future physician, there are 5 important decisions you'll need to make that will shape your experience,

未來的醫生，你需要做出5個重要的決定，這將塑造你的經驗。

future options, and even your happiness. Here's how to navigate them.

未來的選擇，甚至是你的幸福。下面是如何駕馭它們的方法。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com. If you search how to decide which medical

Jubbal醫生，MedSchoolInsiders.com。如果你搜索如何決定哪個醫學

school to attend, most blogs and forums like Reddit or SDN will tell you to just go to

學校就讀，大多數博客和論壇，如Reddit或SDN會告訴你，只要去

the cheapest medical school. They argue that any increased cost of attending a more expensive

最便宜的醫學院。他們認為，在更昂貴的醫學院就讀的任何增加的費用

school will surely not be worth the added loan burden, as the quality of education across

學校肯定不值得增加貸款負擔，因為各地的教育品質

medical schools, at least in the United States, is more or less the same.

至少在美國，醫學院的情況大致相同。

The issue with this oversimplification is that it completely removes important and valid

這種過度簡化的問題是，它完全刪除了重要和有效的

nuance from the discussion. On average, higher ranked and larger institutions

討論中的細微差別。平均而言，排名較高和較大的機構

will open up more doors to you professionally than lower ranked and smaller institutions.

與排名較低和規模較小的機構相比，將為你打開更多的職業大門。

For example, say you want to pursue neurosurgery for residency. Unfortunately for you, neurosurgery

例如，假設你想攻讀神經外科的住院醫生。對你來說，不幸的是，神經外科

is one of the top 5 most competitive specialties, and if your school doesn't have a neurosurgery

是競爭最激烈的前5個專業之一，如果你的學校沒有神經外科專業，那麼你的學校就會有神經外科專業。

residency program, then you'll be at a substantial disadvantage for multiple reasons.

如果你沒有參加住院醫師項目，那麼由於多種原因，你將處於相當不利的地位。

Without a neurosurgery program, your exposure to the field will be limited, as will your

如果沒有神經外科的課程，你對該領域的接觸將是有限的，你的工作也將受到限制。

ability to secure letters of recommendation and neurosurgeon mentors who can bat for you

能夠獲得推薦信和能夠為你辯護的神經外科醫生導師。

when it's residency application time. For smaller specialties like neurosurgery, ENT,

到了申請住院醫師資格的時候。對於較小的專業，如神經外科、耳鼻喉科。

plastic surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, and many others, who you know and who is willing

整形外科、心胸外科和其他許多外科醫生，你認識誰，誰願意做？

to vouch for you is massively important in your residency match outcome. Additionally,

為你做擔保對你的住院醫師匹配結果非常重要。此外。

these smaller specialties have fewer residency programs across the nation, primarily academic

這些較小的專業在全國範圍內有較少的住院醫師項目，主要是學術性的。

in nature rather than community. And some academic institutions, particularly old school

在性質上，而不是社區。而一些學術機構，特別是老牌的

elite programs, tend to care more about your "pedigree", which is a silly way of saying

精英項目，往往更關心你的 "血統"，這是個愚蠢的說法。

they care about how elite and impressive your medical school is. After all, they want to

他們關心的是你的醫學院是多麼的精英和令人印象深刻。畢竟，他們希望

maintain their elite and superior aura, which is silly, but is a reality of the situation.

保持他們的精英和優越的光環，這很傻，但卻是現實的情況。

The other important consideration in choosing a medical school to attend is the location.

選擇醫學院就讀的另一個重要考慮因素是地點。

Where you attend medical school is often in the same region in which you'll attend residency,

你上醫學院的地方往往與你上住院醫生的地方在同一地區。

which is often in the same location you'll practice as an attending physician. This is

這通常是在你作為主治醫生的同一地點。這就是

of course not a hard and fast rule, as there are many exceptions, but it is a strong trend.

當然，這不是一個硬性規定，因為有許多例外，但這是一個強有力的趨勢。

For this reason, I urge students to choose a school in a location where they will be

出於這個原因，我敦促學生在選擇學校的時候，要選擇一個他們會在那裡的地方

happy. I prioritized UC San Diego over some other top 5 medical school acceptances because

很高興。在其他一些排名前五的醫學院的錄取中，我優先考慮了加州大學聖地亞哥分校，因為

I love San Diego and it is a phenomenal program. Even after doing my medical training there

我愛聖地亞哥，它是一個驚人的項目。即使我在那裡接受了醫學培訓後

and having associated stressful memories or challenging times, it's still a magical place

並有相關的壓力記憶或挑戰時期，它仍然是一個神奇的地方。

I love to visit. If you'd like to be a physician in the US,

我喜歡訪問。如果你想在美國成為一名醫生。

it's much easier to do so if you attend medical school in the US. While Caribbean and other

如果你在美國的醫學院就讀，就會更容易做到這一點。雖然加勒比海和其他

international options are much much much easier to gain admission into, they also make it

國際選項更容易獲得錄取，它們也使其成為

far more difficult to match successfully into a desirable residency program. You can find

要成功地匹配到一個理想的住院醫師項目要難得多。你可以找到

all my thoughts on Caribbean medical schools on my Caribbean medical school playlist.

