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  • England's unique landscapes are rich with history and mystery.

    英格蘭的獨特風景充滿了歷史和神祕感。

  • And even at the most iconic sites, there's more than meets the eye, You just need to be prepared to look a little closer.

    即使在最有代表性的地方,也有比眼睛更多的東西,你只需要準備好仔細觀察一下。

  • I'm mary ann Ohata, I'm an anthropologist and author and today I'm exploring Stonehenge in Wiltshire.

    我是mary ann Ohata,我是一名人類學家和作家,今天我正在探索威爾特郡的巨石陣。

  • It's a slight cared for by english heritage.

    這是英國人的遺產所關心的一個小問題。

  • It's been studied for hundreds of years and thousands of visitors come to see it every year.

    它已經被研究了幾百年,每年有成千上萬的遊客前來參觀。

  • So surely there aren't that many secrets still to unearth.

    是以,肯定沒有那麼多的祕密仍有待發掘。

  • Well, you'd be surprised in fact today, to start understanding Stonehenge.

    那麼,事實上今天你會很驚訝,開始瞭解巨石陣。

  • I'm not even at the site itself.

    我甚至不在網站本身。

  • I'm two miles away at another english heritage site.

    我在兩英里外的另一個英國遺產地。

  • Wood henge, mm hmm.

    木頭人,mm hmm。

  • This is wood henge.

    這是木頭雞籠。

  • And over there is Durrington walls.

    而那邊是杜林頓牆。

  • Wood henge was a timber monument and it comprises of six concentric circles of posts.

    Wood henge是一個木製紀念碑,它由六個同心圓的柱子組成。

  • And each of these concrete posts marks a place where the archaeologists discovered a post hole.

    而這些混凝土柱子中的每一個都標誌著考古學家發現柱洞的地方。

  • Mm.

    嗯。

  • The timber posts have long rotted away, but the archaeologists could work out the size of them from the hole that was there.

    這些木柱早已腐爛,但考古學家可以從當時的洞口算出它們的大小。

  • And so each of these concrete posts perfectly represents the diameter of the timber that was once standing.

    是以,這些混凝土柱子中的每一個都完美地代表了曾經站立的木材的直徑。

  • But what we don't know is what they look like above ground.

    但我們不知道的是,它們在地面上是什麼樣子。

  • They reckon that some of them could have been almost nine m high, but we don't know whether they were carved or whether they still had their branches on them, whether they were strewn with textiles or putative animal sacrifice.

    他們估計其中一些可能有近9米高,但我們不知道它們是否被雕刻過,或者它們上面是否還有樹枝,它們是否散落著紡織品或假定的動物祭品。

  • We also don't know whether they had some kind of linking structure between the posts.

    我們也不知道他們的帖子之間是否有某種鏈接結構。

  • We don't have all the details of what would Henge would have looked like.

    我們沒有掌握所有的細節,不知道Henge會是什麼樣子。

  • But what is absolutely certain is that this place was very special indeed.

    但絕對可以肯定的是,這個地方確實非常特別。

  • And it was constructed in 2500 BC.

    而它是在公元前2500年建造的。

  • The same time that the stones were being raised at Stonehenge.

    就在巨石陣的石頭被抬起的同一時間。

  • Yeah.

    是的。

  • There are a few details that you might notice at this site.

    在這個網站上,有一些細節你可能會注意到。

  • The first are the low remains of an earthwork that circles the whole of the monument.

    首先是一個環繞整個紀念碑的低矮的土堆遺蹟。

  • There's a bank and then a ditch.

    有一個銀行,然後是一個溝渠。

  • It's a lot lower than it would have been originally because this land used to be plowed and so it's flattened it slightly but it's an earthwork similar to the one that your spot around the stones at Stonehenge.

    它比原來要低得多,因為這片土地曾經被耕種過,所以它被稍微壓平了,但它是一個類似於你在巨石陣的石頭周圍發現的土層。

  • And then at the center of the monument is this care which marks the burial site of a three year old child.

    然後在紀念碑的中心是這個護理,它標誌著一個三歲孩子的埋葬地點。

  • The remains were discovered in an archaeological excavation that was conducted in the 1920s and since then the bones have been lost unfortunately.

    這些遺骸是在20世紀20年代進行的一次考古發掘中發現的,從那時起,這些遺骨就不幸地丟失了。

  • So we can't do further analysis.

