We're headed back to the US State of California for our first story this Tuesday.

本週二的第一則消息是來自美國加利福尼亞州的漏油事件。

A leak in an oil pipeline has shut down beaches, threatened wildlife, and triggered a large cleanup effort.

這次的漏油事件造成海灘關閉，大量野生動物死亡，美國當局為此展開大規模的清理工作，務求盡快恢復原狀。

The problem was first reported last Saturday; officials think it occurred about five miles off the coast of southern California.

這起事件發生於上週六，官員們推測案發地點是南加州岸外 5 英里處。

The CEO of the company that owns the pipeline says employees were working at sea when they noticed a sheen in the water.

負責維護該油管的公司的首席執行官透露，事發時水中出現不尋常光澤，引起了正在海上作業的員工們注意，因而揭發了這起事件。

He says they contacted the Coast Guard and cleared out oil at both ends of the pipeline to try to keep additional crude from leaking.

該公司於是緊急通報海岸防衛隊，並立即抽空油管兩端的石油，避免更多的石油洩漏到海裡。

But while officials say it looks like the leak has stopped, it still caused 126,000 gallons of oil to spill into the sea.

雖然官方聲稱他們已經止住了油管繼續漏油的狀況。不過，估計已經有 12.6 萬加侖的石油流進了海裡。

It's not the largest oil leak in US history.

但這還不是美國史上最大規模的漏油事件。

The Deepwater Horizon spill of 2010 released an estimated 168 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico.

美國有史以來最嚴重的漏油事件是 2010 年發生的墨西哥灣漏油事故。當時，出事的深水地平線鑽油台一共漏出 1.68 億加侖的石油到墨西哥灣。

You can still see the evidence of last weekend's leak.

至今，加州岸邊還留有大片漏油的痕跡。

Huntington Beach, Laguna Beach, Newport Beach⏤these are all located in southern California, near Los Angeles⏤they've either issued warnings about the spill or shut down altogether.

坐落在南加州的三片海灘，亨廷頓海灘、拉古納海灘、紐波特海灘紛紛發出旅遊警告，甚至直接關閉海灘，禁止遊客靠近。

Local officials say natural habitats in the area⏤wetlands⏤have been damaged and dead animals have washed up on shore.

當地的官員說，案發現場附近的濕地遭到波及，自然生態被破壞，大批動物屍體被冲上岸。

US government agencies are investigating the spill and helping with the cleanup, but what's still a mystery is how exactly this happened and where exactly the breach of the pipeline occurred.

美國政府正調查漏油的原因並協助展開油污清理工作。不過油管怎麼會漏油？哪裡發生漏油？目前為止還是個謎。

The faulty pipe is 17 miles long; it belongs to a company called Amplify Energy.

出事的油管長達 17 英里，為一間名為 Amplify Energy 的公司所擁有。

And it says the systems that operate the pipeline were built in the 1970s and 80s and are inspected every other year, including during the pandemic.

資料顯示，油管是於 1970 和 1980 年代間建成，而且不受疫情影響，每年定期進行檢查。

So while investigators are working to figure that out, the Coast Guard has been working to remove thousands of gallons of oil from the Pacific.

在調查人員積極追查漏油起因的同時，海岸防衛隊已經成功清除漂浮在太平洋上的數千加侖石油。

More than 1,200 gallons of oily water mixture have been recovered as of Sunday afternoon and 3,700 ft of boom have been deployed.

截至週日下午，超過 1,200 加侖的石油已被打撈起來。當局也布放了 3,700 英尺的攔油索阻止油污進一步擴散。

But 12,00 gallons is nowhere near the potential total spill amount of 126,000 gallons.

不過，對比洩漏的 12.6 萬加侖石油，被打撈起來的 1,200 加侖石油可謂小巫見大巫。

We've watched as boats have dragged a boom up and down the coast trying to collect that oil.

以上畫面是船隻拖著吊杆在海岸邊來回穿梭，努力收集海面上的石油。

The recovery and cleanup will take quite some time.

看來還要好長一段時間才能完全清楚油污，恢復自然原貌。

So far, one oiled ruddy duck is under veterinary care and other reports of animals washing up with oil on them are being investigated.