我對加勒比海醫學院的所有想法都在我的加勒比海醫學院播放列表中。

The next decision relates to who you associate with most. Just ask around or even view the

下一個決定涉及到你與誰交往最多。只要問問周圍的人，甚至查看

comments to my videos, and you'll see that the medical school experience can vary greatly

對我的視頻進行評論，你會發現醫學院的經驗可以有很大的不同

for different people. From my perspective, medical school is a grind,

對於不同的人。在我看來，醫學院是一種磨練。

requiring immense dedication. Someone else may have a very valid opinion on the other

需要巨大的奉獻精神。其他人可能對其他方面有非常合理的意見。

end of the spectrum, stating their medical school experience was more relaxed than college,

他們說，他們的醫學院經歷比大學更輕鬆。

and they had plenty of time for relaxing, working out, and spending time with friends.

他們有足夠的時間來放鬆，鍛鍊身體，並與朋友共度時光。

If both could be true, why is there such a discrepancy?

如果兩者都可能是真的，為什麼會有這樣的差異？

It comes down to your medical school and residency goals, which shapes how you need to allocate

這要看你的醫學院和住院醫生的目標，這決定了你需要如何分配資源。

your time and energy. If you want to either attend a top tier institution

你的時間和精力。如果你想進入一個頂級的機構

for residency or hopefully match into one of the hypercompetitive fields of dermatology

擔任住院醫師或希望進入競爭激烈的皮膚病學領域之一。

or plastic surgery, then you'll have to work much harder than if you are happy matching

或整形手術，那麼你將不得不比你滿意的匹配更努力地工作。

to a community program in family medicine. One isn't better than the other, but one will

到一個社區的家庭醫學項目。一個不比另一個好，但一個會

require far more dedication and work ethic. By aiming to score at the top of your class

需要更多的奉獻精神和工作熱情。通過爭取在班級中取得頂尖成績

or hit the 260's for USMLE, your approach and experience of medical school will be in

或在USMLE考試中達到260分，你在醫學院的學習方法和經驗將在

stark contrast to your classmate who is content simply passing class exams while scoring 220

與你的同學形成鮮明對比的是，他僅僅滿足於通過課堂考試，同時獲得220分的成績。

on USMLE. While your goals should ultimately be set

對USMLE。雖然你的目標最終應該被設定為

by you, it's shocking how much our behaviors and routines are influenced by others. If

由你，我們的行為和常規受到他人的影響有多大，令人震驚。如果

your friends say you study too much and should relax more, you'll probably find yourself

你的朋友說你學習太多，應該多放鬆，你可能會發現自己

studying less than if you were surrounded by friends with similar goals.

比起你身邊有類似目標的朋友，學習的效果要差。

Relationships are a mixed bag, and I'm not for or against them during medical school.

戀愛是一個複雜的問題，在醫學院期間，我不贊成或反對戀愛。

I was in a relationship and it was a good experience and I grew a lot from it, but keep

我有過一段感情，那是一段很好的經歷，我從中成長了很多，但要保持

in mind relationships can be a distraction and add complication to your life if they're

牢記關係可以分散注意力，並使你的生活更加複雜，如果它們是

unhealthy. If you're dating another medical student,

不健康的。如果你和另一個醫學生約會。

you'll both understand each other's professional demands, but if your partner isn't in healthcare,

你們都會理解對方的職業要求，但如果你的伴侶不在醫療保健領域。

it's highly likely there will be some tension over your lack of time. There are many other

很可能會因為你沒有時間而出現一些緊張。有許多其他

considerations to dating in medical school that I cover on my dating playlist.