    所以我們不能做進一步的分析。

  • It means that we don't know exactly when the child died or why but it's possible that this was a human sacrifice or some other kind of special burial that gave this site even more significant.

    這意味著我們不知道這個孩子到底是什麼時候死的,也不知道為什麼,但這有可能是一個人的犧牲,或其他一些特殊的埋葬方式,使這個遺址更有意義。

  • Yeah.

    是的。

  • On the other side of the road is Durrington walls which is looked after by the National Trust.

    在路的另一邊是杜林頓牆,它由國家信託基金管理。

  • And it's another site of extraordinary significance.

    而且這是另一個具有非凡意義的地點。

  • Archaeologists have discovered the remains of a huge timber enclosure and inside the enclosure were dozens of small houses.

    考古學家發現了一個巨大的木製圍牆的遺蹟,圍牆內有幾十間小房子。

  • The houses date to the same period as the stones were being raised at Stonehenge.

    這些房屋可以追溯到與巨石陣的石頭被抬起的同一時期。

  • And we don't know whether these houses were homes to the people who were building Stonehenge or whether they came there to use or worship the stones instead.

    我們不知道這些房子是否是建造巨石陣的人的家,還是他們到那裡來使用或崇拜這些石頭。

  • We also find the evidence of timber, circular monuments much like this one at wood henge.

    我們還發現了木製圓形紀念碑的證據,這些紀念碑很像伍德亨格的這個。

  • There's even more intriguing evidence that comes out of Durrington walls because what you can see in the landscape over there is an absolutely enormous earthwork it carries on across this field.

    還有更多耐人尋味的證據來自於杜林頓牆,因為你在那邊的景觀中可以看到一個絕對巨大的土方工程,它穿過這片田地。

  • And then on the other side of that road down there as well, it's another henge enclosure with a bank and then a ditch.

    然後在那條路的另一邊也是如此,這是另一個有堤岸和溝渠的雞冠石圍牆。

  • But this one is a super henge.

    但這個人是一個超級母雞。

  • What you can see now is basically a tiny sliver of what was originally, there would have been bright white cut through to the chalk and it would have been much, much higher than the ditch would have been much, much deeper.

    你現在能看到的基本上是原來的一小片,本來有明亮的白色切口到白堊,它本來比溝渠要高得多,深得多。

  • That earthwork was built after some of the houses had fallen into disrepair.

    那座土樓是在一些房屋年久失修後建造的。

  • And so the archaeologists think that maybe that earthwork was constructed in order to memorialize what had already happened at this site.

    是以,考古學家認為,也許那個土堆是為了紀念在這個地方已經發生的事情而建造的。

  • Another intriguing piece of evidence are the animal remains found at Durrington walls over 38,000 bones from pigs and cattle have been discovered that were butchered and cooked basically on giant barbecues from isotope analysis of the bones, we know that some of those animals were raised in Wales and other animals were raised in northern Britain.

    另一個耐人尋味的證據是在Durrington牆上發現的動物遺骸,超過38,000塊豬和牛的骨頭被發現,根據對骨頭的同位素分析,我們知道其中一些動物是在威爾士飼養的,其他動物是在英國北部飼養的。

  • They must have come here on the hoof in order to be fresh meat.

    他們一定是為了成為鮮活的肉而馬不停蹄地來到這裡。

  • And we don't know whether that means that there were complex trading networks across the whole of Britain at that time or whether people were coming here with their animals to use this site and perhaps use Stonehenge.

    而我們不知道這是否意味著當時整個英國都有複雜的貿易網絡,或者人們帶著他們的動物來到這裡,使用這個地方,也許是使用巨石陣。

  • Here's a really cool detail when the remains of these animal meat feasts were thrown into the ground, there was still plenty of meat attached to the bones, which indicates that they could afford to throw meat away.

    這裡有一個非常酷的細節,當這些動物肉宴的殘骸被扔到地下時,仍有大量的肉附著在骨頭上,這表明他們有能力扔掉肉。

  • So it challenges all our preconceptions about what life in the Neolithic was like because we know that at least some people were eating very well so well.

    是以,它挑戰了我們對新石器時代生活的所有成見,因為我們知道,至少有些人吃得很好,所以很好。

  • In fact they could afford food waste.

    事實上,他們可以承受食物浪費。

  • So who was using these sites?

