I'm Neil. Joining me today is Tom. Hi there, Tom.

我是尼爾。今天和我一起的是湯姆。你好，湯姆。

Hello Neil and hello to our audience.

尼爾你好，也向我們的觀眾問好。

Good news for Italy; bad news for England. Italy have won Euro 2020.

意大利的好消息；英格蘭的壞消息。意大利已經贏得了2020年歐洲盃。

If you want to test yourself on the vocabulary you hear in this

如果你想測試一下自己在這本書中聽到的詞彙

programme, there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.

方案，在我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com上有一個小測驗。

Now, let's hear some more about the story from this BBC News report:

現在，讓我們從這份BBC新聞報道中聽到更多關於這個故事的內容。

So, Euro 2020 has finished.

是以，2020年歐洲盃已經結束。

Sunday evening was the final, the final match here in London.

週日晚上是決賽，在倫敦這裡的最後一場比賽。

Italy won – congratulations to Italy – and England lost on penalties.

意大利贏了--祝賀意大利--而英格蘭在點球大戰中輸了。

That's the end of the story, Neil, unfortunately.

這就是故事的結局，尼爾，很遺憾。

Yes... yeah. Difficult one for us isn't it, Tom?

是的......是的。對我們來說很困難，不是嗎，湯姆？

But congratulations to Italy. You've been looking around the

但要祝賀意大利。你一直在四處尋找

various news websites at this story and what have you got?

各種新聞網站上的這個故事，你有什麼發現？

I have: 'erupts', 'shoulders blame' and 'broke into'.

我有。爆發'、'肩負責任'和'闖入'。

'Erupts', 'shoulders blame' and 'broke into'.

'爆發'、'肩負責任'和'闖入'。

Let's have a look then at your first headline.

那麼讓我們看看你的第一個標題。

My first headline, Neil, is from Reuters – it says:

我的第一個標題，尼爾，來自路透社--它說。

'Erupts' – expresses something suddenly and with force.

'爆發'--表達了某種突然而有力的東西。

Now Tom, 'erupt' – that's got something to do with a volcano,

現在，湯姆，"爆發"--那是與火山有關的東西。

hasn't it? Is that what we're talking about – volcanoes?

沒有嗎？這就是我們所討論的--火山嗎？

It does, yeah. If you think about what the volcano does:

它確實如此，是的。如果你考慮一下火山的作用。

it explodes and the lava comes out.

它爆炸了，熔岩出來了。

The verb that we would use for this is 'erupt'. It's very dramatic.

我們對此使用的動詞是 "爆發"。這很有戲劇性。

Yeah. So, why are we talking about a football match and this word?

是的。那麼，我們為什麼要談論一場足球比賽和這個詞呢？

I think it's... it's very dramatic, the imagery,

我認為這是......這是非常戲劇性的，想象力。

when we use 'erupt' like this in a figurative way.

當我們像這樣以比喻的方式使用'爆發'時。

If you think of a volcano and everything goes bang!

如果你想到一座火山，一切都會砰然倒塌!

It happens very quickly and it's very intense.

它發生得非常快，而且非常激烈。

I imagine when Italy scored their final penalty last night

我想，當意大利昨晚打進最後一個點球的時候

that a lot of celebrations 'erupted' in the country.

慶祝活動在該國 "爆發 "了。

They came suddenly and quickly, and they were very strong and dramatic.

它們來得突然而迅速，而且非常強烈和戲劇化。

Yeah. Now what words do we use around this word 'erupt'?

是的。現在我們圍繞這個詞 "爆發 "使用什麼詞？

So, we would actually normally use this with a preposition 'in'

所以，實際上我們通常會用介詞 "在 "來使用這個詞

or 'into', like 'in' is in the headline. If we say, 'The Italians erupted,'

或'進入'，就像標題中的'在'。如果我們說，'意大利人爆發了'，那麼

it's not very specific – could actually mean they exploded.

它不是很具體--實際上可能意味著它們爆炸了。

So, if you 'erupt in' celebration or 'erupt into' celebration,

所以，如果你'爆發'了慶祝，或者'爆發'了慶祝。

it tells you the state that you enter quickly.

它告訴你，你快速進入的狀態。

Yeah. And as you've already said, it's dramatic

是的。而且正如你已經說過的，它是戲劇性的

and we use this to talk about extreme emotions, don't we?

而我們用這個來談論極端的情緒，不是嗎？

So, joy but also the negative side of things – violence.

所以，快樂，但也有事物的消極面--暴力。

Yeah. Yeah, precisely. It can have a negative use as well.

是的。是的，正是如此。它也可以有負面的用途。

It's very common to see the expression 'erupt into violence'.

看到 "爆發暴力 "的說法很常見。

So, if you think about violence that happens very quickly and is

是以，如果你認為暴力發生得非常快，而且是

intense and dramatic, we would also use this expression 'erupt'.