在醫學院裡約會的考慮因素，我在我的約會播放列表裡有介紹。

Your specialty choice is arguably the most important decision you'll make in your medical

你的專業選擇可以說是你在醫學上做出的最重要的決定。

training. After all, this single decision will dictate your future career as a physician,

培訓。畢竟，這個單一的決定將決定你未來的醫生生涯。

including your work-life balance, compensation, risk of burnout, and day to day reality as

包括你的工作與生活的平衡，報酬，倦怠的風險，以及每天的現實，因為

a medical professional. If you're not sure where to start, the easiest

一個醫療專家。如果你不確定從哪裡開始，最簡單的是

place is to first decide whether you want to be surgical or non-surgical, since the

首先要決定你是想做手術還是不做手術，因為

two are so different. If you're stuck between one surgical and one non-surgical field, it's

兩者是如此不同。如果你在一個手術和一個非手術領域之間徘徊，那就是

likely because you haven't gotten enough exposure to each. And as many surgeons will tell you,

可能是因為你沒有足夠的機會接觸到每個人。而且正如許多外科醫生會告訴你的那樣。

only do surgery if you can't imagine yourself doing anything else – reason being it's

只有在你無法想象自己做其他事情時才做手術--原因是它是

extremely demanding. After that, it's common to focus on things

要求極高。在這之後，人們普遍關注的事情是

like work-life balance, bread and butter, and the patient population. But don't forget

如工作與生活的平衡，麵包和黃油，以及病人群體。但不要忘記

often overlooked considerations, such as the long term viability of the specialty. After

往往被忽視的考慮，如專業的長期生存能力。之後

all, you'll likely be practicing for at least a few decades. Some questions to ponder include

所有這些，你可能至少要練上幾十年的時間。一些需要思考的問題包括

whether or not there is a high likelihood that the demand for that type of specialist

對該類型專家的需求是否有很大的可能性？

will decrease in the future based on new technologies. Are dynamics changing due to midlevel scope

在新技術的基礎上，未來會減少。動力是否因中層範圍而改變

creep, thus reducing the need for physicians in that specialty? Is it already saturated

匍匐前進，從而減少對該專業醫生的需求？它是否已經飽和了？

and is the job market highly competitive? These are concerns very much impacting several

以及就業市場是否競爭激烈？這些問題在很大程度上影響著一些人

specialties today. Your specialty decision will also determine

今天的專業。你的專業決定也將決定

how hardcore you need to be in medical school, which ties in with the previous point. If

你需要在醫學院裡有多大的硬實力，這與前面的觀點相聯繫。如果

you want to become a plastic surgeon or orthopedic surgeon, your experience of medical school

你想成為一名整形外科醫生或骨科醫生，你在醫學院的經歷

will be completely different than if you were trying to match into anesthesiology or family

這與你想進入麻醉學或家庭醫學領域的情況完全不同。

medicine or emergency medicine. Everyone needs a mentor to most effectively

醫學或急救醫學。每個人都需要一個導師來最有效地

navigate through the gauntlet that is medical school. Mentors will shape your approach to

在醫學院這個大舞臺上，你會遇到很多困難。導師將塑造你的方法，以

medical school and your future career as a physician. They'll tell you what to prioritize,

醫學學校和你未來的醫生職業。他們會告訴你應該優先考慮什麼。

and what not to waste time on. They'll offer useful guidance, and if you have a few different

以及什麼不應該浪費時間。他們會提供有用的指導，如果你有幾個不同的

mentors, great, as they can provide various perspectives, allowing you to make well informed

導師，很好，因為他們可以提供各種觀點，使你能夠做出明智的決定。

decisions. Ideally, you want that mentor to be in your

決定。理想情況下，你希望這個導師是在你的

intended specialty, but it doesn't always have to be the case. One of my mentors was

意的專業，但不一定非得如此。我的一位導師是

in internal medicine and I found tremendous value in that relationship, even though I

我發現這種關係有巨大的價值，儘管我是一個內科醫生。

went into plastic surgery. I simply had additional mentors within plastic surgery who could speak

進入整形外科。我只是在整形外科內有更多的導師，他們能說會道。

to the specifics of the field. There's no single way to find a mentor, but

對該領域的具體情況。尋找導師的方法並不單一，但是

it generally requires a bit of work and a bit of luck. For many, their research principal

這通常需要一點工作和一點運氣。對許多人來說，他們的研究主要

investigators become mentors. Or perhaps it's the clinical preceptor that you rotate with.

調查員成為導師。或者也許是與你輪換的臨床指導員。

Maybe you've befriended some upperclassmen who can offer guidance in navigating your

也許你已經結識了一些高年級學生，他們可以為你提供指導。

specific medical school, rotations, and hospitals. In extracurriculars, like Free Clinic, you

具體的醫學院、輪訓和醫院。在課外活動中，如免費診所，你

may take a particular liking to one of the doctors there and begin a mentor-mentee relationship.