    那麼,誰在使用這些網站?

  • Who came here with their animals and who got to have a big old barbecue in Darrington walls It's anyone's guess.

    誰帶著他們的動物來到這裡,誰又能在達林頓的牆壁上進行一次大型的老式燒烤 這是誰都可以猜到的。

  • Both wood henge and Darrington are aligned to the sunrise.

    木頭人和達林頓都是對準日出的。

  • Wood henge isn't actually a perfect circle, it's a slight oval with the axis aligned east west and Durrington, archaeologists discovered an avenue that is perfectly aligned for midwinter sunrise.

    Wood henge實際上並不是一個完美的圓,它是一個輕微的橢圓形,軸線向東向西排列,Durrington,考古學家發現了一條大道,在冬天的日出時完美地排列著。

  • If you follow that avenue down this hill you get to the river avon and if you follow the river avon you get to an avenue that leads you directly to Stonehenge.

    如果你沿著那條大道下山,你就會到達阿文河,如果你沿著阿文河走,你就會到達一條大道,直接通向巨石陣。

  • Mhm I'm here at Stonehenge now with Susan greenie an english heritage archaeologist the season the size that we're decoding today are wood henge.

    我現在和英國遺產考古學家Susan Greenie一起在巨石陣,我們今天解碼的尺寸是木頭雞冠。

  • Stonehenge both bear the name henge.

    巨石陣都有henge這個名字。

  • What exactly is a henge?

    究竟什麼是雞冠石?

  • Hentges a circular usually earthwork monument surrounding other things.

    Hentges一個圓形的通常是土製的紀念碑,圍繞著其他東西。

  • So sometimes stone circles, sometimes timber circles like you saw it would henge.

    是以,有時是石圈,有時是木圈,就像你看到的那樣,它是雞冠石。

  • And we're actually stood now in the ditch of Stonehenge.

    而我們現在實際上是站在巨石陣的溝渠中。

  • The henge of Stonehenge.

    巨石陣的拱門。

  • And is it right I've read that Stonehenge isn't actually a proper henge.

    我在書上看到巨石陣其實並不是一個真正的巨石陣,這是否正確呢?

  • What does that mean?

    那是什麼意思?

  • Khenyeza built between about 3000 Bc and about 2500.

    Khenyeza建於大約公元前3000年和大約2500年之間。

  • And this is a particularly early one and it's sometimes referred to as a proto henge.

    而這是一個特別早期的,它有時被稱為原雞冠石。

  • And is because here we have a ditch with an outer small bank and an inner large banks.

    這是因為在這裡,我們有一條有外部小岸和內部大岸的溝渠。

  • We've got two banks and a ditch whereas in proper Hentges you just get an outer bank and a ditch.

    我們有兩個河岸和一條溝,而在適當的亨特斯,你只得到一個外岸和一條溝。

  • So this is a kind of early version.

    所以這是一種早期版本。

  • And how does this earthwork link with the obvious massive stone monument in the middle?

    而這個土堆與中間明顯的巨大石碑有什麼聯繫呢?

  • Well, it's much earlier.

    嗯,這要早得多。

  • So as I said it was probably built in around 3000 BC and at that time we just have the earthwork enclosure and then some pits just inside the bank which we call Aubrey holes now and those pits might have held stones or posts were not quite sure but they were also used for the place where people put cremated dead.

    是以,正如我所說,它可能建於公元前3000年左右,當時我們只有土質圍牆,然後在岸邊有一些坑,我們現在稱之為奧布里洞,這些坑可能是用來放石頭或柱子的,我們不太清楚,但它們也是人們用來放置火化死者的地方。

  • So there's a kind of 500 year history of Stonehenge which is basically playing out before they put the stones up in the middle of the circle.

    是以,巨石陣有一種500年的歷史,基本上是在他們把石頭放在圓圈中間之前就已經上演了。

  • And the thing about Stonehenge is it's constantly remodeled and remodeled isn't it?

    而巨石陣的特點是它不斷地被改造,被重塑,不是嗎?

  • For more than 1000 years.

    1000多年來。

  • That's right.

    這就對了。

  • So over the late Neolithic and into the Bronze Age people are coming here and embellishing and adding bits and changing things around.

