Name: 約翰-洛克。教育清晰的思考的頭腦 (John Locke: Educating Clear Thinking Minds)
Uploaded: 2021-09-30T19:45:36.000Z
Duration: 6 min 40 s

during a time when the church controlled what people could believe and the kings ruled over what people ought to own john Locke an english doctor popularized three ideas that changed society and parenting forever.

在教會控制人們的信仰和國王統治人們應該擁有的東西的時代，英國醫生約翰-洛克普及了三個思想，永遠改變了社會和父母。

轉承詞

First, people keep fighting over their beliefs because nobody can actually know which one is true to solve this problem.

首先，人們一直在為自己的信仰而爭吵，因為沒有人能真正知道哪一個是真的，以解決這個問題。

Everyone should have freedom of thought and the right to choose their own religion.

每個人都應該有思想自由，有權選擇自己的宗教。

Second kings can't just do as they please because people have natural rights to liberty, property and life and hence need to be asked for permission.

其次國王不能隨心所欲，因為人們有自由、財產和生命的自然權利，是以需要徵得他們的同意。

Third parents should avoid punishing their Children since the use of emotions to make them behave well, can make them sensationalist.

第三，父母應避免懲罰他們的孩子，因為用情緒來使他們表現良好，會使他們變得敏感。

Instead, they should allow their Children to be guided by thoughts.

相反，他們應該允許他們的孩子被思想所引導。

Locke's ideas on religion and democracy became the foundation of most liberal societies.

洛克關於宗教和民主的思想成為大多數自由主義社會的基礎。

His thoughts on education however, may have been even more influential.

然而，他關於教育的想法可能更有影響力。

Yeah, Lock understood that most people doubt new ideas without any other apparent reason than them being uncommon.

是的，洛克明白，大多數人懷疑新的想法，除了它們不常見之外，沒有任何其他明顯的理由。

However, teaching Children how to think rationally and all for themselves.

然而，教孩子們如何理性地思考，併為自己所有。

Works education is therefore the key to freeing society from political and psychological tyranny and his book.

是以，作品教育是將社會從政治和心理暴政中解放出來的關鍵，他的書。

Some thoughts concerning education became a parenting guide to that world.

關於教育的一些想法成為那個世界的育兒指南。

The book was originally written to help his friends raised their son Edward to become a virtuous adult.

這本書最初是為了幫助他的朋友們把他們的兒子愛德華培養成一個有德行的成年人而寫的。

The ultimate goal of education, Lock defined virtue is a combination of self denial and rationality because we need to control our desires to think clearly.

教育的最終目標，洛克定義的美德是自我否定和理性的結合，因為我們需要控制自己的慾望來清晰地思考。

He proposes four main ideas to help Edward.

他提出了四個主要觀點來幫助愛德華。

First newborn babies minds are like a blank slate.

初生嬰兒的頭腦就像一塊白板。

All knowledge comes from our perception, which then leaves imprints on that blank slate because a child is highly sensitive to new experiences.

所有的知識都來自於我們的感知，然後在那塊白板上留下印記，因為孩子對新的經驗高度敏感。

Even the smallest association of ideas can have lasting consequences.

即使是最微小的思想聯想也會產生持久的後果。

If you let a foolish made convince Edward the goblins come out at night.

如果你讓一個愚蠢的人說服了愛德華，妖精就會在晚上出來。

Darkness shall forever frightened the boy Lock warns second body and mind developed together, which is why Lock advises to nurture Edwards physical needs as much as his mental ones.

黑暗應永遠使男孩感到害怕，洛克警告說，第二種身體和心靈是一起發展的，這就是為什麼洛克建議要像培養愛德華茲的精神需求一樣培養他的身體需求。

He recommends a plain and simple diet such as dry bread and a small non alcoholic beer to make the boys strong, rich or spiced foods should be avoided as they are too tempting for the boys delicate mind mm hmm.