激烈和戲劇性，我們也會使用這個表達方式'爆發'。

Yeah. And we've been looking at it here as a verb,

是的。而我們在這裡一直把它作為一個動詞來看待。

but it also exists as a noun: 'eruption'.

但它也作為一個名詞存在："爆發"。

Yeah. 'Eruption' – E-R-U-P-T-I-O-N – is the noun form.

是的。"Eruption" - E-R-U-P-T-I-O-N - 是名詞形式。

OK. Let's get a summary:

好的。讓我們來做個總結。

Well, things change quickly in football, don't they?

嗯，足球界的事情變化很快，不是嗎？

It seems like only a couple of years ago, we were talking about the

似乎就在幾年前，我們還在談論

fact that Italy hadn't qualified for the 2018 World Cup and now

事實上，意大利沒有獲得2018年世界盃的資格，而現在

they're European champions. Where can our viewers find that story?

他們是歐洲冠軍。我們的觀眾在哪裡可以找到這個故事？

They can find it by clicking the link in the description of the video.

他們可以通過點擊視頻描述中的鏈接找到它。

OK. Let's have a look at your next headline.

好的。讓我們看一下你的下一個標題。

Sure. My next headline, Neil, is from here in the UK.

當然，我的下一個頭條新聞，尼爾，來自英國這裡。

It's from the Independent – it says:  

它來自《獨立報》--它說。

And that language is 'shoulders blame'.

而這種語言是'肩負責任'。

'shoulders blame' – accepts responsibility.

肩負責任"--接受責任。

'Shoulders blame'. 'Shoulders blame' is a fixed expression –

'肩負責任'。肩負責任 "是一個固定的表達方式------。

means accept responsibility. 'Blame' is negative responsibility.

指接受責任。責備 "是消極的責任。

So, the headline is saying that Gareth Southgate,

所以，標題是說，加雷斯-索斯蓋特。

the manager of England, accepts the 'blame': he 'shoulders'

英格蘭的經理，接受了 "責備"：他 "肩負 "著

or takes the negative responsibility for the defeat of his country's team.

或對其國家隊的失敗承擔負面責任。

Yeah. Now, I know what a 'shoulder' is.

是的。現在，我知道什麼是 "肩膀 "了。

That's this thing here – it's part of the body.

這就是這裡的東西--它是身體的一部分。

So, why are we talking about a part of the body and this 'blame'.

那麼，我們為什麼要談論身體的一部分和這種 "責備"。

We did a News Review recently, Neil, about a word 'burden'

我們最近做了一個新聞評論，尼爾，關於一個詞'負擔'的問題

and 'burden' is kind of, like, a heavy negative responsibility.

而 "負擔 "是一種，比如，沉重的負面責任。

And if you 'shoulder a burden', it means that you carry it.

而如果你'肩負重任'，就意味著你揹負著它。

You kind of carry it and it weighs heavily around your 'shoulders'.

你有點帶著它，它重重地壓在你的 "肩上"。

So, you've got this sort of... the imagery

所以，你有這種......的想象力

makes it as if you've got a weight around you

使得你好像有一個重量在你身邊

that's uncomfortable, you know.

這是不舒服的，你知道。

Yeah. It's a kind of figurative weight.

是的，這是一種具象的重量。

You know, if you ever go backpacking or something,

你知道，如果你曾經去揹包旅行或什麼。

you carry the rucksack on your 'shoulders' and there's a weight.

你把揹包背在你的 "肩膀 "上，有一個重量。

This is a figurative weight: the weight of 'blame'.

這是一個比喻性的重量："責備 "的重量。

It is and actually we have another expression in English, Neil,

是的，實際上我們在英語中有另一種表達，尼爾。

which is if... you know, if you feel relief, if you lose responsibility,

這就是如果......你知道，如果你感到解脫，如果你失去責任。

you can say, 'That's a weight off my shoulders.' So,

你可以說，'這是我肩上的一個重擔'。所以。

you don't have to carry it any more, yeah.

你不必再攜帶它了，是的。

So, 'shoulders the blame' is accepts or carries responsibility

是以，"肩負起責任 "是接受或承擔起責任。

We can use 'shoulder' also as a verb in another sense.

我們也可以在另一種意義上將 "肩 "作為動詞使用。

We can. This is a bit more literal – a bit more, kind of,

我們可以。這有點像字面意思--有點像，有點像。

practical if you will. Imagine if someone...

如果你願意的話，很實際。想象一下，如果有人...

if you go shopping and someone bangs into you with the shoulder – bang!

如果你去逛街，有人用肩膀撞你--砰!

And they push you out of the way – they 'shoulder you' or they 'shoulder

他們把你推開--他們 "扛著你"，或者他們 "扛著"。

into you'. If you push someone with your shoulder, you 'shoulder' them.