一隻沾染油污的棕硬尾鴨被救起並交給了獸醫照顧。當局也正對其他沾到油污，被海水沖上岸的動物展開事件調查。

People here at Huntington Beach have found tar balls on the bottoms of their feet and on their skin, which Orange County public health officials warn could cause skin irritation.

橙縣公共衛生官員警告，在亨廷頓海灘活動期間踩到和觸碰到結塊的石油的遊客可能會出現皮膚過敏狀況。

Health officials said Sunday they would issue an advisory, especially for people with respiratory illnesses, that products evaporated from the spill could also cause irritation for the eyes, nose, and throat, could cause dizziness or even vomiting.

衛生官員週日表示，他們將在海灘現場張貼警示標語，要求有呼吸疾病的人們遠離海灘。因為石油在太陽照射下會增溫釋放出有害氣體，刺激人類的眼睛、鼻子和喉嚨，甚至可能導致頭暈或嘔吐。

The bottom line is, people should stay away from the water and away from the shoreline.

總歸一句，任何人都應該遠離受污染的海域和海灘。

I was there for a few hours today, and even during that time, I started to feel a little bit of, uh, my throat hurt and, um, and... and you can feel the vapor in the air.

我今天在現場待了幾個小時，在那期間，我喉嚨出現刺痛感，空氣中也一直瀰漫著讓人不舒服的氣體。

I saw what I'll describe as little pancake clusters of oil along the shoreline, and I've described it as something like an egg yolk⏤if you push it, it kind of spreads out.

油污沿著海岸線形成了一個個像鬆餅的塊狀物，有點像蛋黃。你輕輕一推，它可能就會溢出去。

And, so, we don't want people to disturb those little clusters so that the cleanup can be more easily, um, maintained.

所以我們不希望有人靠近現場，讓油污清理工作可以更快速進行。

The parent company responsible here is Amplify Energy; their CEO said Sunday they would do everything in their power to make this a quick recovery.

由於出事的油管屬於 Amplify Energy，為了表示誠意，該公司的首席執行官承諾他們會盡全力協助環境恢復工作。

The spill was about 4.5 miles offshore from a pipeline that connects from a processing platform to the shore.

當局是在岸外 4.5 英里處發現該條連接岸上石油加工廠的輸油管漏油。

Divers were in place Sunday evening at the potential source site to investigate how this leak happened, and the National Transportation Safety Board has also sent out investigators to help figure out how this occurred.

當局週日晚間派遣多名潛水員潛下海底調查漏油原因。國家運輸安全委員會也派出多位調查員協助弄清這起事件是如何發生的。

There's a subtle difference between the type of oil leaked off the California coast and the kind we've seen in other spills like the BP or Deepwater Horizon disaster in 2010.

這次加州洩漏的石油和 2010 年墨西哥灣漏油事故中洩漏的石油有小小的差別。

This time around, instead of raw crude, what leaked is something called post production oil.

這次洩漏的油是已經經過加工的油，而不是原油。

CNN's Tom Sater explains how this could impact the cleanup effort.

CNN 主持人 Tom Sater 解釋了油的質地會如何影響清理工作。

Let's show you where this complex is.

問題有多複雜呢？

Notice these boxes offshore here⏤this is called the Beta Field; it's actually property that is owned by the US Department of the Interior.

首先，這個範圍被稱為 Beta 油田，屬於美國內政部。

This property is leased by these oil companies.

內政部在過去把這個區域租給了這些石油公司。

Now, we're getting in closer, and you're going to see we have several of these oil rigs⏤they all begin with the letter E, their names, you got Edith and Elly here⏤this is the concern.

放大這塊區域來看，你會發現這裡有好幾座石油鑽井平台，並以 E 字母取名，例如 Edith、Elly。

The red lines that move toward the shore are pipelines.

從海裡連接到岸上的紅線就是輸油管。

This is, as mentioned, is post-production oil; it's not raw crude like we have with the BP oil spill.

這些後加工油跟當年漂浮在墨西哥灣海上的原油不同。

So the consis⏤, uh, consistency is gonna be a little bit lighter, less dense, so it's easily going to disperse on the field of the ocean waters.

後加工油比原油更輕盈、更稀，所以很容易在海面上散開。

But again, the farther northern line, that's Elly's line, we have heard preliminary reports there was a breach on this pipeline.