    是以,在新石器時代晚期和青銅時代,人們來到這裡,美化並增加了一些內容,改變了一些東西。

  • So we know that for example when the stones got put up first they were in a different formation a couple of 100 years afterwards they moved some of the smaller stones, the bluestones around.

    所以我們知道,例如,當這些石頭第一次被豎起來時,它們是在一個不同的陣型中,之後的幾百年裡,他們移動了一些較小的石頭,即藍石。

  • So people were coming back here time and time again and and rebuilding and re modifying the monument.

    是以,人們一次又一次地回到這裡,並重建和重新修改紀念碑。

  • Should we go and have a closer look?

    我們應該去仔細看看嗎?

  • Yeah, sure.

    是的,當然。

  • So this is one of the markers that were put in place to show where the Aubrey holes were and the Aubrey holes of this early stage of the monument, a big pit with human cremated remains in it.

    是以,這是為了顯示奧布里洞的位置而設置的標記之一,這個早期階段的奧布里洞是一個大坑,裡面有人類的火化遺體。

  • Yeah, that's right.

    是的,這就對了。

  • So there was about me 2.5 across and there were 56 of them all the way around the bank of the henge.

    是以,大約有我2.5個跨度,有56個,一直圍繞著雞冠石的銀行。

  • And we think that they held uprights of some kind.

    而且我們認為他們持有某種類型的直立物。

  • Some archaeologists think upright stones, possibly the bluestones.

    一些考古學家認為直立的石頭,可能是藍石。

  • Others think maybe timber posts, but they were certainly used for the burial of these cremated remains.

    其他人認為也許是木柱,但它們肯定是用來埋葬這些火化的遺體。

  • And what do we know about the people whose remains these are?

    我們對這些人的遺體又瞭解多少呢?

  • We know that there are men, women and Children of various ages and we know that they come from very different parts of southern Britain.

    我們知道有不同年齡的男人、女人和兒童,我們知道他們來自英國南部非常不同的地區。

  • So perhaps they're being carried here small little bags of cremated remains and being placed here at Stonehenge.

    是以,也許他們被運到這裡的小袋火化遺體,被放置在巨石陣這裡。

  • Wow!

    哇哦!

  • So Stonehenge starts off as a cemetery and it's not just for local people and it's like famous right from the beginning.

    所以巨石陣一開始就是一個公墓,它不只是為當地人服務的,而且一開始就好像很有名。

  • That's right.

    這就對了。

  • Exactly.

    正是如此。

  • People are coming here from quite long distances.

    人們從很遠的地方來到這裡。

  • Let's go see what else we can find.

    讓我們去看看還能找到什麼。

  • Susan, tell me about the stones.

    蘇珊,告訴我關於石頭的事。

  • So we've got two types of stones here at Stonehenge.

    所以我們在巨石陣這裡有兩種類型的石頭。

  • We've got the enormous ones which are sauce and stone, which is a really hard type of stone.

    我們有巨大的,是醬油和石頭,這是一種非常堅硬的石頭。

  • And this is the local stone.

    而這是當地的石頭。

  • These ones, although they're up to 30 tons each.

    這些人,雖然他們每個人高達30噸。

  • They were bought from a local area.

    它們是從當地買來的。

  • So about 15 miles away to the north of here.

    是以,在這裡以北大約15英里的地方。

  • How do we know actually where they're from?

    我們怎麼知道他們實際上來自哪裡?

  • Well, if you can see up on the stone here, there's some little cut out circles.

    好吧,如果你能看到這裡的石頭上,有一些小的切出的圓圈。

  • Yeah, that's the plug where some work was done.

    是的,那是做過一些工作的插頭。

  • So these stones actually fell down in 1797 and they were put back up right in 1958.

    是以,這些石頭實際上是在1797年掉下來的,它們在1958年被重新放上去。

  • And when they did that they found a bit of a crack through this big one here.

    當他們這樣做時,他們發現這裡的這個大的裂縫有一點。

  • And so they pinned it together with metal rods and when they pinned it together they took out a column of the stone, a stone rod in effect.

    於是他們用金屬棒把它釘在一起,當他們把它釘在一起的時候,他們拿出了石頭的一個柱子,實際上是一個石棒。

  • And recently, only in the last year we've been able to geologically analyze that and match it to some natural sar sins and we've been able to pinpoint where these arson stones come from on the marlborough downs a site called westwards.