他建議採用普通和簡單的飲食，如干麵包和少量無酒精啤酒，以使男孩變得強壯，應避免食用豐富或帶香料的食物，因為它們對男孩脆弱的心靈來說太有誘惑力了，嗯。

To toughen the young body, abundant sleep on a hard bed is ideal, exposing Edward to harsh conditions such as cold baths, protects him from the common cold.

為了鍛鍊年輕的身體，在硬板床上大量睡覺是最理想的，讓愛德華暴露在嚴酷的條件下，如洗冷水澡，可以保護他免受普通感冒。

If Children find academic education exciting and can choose what they like for themselves.

如果孩子們覺得學術教育很刺激，可以自己選擇他們喜歡的東西。

They will then apply themselves to it industriously to learn.

然後，他們將勤奮地應用於此，進行學習。

This self directed approach to learning allows the parents to discover and nurture their child's natural talents, punishment should be avoided as it can break a child spirit and it teaches the wrong values to secure the best education.

這種自我指導的學習方法使父母能夠發現和培養孩子的自然天賦，應該避免懲罰，因為它可以打破孩子的精神，而且它教給孩子錯誤的價值觀，以確保最佳教育。

He urges the parents to hire a tutor rather than send Edward to school.

他敦促父母僱傭一個家庭教師，而不是把愛德華送到學校。

So parents should help their Children establish clear routines and aimed to become role models of rational thinking.

是以，父母應該幫助他們的孩子建立明確的常規，並旨在成為理性思考的榜樣。

This will help Edward to learn how to control his desires and think rationally to become virtuous.

這將幫助愛德華學會如何控制自己的慾望，並理性地思考，成為一個有德行的人。

Locke believed that good habits of thought prevail while rules which speak to the heart fail.

洛克認為，良好的思維習慣佔了上風，而那些直指人心的規則則會失敗。

However, habits are important, not only because they trump rules, but because rules consequently lead to rewards and punishments, sensations that arouse feelings instead of reason to become a free thinker.

然而，習慣是重要的，不僅因為它們勝過規則，而且因為規則隨之導致獎懲，引起感覺而不是理性，從而成為一個自由思考者。

A rationalist, A child shouldn't be driven by rules or incentives, but by esteem and fear of disgracing oneself Locks thoughts on education were published in 1694 and became an international bestseller.

一個理性主義者，一個孩子不應該被規則或激勵所驅使，而應該被自尊心和對自己蒙羞的恐懼所驅使。洛克的教育思想於1694年出版，成為一本國際暢銷書。

Along with Rousseau's Emile, his book became one of the most influential texts on educational theory and perhaps history's most important guide to parenting, john Locke once said that reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge.

與盧梭的《愛彌兒》一起，他的書成為教育理論中最有影響力的文本之一，也許是歷史上最重要的育兒指南。約翰-洛克曾說，閱讀只為頭腦提供知識材料。

It is thinking that makes what we read ours.

正是思考使我們讀到的東西成為我們的東西。

Since the same is true for videos, we recommend creating the habit of short thinking breaks after watching something afterwards, share your thoughts with others and in the same way.

由於視頻也是如此，我們建議在看完東西后養成短暫思考休息的習慣，與他人分享你的想法，並以同樣的方式。

Yours try that right now and tell us what you think of locks ideas.

你現在就試試，並告訴我們你對鎖的想法。

Videos are licensed under creative commons.

視頻是在創意共享的基礎上授權的。

That means teachers from all around the world can use them in classrooms online courses or to start projects and today thousands already do to learn how it works and download this video without ads or background music.

這意味著來自世界各地的教師可以在教室的在線課程中使用它們，或啟動項目，今天已經有成千上萬的人在做，瞭解它是如何工作的，下載這個沒有廣告或背景音樂的視頻。

Check out our website or read the description below.

請查看我們的網站或閱讀以下描述。

If you want to support our mission and help change education, visit our Patreon.

如果你想支持我們的使命，幫助改變教育，請訪問我們的Patreon。