根據初步報告，海面上的油就是從地圖上這一條位置更遠、位於北方的 Elly 輸油管洩漏出來的。

Where? It is unknown.

但確切的漏油位置在哪裡？不知道。

We were told that they did put a temporary patch on it⏤or at least a partial patch⏤yesterday, and they're getting at work on that again today.

我們被告知，石油公司昨天有臨時修補了部分的裂縫，今天也繼續修補裂縫。

But this is 3,000 barrels of oil⏤that's 126,000, 130,000 gallons.

但我們洩漏的可是 3,000 桶石油啊，說的是 12.6 萬、13 萬加侖的石油。

So, again, these pipelines carry it to the shore, where? Again, we... we're just not sure of.

回到我們剛剛說的，這些輸油管負責輸送石油到岸上，但在輸送過程中洩漏了石油，在哪裡洩漏？我們不確定。

So, let's follow the winds that push the sea currents.

我們用風向來推測。

Anyone in southern California will tell you, you got the onshore flow, the offshore flow.

任何住在加州的人都知道，岸邊和離岸有著完全不同的水流。

So, even though you see that red box here⏤his is where the oil sheen is⏤at 5.8 miles in length, when you have the winds pushing on shore at a less density with this crude oil, you can almost expect that field to expand.

正如我們前面提到的，這些後加工的油很輕盈，很容易在海面發散開來，加上風吹作用，真正的案發地點有可能不是我們一開始發現油污的岸外 5.8 英里處。

10-second trivia: After paper products, what accounts for the largest category of US solid waste?

10 秒問答！繼紙類產品之後，美國第二大宗的固體垃圾是什麼？

Food, plastics, yard trimmings, or metals.

是食物、塑料、樹木殘枝還是金屬？

The US government says food accounts for more than 21% of solid waste.

美國政府公佈了答案：是食物。

Next story is not a total waste, but it is totally about that topic.

下一則消息不完全是講垃圾，但跟垃圾有關。

The US Environmental Protection Agency says what we've done with our garbage has changed dramatically over the decades.

美國環境保護局表示，我們過去數十年來處理垃圾的方式發生了巨大的變化。

In 1960, for instance, almost all municipal waste went to landfills, a fraction went to recycling.

以 1960 年為例，城市裡幾乎所有垃圾都以掩埋方式處理，只有一小部分垃圾被回收。

Now, much more waste is recycled, while food management, composting, and combustion for energy are all growing alternatives to landfills.

時至今日，更多的垃圾獲得回收，並以糧食管理、堆肥、焚化產能等方式取代傳統的掩埋處理法。

But that's not always the case for the electronics we increasingly use and throw away.

但我們對於日益增多的電子垃圾又有著不同的回收方式。

What can be done with e-waste?

我們可以怎麼回收電子垃圾呢？

This is it.

就是這樣。

The end of the road for old electronics.

這就是老舊電子設備的結局。

Or not quite.

但也不都全是這樣。

So, this is (an) example of e-waste: all these are, uh, microwaves, laptops, uh, phones⏤everything goes from here; this is the start of the process.

這是人們另一種處理電子垃圾的方式，被丟掉的微波爐、筆電、手機等都會被集中在這裡，並開始進行處理。

A new lease of life to unwanted devices.

這些被丟掉的電子設備重獲新生。

Cables, phones, printers go in, all chopped up.

電線、手機、打印機都被送進機器裡切碎。

Out comes all sorts of materials like new, ready to be used in manufacturing once more.

變成全新的，可用於生產的原料。

These materials are coming from this phone, and the really big goal is to make a new phone like this.

這些原料都來自這支手機，我們最終的目的是生產一支全新的手機。

Enviroserve collects e-waste from more than 10 countries across the Middle East and Africa.

Enviroserve 向中東和非洲超過 10 個國家收集大量電子垃圾。

Once in the Dubai facility, devices needing a quick fix get repaired.

這些被丟棄的電子設備被送到位於迪拜的廠房，可以修復的電子設備都會獲得維修。

Anything broken has their batteries removed, gets torn apart, and is separated based on what they're made of.