可能會對那裡的一位醫生產生特別的好感，並開始建立導師-學員關係。

There's no right or wrong, but always respect your mentor's time, maintain integrity, and

沒有正確或錯誤，但一定要尊重你的導師的時間，保持誠信，並且

keep your word. Finally, be careful with regards to the inputs

遵守你的承諾。最後，對投入要謹慎

and resources you choose in medical school. If you're constantly reading SDN, a place

和你在醫學院選擇的資源。如果你不斷地閱讀SDN，一個地方

riddled with neuroses and anxieties, then don't be surprised if you find neurotic and

充滿了神經質和焦慮，那麼如果你發現神經質和焦慮，不要感到驚訝。

anxious tendencies in yourself. If you frequent political news sources, which tend to be biased

自己身上有焦慮的傾向。如果你經常接觸政治新聞來源，而這些來源往往是有偏見的

one way or the other, you'll likely find yourself more angry, self-righteous, and intolerant

無論哪種方式，你都可能發現自己更加憤怒、自以為是和不寬容。

of opposing viewpoints. Based on where you are in life, there are

的對立觀點。基於你在生活中的位置，有

certain resources and inputs you want to prioritize and invest in. Back in residency, I remember

你想優先考慮和投資的某些資源和投入。早在住院期間，我記得

deciding between buying the new iPhone to replace my aging one, or enrolling in a similarly

決定是購買新的iPhone來取代我的老舊手機，還是參加一個類似的 "新的 "項目。

priced course. I ultimately chose the course, and I'm glad I did, as it taught me many important

價的課程。我最終選擇了這門課程，我很高興我這樣做了，因為它教會了我許多重要的東西。

life lessons and introduced me to life long friends. Even as a premed and medical student,

我的人生課程，並向我介紹了終身的朋友。即使是作為一個醫學預科生和醫科生。

I was much more willing to pinch pennies in most domains of my life, such as tech, going

我更願意在我生活的大多數領域裡精打細算，比如技術、去哪裡？

out, traveling, and even food, as long as it wasn't junk food. But I always prioritized

外出，旅行，甚至食物，只要不是垃圾食品。但我總是優先考慮

my professional life and academic success, and that paid off in big ways.

我的職業生活和學業成功，這在很大程度上得到了回報。

When someone tells you they don't have time to exercise, it's actually that they don't

當有人告訴你他們沒有時間鍛鍊時，實際上是他們沒有

prioritize it over other activities in their life. Oftentimes when someone says they cannot

在他們的生活中，把它放在優先於其他活動的位置。很多時候，當有人說他們不能

afford to eat healthy or buy a study tool, it's again simply a matter of prioritization.

負擔得起健康飲食或購買學習工具，這又是一個簡單的優先次序問題。

As a premed, you shouldn't take your MCAT prep lightly, and you should invest your time,

作為醫學預科生，你不應該對MCAT考試的準備工作掉以輕心，你應該投資你的時間。

energy, and money in the resources that have the greatest odds of helping you achieve your

在幫助你實現你的目標的最大機率的資源中投入精力和金錢。

MCAT score goals. In July of 2021 as I record this video, I would point you to these three

MCAT分數目標。2021年7月，當我錄製這段視頻時，我會向你指出這三個

resources: AAMC official practice materials, UWorld for practice questions, and Memm for

資源。AAMC官方練習材料，UWorld的練習題，以及Memm的練習題。

content review and memorization. When applying to medical school, you similarly

內容複習和背誦。在申請醫學院時，你同樣要

want help from trusted experts who can elevate your application, help you get into your dream

希望得到值得信賴的專家的幫助，他們可以提升你的申請，幫助你進入你的夢想。

school, and even make it possible to earn merit based scholarships to reduce your loan

學校，甚至有可能獲得基於成績的獎學金，以減少你的貸款。

burden. That alone saved me six figures in student loans. As you look at resources and

負擔。僅此一項就為我節省了六位數的學生貸款。當你看到資源和

companies to work with, seek out those who are actual MD physicians, not PhD or other

與公司合作，尋找那些真正的醫學博士醫生，而不是博士或其他類型的醫生。

types of doctors that didn't go to medical school. Look for those who have achieved stellar

沒有上過醫學院的醫生類型。尋找那些已經取得優異成績的人

results themselves, a track record of success with positive ratings from customers, and

結果本身，一個成功的記錄，客戶的積極評價，和

a systematic approach so you know you'll always receive high quality service. If you decide

一個系統的方法，所以你知道你將永遠得到高質量的服務。如果你決定

on Med School Insiders, we'd love to be a part of your journey in becoming a future

我們很樂意成為你成為未來醫學專家旅程的一部分。

physician. Visit us on MedSchoolInsiders.com. If you haven't already, check out our blog

醫生。請訪問我們的MedSchoolInsiders.com。如果你還沒有，請查看我們的博客

on MedSchoolInsiders.com that covers medical school application and study strategies in

在MedSchoolInsiders.com網站上，涵蓋了醫學院的申請和學習策略。

greater depth. Or learn more with one of these two videos. Much love, and I'll see you guys

更加深入。或者通過這兩個視頻中的一個瞭解更多。深愛你們，再見

there.

在那裡。