    最近,只是在去年,我們已經能夠對其進行地質分析,並將其與一些天然的薩氏罪狀相匹配,我們已經能夠確定這些縱火石來自馬爾堡山的一個叫Westwards的地方。

  • And then these are the bluestones.

    然後這些是藍圖。

  • That's right.

    這就對了。

  • These are the smaller stones, but as you can see there actually pretty large and these are the ones that were brought all the way from the Priscilla hills in southwest Wales.

    這些是較小的石頭,但正如你所看到的,它們實際上是相當大的,這些石頭是從威爾士西南部的普里西拉山丘上一路運來的。

  • So although they are smaller and lighter, they've been brought over huge long distances to be put up here at Stonehenge.

    是以,雖然它們比較小,比較輕,但它們是經過了巨大的長途跋涉才被擺放在巨石陣這裡的。

  • What do we know about them?

    我們對他們瞭解多少?

  • I mean, why were they brought here?

    我的意思是,他們為什麼被帶到這裡?

  • And and how do they fit into the monument?

    他們又是如何融入紀念碑的呢?

  • It's really difficult to know why these particular stones were brought.

    真的很難知道為什麼這些特殊的石頭會被帶來。

  • Priscilla hills must have been a place that was important.

    普里西拉山一定是一個很重要的地方。

  • These stones must have been important, something.

    這些石頭一定是很重要的,有些東西。

  • Perhaps they were put up in a stone circle in Wales first and then brought here later.

    也許它們先被放在威爾士的一個石圈裡,後來才被帶到這裡。

  • But they've been put up in several different places.

    但它們已經被掛在幾個不同的地方。

  • And in fact that where they stood down today is not where they've always stood at Stonehenge.

    而事實上,他們今天站下來的地方並不是他們一直站在巨石陣的地方。

  • Come over here and I'll show you how we know that this stone here.

    到這裡來,我告訴你我們是如何知道這裡的這塊石頭的。

  • Can you see it's got this, this groove all the way down one side.

    你能看到它有這個,這個凹槽一直到一側。

  • The bluestones didn't always stand in the current formation.

    藍寶石並不總是站在目前的隊列中。

  • We've actually got some clues from some of the stones that they were worked and shaped into slots and grooves.

    實際上,我們已經從一些石頭上得到了一些線索,它們被加工和塑造成槽和溝。

  • So we think they stood together as pairs and also some the lintels and I've got corresponding tenants on upright stones.

    所以我們認為他們是成對站在一起的,還有一些門楣和我在直立的石頭上有相應的住戶。

  • So little mini triathlons.

    這麼小的迷你鐵人三項。

  • So we know that they stood in a previous formation here at Stonehenge in that setting.

    所以我們知道,他們在巨石陣這裡以前的隊形是站在那個環境中的。

  • And archaeologists have found that when they've been excavated they found this double bluestone arc, which is where the bluestones first stood in the middle of Stonehenge.

    而考古學家在挖掘時發現,他們發現了這個雙藍石弧,也就是藍石最初矗立在巨石陣中間的位置。

  • I love the idea that there's a kind of a missing mystery monument from Stonehenge itself.

    我喜歡這種想法,認為巨石陣本身就有一種失蹤的神祕紀念碑。

  • It's just that at some point the ancestors decided to rearrange the bricks and build something else.

    只是在某些時候,祖先們決定重新排列磚塊,建造別的東西。

  • There's one other type of stone here at Stonehenge that isn't a blue stone or assassin.

    在巨石陣這裡還有一種石頭,不是藍石或刺客。

  • It's something different entirely.

    這是完全不同的東西。

  • So, this stone is probably perhaps the most important stone on the site, that one.

    是以,這塊石頭可能是遺址上最重要的石頭,那一塊。

  • That's it, but profoundly underwhelming one.

    就是這樣,但深刻地讓人難以接受的一個。

  • That's right, yeah, this is a different type of geology.

    沒錯,是的,這是一種不同類型的地質學。

  • So this one is made of sandstone and it comes probably from the area of the brick and Beacon's in Wales.

    所以這個是由砂岩製成的,它可能來自威爾士的磚頭和烽火臺地區。

  • So, somewhere in between here in the castle hills in Pembrokeshire and we call it the altar stone, why do you call it the altar stone?

    所以,在彭布羅克郡的城堡山這裡的某個地方,我們稱之為祭壇石,為什麼叫它祭壇石?

