Name: 穆罕默德-尤努斯用小額信貸攻克貧困問題。 (Muhammad Yunus Attacks Poverty with Microcredit)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:09:56.000Z
Duration: 2 min 1 s

MUHAMMAD YUNUS: Poverty is a kind of a darkness around you. You don’t see any hope, any

尤努斯:貧窮是一種圍繞在你身邊的黑暗，你看不到任何希望

ray of hope. You live every day the same way, in the darkness. You don’t have a future.

一絲希望也無，你每天都在黑暗中過著同樣的生活，你沒有任何未來

過去簡單式

NARRATOR: In the early 70s, a young Muhammad Yunus, then an economics professor, left the

在70年代早期，年輕的經濟學教授穆汗默德.尤努斯，離開了都市

city to do research in local villages like this one.

而到了像這樣的當地小村莊做研究

MUHAMMAD YUNUS: Here I am teaching elegant theories of economics in the classroom and

尤努斯:在這我教授優雅的經濟學理論

people are dying outside the classroom and we have nothing to do about it.

而人們在外頭死去我們卻無法幫助他們

NARRATOR: He found people making many beautiful products, yet they remained desperately poor.

他發現這裡的人製作漂亮的產品，卻仍然非常貧窮

To an economist, it didn’t make sense. Something was missing.

對經濟學家而言，這不合常理，這裡一定有問題

MUHAMMAD YUNUS: If you look around, who are the people really working? It’s the poor.

尤努斯: 如果你看看四周，是誰真正在工作? 是窮人

NARRATOR: Professor Yunus realized that the only way the villagers could buy supplies

尤努斯教授發現這些村民唯一能買到民生用品

to create small businesses was with high interest loans from unscrupulous moneylenders. There

去做小生意的方式是跟無良的高利貸借錢

MUHAMMAD YUNUS: And money lenders were imposing very terrible conditionalities on them, like

穆汗默德: 而那些高利貸會提出非常可怕的條件

you have to sell your product to me at the price that I decide, etc-- that kind of thing.

像是你必須以他們決定的價錢將產品賣給他們，諸如此類

NARRATOR: In one village, Muhammad Yunus found that he could provide life-changing loans

在這個村莊，尤努斯發現他能提供改變一生的借款

to forty-two people. They would cost a total of twenty-seven dollars-- an average of sixty-four

給42個人 總共花費為27元 平均每個人是64分

cents each. He personally made the loans.

MUHAMMAD YUNUS: And I was shocked! Here we talk about millions of dollars and billions

尤努斯:我非常震驚，我們都在談成億上兆的錢

of dollars in development assistance to help the economy grow and so on. We never paid

去建設一些設施來幫助經濟成長，我們卻從來沒有

any attention to people who needed such a small amount of money.

關注到這些只需要非常少錢的窮人

NARRATOR: That was the beginning of an idea that grew into the Grameen Bank, a bank for

這個想法最後變成了孟加拉鄉村銀行，一個專門給鄉村窮人的銀行

the rural poor. In the language of Bangladesh, Grameen means rural. It’s also the idea

在孟加拉語中，Grameen為鄉村之意，而這主意

for which Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006.

最後成為了尤努斯和鄉村銀行獲得2006諾貝爾和平獎的關鍵