webb Space Telescope is finally ready  

  • for launch and could revolutionize  our understanding of the universe

  • -I've been working on this project for 11  years. I have feelings of anticipation,  

  • worry. And also relief that we finally get to  do what we've been practicing for years to do.  

  • It feels unreal. Like, it's not really happening

  • -Oh, it’s real. And it should be launching  in a matter of days...hopefully

  • -You have to build something as big as Webb to  really get that capability to address some of  

  • these most fundamental questions we have. Questions likewhat did the first galaxies  

  • look like? How do stars and planets  form? What are the key ingredients  

  • needed to support life on another planet? Webb has been in the works since the mid-90s,  

  • and today is an international collaboration  between NASA, the European Space Agency,  

  • the Canadian Space Agency, and many other academic  and industry partners. When it was first proposed,  

  • the telescope had one major goal: peer back  13.5 billion years to see the first galaxies

  • Light from those far-off galaxies has been  stretched through our ever-expanding universe.  

  • By the time it reaches Webb’s mirrors, it’s  stretched out of our visible light spectrum  

  • into the infrared region, so this is why  Webb was designed to see infrared light

  • -Since then, the mission has broadened  significantly scientifically, we now have  

  • four science themes. The first galaxiesgalaxy evolution, the stellar life cycle,  

  • and other worlds. -That's a lot to tackle, so  

  • how exactly is Webb going to do all this? -So, the James Webb Space Telescope will  

  • achieve these goals by two things. Firstby being large, and second, by being cold

  • -So let’s start there. If you haven’t noticed, Webb  has a massive, eye-catching gold mirror. It’s made  

  • up of 18 smaller segments that will click into  place after deployment and create a total surface  

  • area 6.5 meters across. For comparison, Hubble’s  primary mirror is only 2.4 meters in diameter

  • -You need this large mirror to be  

  • able to collect a lot of light, the more light  you can collect fainter objects you can see

  • And remember the temperature of Webb is also keythe telescope has to be kept really really cold.  

  • That’s because if a telescope is warmit can emit its own infrared wavelengths  

  • and disrupt observations. So to keep  Webb at a chilly 50 Kelvin engineers  

  • designed a tennis court-sized sunshield  to block out light and heat from the Sun,  

  • Earth, and moon. To do this, the shield is made  up of five layers, which insulate the telescope  

  • while allowing heat to escape between each layer. Then there’s the infrared instruments themselves,  

  • which allow the telescope to do two  things: observe objects that emit longer,  

  • redder wavelengths (like the earliest galaxiesand cut through the cosmic dust to see the nebula  

  • where stars and planets are forming. Using all  this new and improved tech, Webb will be able  

  • to show us things weve never even seen before. -When you launch the telescope, it does all its  

  • science, it sends all this beautifulenormous amounts of science data back,  

  • that you can do so many things. I  mean, the amount of information that  

  • will be there is absolutely astounding. -So after countless hours of hard work,  

  • set backs, and dedication, the James Webb  Space Telescope is finally ready for liftoff

  • The telescope will blast off from ESA's spaceport in  Kourou, French Guiana. The observatory will launch  

  • on the reliable Ariane 5 rocket, which is built  to carry heavy payloads. Still, Webb’s mirror  

  • will be folded to fit into the payload fairing. After lift-off, Webb will spend about 30 days  

  • travelling to the second Lagrange point, where  the Webb telescope can comfortably stay on course  

  • with the Earth as it travels around the Sun. -Watch the launch then follow us for for about  

  • six months as we get everything readyAnd please have patience during this time.  

  • It is really necessary to take six  months to get everything cold enough,

  • focused, everything checked out...

  • before you you get to see all the beautiful  images that that we've all been waiting for

  • -And hopefully, well be  surprised by what Webb discovers

  • -We can plan all day long the science that we're  going to do but potentially the most exciting  

  • discoveries we can't even imagine.

  • Just about as long as Webb has been in  production, weve been covering it...or  

  • at least that's what it feels like. Take a look  at the experts weve interviewed over  

  • the years if you want to know about how  James Webb got to this exciting moment.  

  • Don’t forget to subscribe to Seeker. Thanks  for watching and I’ll see you next time.

It’s taken over two decades, thousands of  international scientists, and billions of  

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NASA's James Webb Telescope Launch Is About to Make History

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    Summer 發佈於 2021 年 12 月 03 日
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