字幕列表 影片播放
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I've been trying to film this video all day but it keeps going wrong!
我整天都試著在拍這段影片,但它一直出錯!
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What does that mean?
那是什麼意思?
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Does it mean I've been trying to film, but now I've given up?
這代表我已經試著在拍片,但我現在放棄了嗎?
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Or does it mean that I've now finished filming?
或這代表我現在已經完成拍片?
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Today, we're talking about the present perfect continuous tense, which we use to talk about an activity that is ongoing.
今天我們要來看現在完成進行式,我們用來說一件持續的動作。
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But how does it work?
該怎麼用呢?
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The present perfect continuous tense is created using four words in the correct order at the beginning of a sentence.
現在完成進行式是由四個字按照順序放在句子的開頭。
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I have been playing the piano all morning.
我已經彈了一整個早上的鋼琴。
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First of all, we have the subject, so in this case, "I".
首先,我們要有主詞,這裡使用的是「我」。
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Then, we use "have" or "has", depending on the subject.
接著我們根據主詞使用 have 或 has。
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Next is the word "been".
再來是 been。
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This is the part that shows the activity is ongoing and it doesn't change no matter what the subject or the verb is.
這部分是持續動作的展現,並不會隨著主詞或動詞改變。
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And finally, we have the main verb, with an "-ing" ending.
最後我們放上主動詞,並在後面放上 -ing 結尾。
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I have been playing.
我已經彈了。
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And then you can finish off the sentence, including details of the activity and how long it has been going on for, usually by adding the subject and then a time phrase.
然後你可以用動作的細節和持續的時間來完整句子,通常會放入主詞和時間片語。
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I have been playing the piano all morning.
我已經彈了一整個早上的鋼琴。
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Here's a pro tip: If you want to sound more like a native speaker, you can get a little bit lazy.
這裡有個專業的小技巧:如果你想要聽起來更像英語母語人士,你可以懶惰一點。
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We'll often use a contraction of the subject and "has" or "have", which means we shorten it to one word.
我們通常會把主詞跟 has 或 have 縮寫在一起,也就是濃縮成一個字。
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"I have" becomes "I've", "you have" becomes "you've", "they have" becomes "they've".
I have 變成 I’ve、you have 變成 you’ve、they have 變成 they've。
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"He has" becomes "he's", and "she has" becomes "she's".
He has 變成 he’s、she has 變成 she’s。
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Oh! "Anna has" becomes "Anna's".
Anna has 變成 Anna’s。
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Anna's been teaching English all morning.
Anna 一整個早上都在教英文。
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Now, let's talk about those time phrases.
我們來看一些時間片語。
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What's the difference between the word "for" and the word "since"?
For 和 since 有什麼差別呢?
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This is a very common mistake with non-native English speakers, so let's go through this carefully.
這是非英語母語人士很常犯的錯誤,我們來仔細看看。
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The word "for" is used when you are talking about an amount of time.
For 是當你在講一段時間時使用。
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Duration.
持續的時間。
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For example, "She practiced the dance for two hours."
舉例來說:「她已經練舞長達兩個小時。」
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Or "I've been at the bus stop for half an hour."
或「我已經在公車站等了半個小時。」
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The word "since" is used when you want to say the start time.
Sinc 是用在當你想講特定開始的時間。
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For example, "I've been here since six o'clock." or "I've lived in this house since 2011."
例如:「我從六點就在這裡了。」或「我從 2011 年就住在這間屋子了。」
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If you want to be less specific, you could say "for a while".
如果你想要不那麼明確的話,你可以說「一段時間」。
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I've been thinking about it for a while.
我已經想了一段時間。
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This usually means "quite a long time", but it's not a specific amount of time.
這通常代表「很長一段時間」但不是很明確的時間。
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If you want to say you've not been doing something for a long time, but without being too specific, you could say "for a little while".
如果你想說你沒有做某件事很長一段時間,但又沒有太明確的話,你可以說「一下子」。
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Anna, I'm sorry I'm late. Have you been waiting long?
Anna,我很抱歉我遲到了。妳等很久了嗎?
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Only a little while.
只有等一下子。
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Another time phrase you can use is "all", and then a longer time period.
另一個時間片語你可以用「整個」,再接上比較長的時間。
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For example, "I've been here all week." or "I've been trying to call you all month."
例如:「我整個禮拜都在這裡。」或「我整個月都在試著打給你。」
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Again, this comes from native speakers being lazy.
同樣的,這也是由於英語母語人士的懶惰。
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It actually means "for all of the".
事實上是 for all of the 的意思。
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So, rather than saying, "I've been trying to find you for all of the day," a native speaker would simply say, "I've been trying to find you all day."
所以比起說:「我一整天都試著去找到你。」英語母語人士會簡略地說:「我整天都在試著找你。」
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So now, I'm going to say five sentences, leaving a space for the word "for" or "since".
我現在要來出五個句子,挖空一格來填入 for 或 since。
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I'll pause for a few seconds between each one to let you think about your answer.
我會在句子中暫停幾秒讓你想好你的答案。
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Ok, are we ready?
準備好了嗎?
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Number one: I've been playing tennis ____ last year.
第一題:我 ___ 去年打網球。
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And the answer is, "since". I've been playing tennis since last year.
答案是 since,我從去年就開始打網球。
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Number two: He's been talking about it ___ weeks.
第二題:他已經說了 ___禮拜。
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And the answer is, "for". He's been talking about it for weeks.
答案是 for,他已經說了好幾個禮拜。
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Next question.
下一題。
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Number three: They've been driving ____ hours.
第三題:他們已經開車 ___ 小時。
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The answer is, "for". They've been driving for hours.
答案是 for,他們已經開車開了好幾個小時。
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Question four: I've been dancing _____ I was 6 years old.
第四題:我跳舞 ___我在六歲時。
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The answer is, "since". I've been dancing since I was 6 years old.
答案是 since,我從六歲時就開始跳舞。
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And the final question: She's been annoying me ____ all morning.
最後一題:她煩我 ___ 整個早上。
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I'm sorry. That was a trick question.
對不起,這題是陷阱題。
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We don't use "for" or "since" when we say "all morning", so the full sentence is: She's been annoying me all morning.
我們在說「整個早上」時,不會用 for 或 since。所以整句話應該是:她整個早上都在煩我。
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What was your score out of five? Let me know in the comments section below.
你五題答對幾題?可以在底下的留言區告訴我。
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Oh, and I noticed that a lot of you don't have your notifications turned on, so if I do a live lesson, how will you know about it?
我還注意到你們很多人都沒把小鈴鐺打開。這樣如果我有直播課程,你們要怎麼知道呢?
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Guys, turn on your notifications, and don't forget, my regular lessons come out on Mondays and Fridays, so be sure to catch up.
打開小鈴鐺。別忘記了,我固定的課程是在禮拜一跟禮拜五播出,記得跟上我們。
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Until next time, you could watch one of these lessons. See you soon. Bye.
下堂課開始之前,你可以去觀看這些課程。我們很快就會見面,掰掰。