至於無法被修復的電子設備，則會被「肢解」，拆除電池，並依據零件分類。

We each produce an average of 7 kilograms of electronic waste per year.

全球每個人平均一年製造 7 公斤的電子垃圾。

That's the equivalent to almost 4 laptops per person on the planet every year and is expected to double by 2050.

等於一個人一年丟掉了 4 台筆電，到 2050 年這個數字將再翻一倍。

Getting rid of all this stuff isn't easy.

要處理好電子垃圾並不容易。

First is the health risk of being exposed to toxic materials, and if you chuck it in landfill, then all these valuable items just go to waste.

因為電子設備的零件都含有毒性，沒處理好會對人類的健康構成危險；再來，電子設備中的零件還有價值，如果你直接扔到垃圾場，就白白浪費了這些好東西。

The e-waste going to the landfill is not (the) solution; it's just parked, idling for the future.

把電子設備扔到垃圾場不是最好的解決方法，你只是把問題留給未來。

For when? Nobody knows.

未來什麼時候解決這個問題？不知道。

Which is why Enviroserve is determined to provide an alternative.

這就是為什麼 Enviroserve 決定提出一個解決電子垃圾的方法。

For now, they are currently operating at only 7% capacity, but eventually, they hope to process 39,000 tons of e-waste every year.

目前，Enviroserve 只開通 7% 的產能來處理電子垃圾，他們最終的目標是每年處理 3.9 萬噸電子垃圾。

We are not at full capacity, definitely not, but we are ready for the future, so we can do more and more.

這還不是我們最大的產能，絕對不是，但我們的產能足以應付未來的需求，我們可以做得更多。

Around the world, less than 20% of electronic waste is properly recycled, according to the Global E-waste Monitor.

《全球電子廢棄物監測報告》指出，不到 20% 的電子垃圾獲得妥善回收。

And currently, only, only 10 billion US dollar(s) of the raw materials are being recovered from e-waste, and nearly 50 billion are not recovered at all.

目前，我們只從電子垃圾中回收價值 100 億美元的原料，還有將近 500 億美元的原料遭到浪費。

So there is (a) big opportunity out there.

這說明了電子垃圾的市場是大有可為的。

Electronic waste, an example of how one man's trash is another man's treasure.

你不要的東西，可能成為別人的寶物，電子垃圾就是個最好的例子。

Anna Stewart, CNN.

我是 CNN 的 Anna Stewart。

Kaylee Rickard-Ramos gets 10 out of 10 today.

如果說 10 分為滿分，我給 Kaylee Rickard-Ramos 滿分都不夠！

She's an Alaskan teenage athlete with a 4.0 grade-point average.

這位來自阿拉斯加的少年運動員，有著 GPA 4.0 的出色成績。

But it's what she did with an old delivery truck that's getting her national attention.

但她爆紅的真正原因，是她將老貨車化腐朽為神奇的創意。

Kaylee previously worked in a cafe and she wanted to save money for college.

Kaylee 過去曾在一家咖啡廳打工。為了籌集大學學費，

So, with the help of family and friends, the high school sophomore converted her grandparents' unused truck to a mobile coffee shop and, voila, espresso and college savings.

這位高二生在親友的幫助下，將她祖父母閒置的老貨車改裝成移動式咖啡廳。登愣！一次解鎖咖啡店老闆和學費籌集的成就。

Let's see, should we wheel out a load of truck puns or serve up a latte coffee puns.

來來來，我來想想今天要玩火車還是拿鐵咖啡的雙關梗。

One would be a "chas-easy" way to haul out some "bed liner" one-liners, but the other could brew up an energizing "cof-feet" of puns that we could milk for all it's worth.

你可以躺在車廂裡耍廢，也可以在車廂裡泡杯咖啡。無論是耍廢還是泡咖啡，搭配牛奶準沒錯。

So, I think I'll go with...

接著，

But we don't want to make you "cafe o'late", so, want to give a quick shout-out to Mauston High School in Mauston, Wisconsin, and wish you a good day.

但今天不泡咖啡，今天要點名感謝威斯康辛州的 Mauston 高中，感謝你們對我們的支持，也祝福你們有美好的一天！

I'm Carl Azuz for CNN.

我是 CNN 的 Carl Azuz。