進入你'。如果你用肩膀推人，你就'肩膀'。

OK. Let's get a summary:

好的。讓我們來做個總結。

So, we've been talking about the use of 'shoulder' and we mentioned a

所以，我們一直在談論 "肩 "的使用，我們提到了一個

previous News Review about overwork. Where can our viewers find that, Tom?

之前的新聞評論關於過勞死。我們的觀眾在哪裡可以找到這些，湯姆？

Same as ever, Neil: please go in the video description and click the link.

與以往一樣，尼爾：請到視頻描述中點擊鏈接。

OK. Let's have our next headline please.

好的。請給我們下一個頭條新聞。

Our next headline is from at home, the BBC – it says:

我們的下一個標題來自國內，BBC--它說。

'Broke into' – entered without permission.

闖入'--未經許可進入。

'Broke into' – the phrasal verb.

'闖入'--短語動詞。

The phrasal verb in the present is 'break into'.

現在的短語動詞是 "闖入"。

And if you 'break into' somewhere, you enter without permission.

而如果你'闖入'某個地方，你就未經許可進入。

The headline uses 'broke' because it's in the past;

標題使用'打破'，因為它是在過去。

the final has finished. The headline is referring to

決賽已經結束。該標題指的是

some England fans who entered Wembley Arena illegally.

一些非法進入溫布利競技場的英格蘭球迷。

They didn't have a ticket. They didn't have permission to be there.

他們沒有票。他們沒有被允許去那裡。

So, we use this phrasal verb 'break into'.

是以，我們使用這個短語動詞'闖入'。

Yeah. And it starts with the word 'break'.

是的。它以 "休息 "一詞開始。

Are they actually 'breaking' something?

他們實際上是在 "破壞 "什麼嗎？

Is it helpful to think in those terms?

從這些方面考慮是否有幫助？

Hmmm... kind of.

嗯......算是吧。

We often use 'break into' with crime, especially kind of stealing or

我們經常用 "闖入 "來形容犯罪，特別是那種偷竊或盜竊行為。

thievery, and if you think... if you enter someone's house without

盜賊，如果你認為......如果你進入別人的房子而沒有

permission, you might 'break' the window to get into the house.

允許，你可能會'打破'窗戶，進入房子。

So, you would often see it in a context of crime.

是以，你會經常在犯罪的背景下看到它。

Yeah – also exists as a noun:

是的--也作為一個名詞存在。

we can describe when someone 'breaks into' a property

我們可以描述當有人 "闖入 "一個財產時

as 'a break-in'.

作為'闖入'。

A 'break-in', yeah. Spelt the same: a 'break-in' is an act

闖入"，是的。拼寫相同："闖入 "是一種行為

or an instance of entering someone's property without permission,

或未經許可進入別人的財產的事例。

probably to steal things.

可能是為了偷東西。

Yeah. Be careful though:

是的。不過要小心。

the verb is 'break into', but the noun is 'break-in' without 'into'.

動詞是 "闖入"，但名詞是 "闖入"，沒有 "進入"。

Yeah, and we have other meanings as well that we can use 'break

是的，我們也有其他的含義，我們可以使用'打破'。

into' for, kind of similar to 'eruption' that we were talking

成'，有點類似於我們所說的'噴發'。

about at the start, actually. So, we could say that last

關於在開始的時候，實際上。是以，我們可以說，最後

night the Italian supporters 'broke into celebration'.

晚上，意大利的支持者們 "爆發了慶祝"。

It means they started to celebrate very quickly. It happened like that.

這意味著他們很快就開始了慶祝。事情就這樣發生了。

Yeah and people can 'break into song' as well. They... if people are in a

是的，人們也可以 "破歌而出"。他們......如果人們是在一個

good mood or something at a party, they might 'break into song'.

在聚會上，如果心情好或有什麼事，他們可能會 "破歌而出"。

I'm sure there were a lot of Italians in Rome and all round Italy

我相信在羅馬和整個意大利都有很多意大利人。

'breaking into song' last night when they won the football, Neil.

昨晚他們贏得足球時 "破歌而出"，尼爾。

Yes. Whereas here, there was total and utter silence.

是的。而在這裡，則是完全的、徹底的沉默。

Yeah. I went to bed straight afterwards actually.

是的，實際上我之後就直接睡覺了。

OK. Let's get a summary:

好的。讓我們來做個總結。

OK. Tom, time now just to recap the vocabulary please.

好的。湯姆，現在請你回顧一下詞彙。

Of course. Today's vocabulary:  

當然了。今天的詞彙。

we have 'erupts' – expresses something suddenly and with force.

'Shoulders blame' – accepts responsibility.

肩負責任"--接受責任。

And 'broke into' – entered without permission.

而'闖入'--未經許可進入。

If you want to test yourself on the vocabulary,

如果你想測試一下自己的詞彙量。

there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.

我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com上有一個測驗。

And you can find us all over social media.

你可以在社交媒體上找到我們。

Thanks for joining us and goodbye.

謝謝你加入我們，再見。

Bye!

再見！