  • I mean, immediately, I'm thinking a kind of druid like shamanic figure doing wild rituals and blood sacrifice.

    我的意思是,我立即想到一種德魯伊式的薩滿教人物,做野性的儀式和血祭。

  • Too many fantasy novels, maybe, maybe.

    太多的幻想小說,也許,也許。

  • Yeah, we call it the altar stone because it stands right in the middle of the most special inner sanctum of Stonehenge, it's surrounded by the horseshoes and by the circles of stones and it's laid flat, It's sort of like an altar.

    是的,我們稱它為祭壇石,因為它就站在巨石陣最特別的內部聖殿的中間,它被馬蹄鐵和石圈所包圍,它被平放,有點像一個祭壇。

  • So that's why, you know, antiquities first gave it name, altar stone, it could have stood upright, but it's probably quite likely that it was flat and it is here, right at the middle of the stone.

    所以這就是為什麼,你知道,古物學家首先給它起了個名字,祭壇石,它可能是直立的,但可能很可能是平的,它就在這裡,就在石頭的中間。

  • So we don't know what kind of ceremonies took place here.

    所以我們不知道這裡舉行了什麼樣的儀式。

  • But it's clearly it was an important stone.

    但很明顯,它是一塊重要的石頭。

  • It's kind of frustrating that it's been squashed by these there the rest of the treeless on with this one, isn't it?

    這有點令人沮喪的是,它被這些有其餘的無樹上的這個人壓制了,不是嗎?

  • Yeah, that's right.

    是的,這就對了。

  • So this is falling over at some point in the past, we don't know when the these are this is the tallest trial.

    所以這是在過去的某個時間點上倒下的,我們不知道這些是什麼時候,這是最高的審判。

  • It on on the site sits at the head of the horseshoe.

    它在網站上位於馬蹄形的頭部。

  • One half.

    一半。

  • It has fallen towards us.

    它已經向我們落下了。

  • And actually this here is the little, you can still see the Hollows underneath where it would have slotted on top.

    實際上,這裡是小的,你仍然可以看到下面的Hollows,它本來是開在上面的。

  • And that gives us a really good sense of how they were carving and shaping these joints so that the stones fitted together and you can see the tenant that's still on the top there.

    這讓我們很好地瞭解到他們是如何雕刻和塑造這些接縫的,以便使這些石頭合在一起,你可以看到頂部的租戶還在那裡。

  • And Stonehenge is described as a clean site.

    而巨石陣被描述為一個乾淨的場所。

  • Is that right?

    是這樣嗎?

  • Because you don't find animal remains, you don't find bits of pottery.

    因為你找不到動物的遺骸,你也找不到陶器的碎片。

  • It kind of looks like it was kept special in some way that makes it so different to what we find during two malls and wood henge where there's animal bones everywhere and bits of pottery and all sorts of houses, all sorts of kind of life.

    它看起來像是以某種方式被保留下來的,這使得它與我們在兩個商場和木雞場期間發現的東西如此不同,那裡到處都是動物的骨頭和陶器的碎片,還有各種房子,各種類型的生活。

  • Yeah, it's a complete contrast.

    是的,這完全是一種對比。

  • So you've got the two sides of being occupied and built at the same time, but they're very very different uses and different perspectives.

    是以,你已經有了同時被佔用和建造的兩面,但它們是非常非常不同的用途和不同的觀點。

  • So here it's kept clean, it's kept sacred.

    所以在這裡,它被保持清潔,它被保持神聖。

  • Perhaps it's not suitable for everyday life and lots of rubbish and excitement.

    也許它不適合日常生活和大量的垃圾和刺激。

  • So maybe it's a special sacred place.

    是以,也許它是一個特殊的神聖的地方。

  • Maybe it's because it's a burial place of the dead that you come here and it's a it's a very special place where it's Darrington is where everything's going on and you've got party town.

    也許是因為它是一個埋葬死者的地方,你來到這裡,它是一個非常特別的地方,它是達林頓是一切都在進行的地方,你有聚會的小鎮。

  • Yeah, exactly.

    是的,沒錯。

  • And yet they're linked.

    然而,它們是有聯繫的。

  • So you've got a party town over there, but then you come up the river and you arrive here.

    所以你在那邊有一個聚會的小鎮,但是你沿河而上,就到了這裡。

  • That's right.

    這就對了。

  • So both monuments are linked by their own avenues to the river Avon.

    是以,這兩座紀念碑都通過各自的大道與雅芳河相連。

  • So the Stonehenge Avenue we can actually have a look at where it begins and where the entrance to Stonehenge is Susan this is the avenue.

    是以,巨石陣大道我們實際上可以看一下它的起點和巨石陣的入口在哪裡,蘇珊這就是大道。

  • That's right.

    這就對了。

  • We're standing at the end of the avenue and it runs right the way down into the valley here.

    我們正站在大道的盡頭,它一直延伸到這裡的山谷中。

  • And just here is where we can see some of the earthworks of the bank and ditch that flank either side of it.

    就在這裡,我們可以看到它兩側的一些堤岸和溝渠的土方工程。

  • Yeah, you can see it just sort of tracking up through the field there.

    是的,你可以看到它只是在田地裡跟蹤。

  • But it's really clear this side that's right and this part of the avenue is really important because it's aligned on the solstice.

    但真的很清楚,這邊是對的,這部分大道真的很重要,因為它對準了至陰日。

  • So together with the heel stone, this enormous stone, it marks the sunrise.

    是以,連同腳跟的石頭,這塊巨大的石頭,它標誌著日出。

  • So in this direction the sunrises and midsummer and in the opposite direction, the sun sets between the two tallest stones at midwinter.

    是以,在這個方向上,太陽昇起和仲夏,在相反的方向上,太陽在仲冬時分落在兩塊最高的石頭之間。

  • Now, that's a really intriguing link because you've got the avenue which is the link up with the river Avon and the avenue to Durrington walls and wood henge.

    現在,這是一個非常耐人尋味的環節,因為你有一條大道,它與埃文河相連,還有一條通往杜林頓城牆和木柵欄的大道。

  • But over there, elements of the monuments are aligned for midwinter sunrise and here you've got the alignment with midwinter sunset, the point where the sun disappears on the darkest shortest day of the year.

    但在那邊,紀念碑的元素是與冬日的日出對齊的,而在這裡,你已經得到了與冬日的日落對齊,即在一年中最黑暗最短的一天太陽消失的點。

  • So we think that people perhaps moved between the two.

    所以我們認為,人們也許在這兩者之間移動。

  • Perhaps you can imagine rituals and ceremonies, processions.

    也許你能想象到儀式和典禮,遊行。

  • We don't know exactly how people use the two sites, but certainly there's a contrast between the sort of Durrington, the timber monuments, the sunrise there and coming here and the sunset.

    我們不知道人們到底是如何使用這兩個地方的,但可以肯定的是,杜林頓的那種,木材紀念碑,那裡的日出和來這裡的日落之間有一種對比。

  • So to actually understand these monuments, we have to look at them in the landscape as a whole.

    是以,要真正理解這些紀念碑,我們必須把它們放在整個景觀中來看。

  • We have to look at how the monuments interconnected and how people are moving between them and how they're seeing different parts of the landscape in different ways.

    我們必須看看這些古蹟是如何相互聯繫的,人們是如何在它們之間移動的,他們是如何以不同的方式看到景觀的不同部分。

  • What a remarkable place this is for thousands of years.

    幾千年來,這是一個多麼了不起的地方。

  • People have come to Stonehenge and they have marveled and they've tried to make sense of it and we still do that today.

    人們來到巨石陣,他們驚歎不已,並試圖弄清它的意義,今天我們仍然這樣做。

  • We've got smartphones, we've got space flight.

    我們已經有了智能手機,我們已經有了太空飛行。

  • But Stonehenge holds its own when you do come and visit.

    但是,當你真的來參觀時,巨石陣也會有自己的特點。

  • Don't just rush to the stones though, explore the wider landscape, there are hundreds of archaeological sites to discover there's a network of footpaths and open access land because by wondering and wondering and using our imaginations, that's how we actually unlock the secrets of these incredible sights.

    不過,不要只顧著去看石頭,要去探索更廣闊的風景,這裡有數百個考古遺址可以發現,有一個人行道和開放的土地網絡,因為通過琢磨和琢磨,發揮我們的想象力,這就是我們真正揭開這些令人難以置信的景點的祕密的方法。

  • Mhm.

    嗯。

England's unique landscapes are rich with history and mystery.

英格蘭的獨特風景充滿了歷史和神祕感。

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