gosh, with all those sanctions on Iran and North Korea,

天啊，伊朗和北韓 都有這麼多項東西被制裁了

how do they keep developing their nuclear programs?!

他們是怎麼繼續 發展核武的？

Hi, welcome to China Uncensored,

歡迎收看《中國解密》

I'm your host Chris Chappell.

我是主持人 Chris Chappell

You know international law is a funny thing.

你知道嗎，國際法是件很有趣的事

Why, I can hardly stop laughing.

真的讓我笑個不停

There is no world government, officially,

正式來說，世界政府並不存在

so how do you get countries of the world

那在沒辦法強制執行 任何事情的情況下

to work together when there's really

要如何讓世界各國

no way to enforce anything?

一起合作？

Take for instance American trade sanctions

就拿美國對伊朗和北韓的

on Iran and North Korea.

貿易制裁來說吧

The European Union and a number of democratic countries

歐盟和一些民主國家

have also had similar sanctions.

也有類似的制裁制度

The idea is,

這個概念是

if you restrict trading with these rogue regimes,

如果你限制和這些流氓政權交易

it'll hopefully stop them from developing nuclear weapons,

那麼便有可能 阻止他們發展核武

and generally being horrible to their own citizens.

通常也能阻止他們 糟蹋自己的國民

Think of it like some sort of

把這想像成是一種

“no school lunch for bullies” policy.

「校園惡霸沒午餐吃」的政策

But the Chinese regime doesn't mind

但中國政權並不介意

swapping sandwiches with Iran and North Korea.

與伊朗和北韓交換三明治吃

In fact, China is the biggest trading partner

事實上，中國是這兩個國家

for both of those countries.

最主要的貿易夥伴

This makes the rest of the world's sanctions

這使得世界其他國家的制裁

way less effective.

效果不彰

Both the Obama and Trump administrations

歐巴馬和川普政府都

have been repeatedly frustrated by

多次感到無奈

their inability to force China's hand in

無力迫使中國

cracking down on these countries.

制裁這些國家

So what can the US do?

那麼美國該怎麼做呢？

Well, the Chinese company ZTE found out.

這個嘛，中國公司中興通訊 (ZTE) 嘗到了苦頭

Never heard of ZTE?

你沒聽過ZTE？

This is one of their recent TV ads.

這是他們最近的一支電視廣告

As you could tell from that commercial,

從廣告中可以得知

ZTE sells skateboards.

ZTE販售滑板

No, they actually sell cheap smartphones,

不，他們其實是在賣 便宜的智慧型手機

like the Blade V7 Lite.

例如 Blade V7 Lite

Apparently, ZTE is the number 4 smartphone vendor

聽說ZTE是美國 第四大智慧型手機

in the US.

品牌

But smartphones are only a small part of their business.

但智慧型手機只是 該公司業務的一小部分

ZTE is also one of the world's biggest makers

ZTE也是全球最大的

of telecommunications equipment.

電信設備製造商之一

But while these kids were doing sick tricks on skateboards,

但是當這些孩子們 在滑板上耍花招時

ZTE was doing some extremely illegal tricks

ZTE也背著美國政府

behind the US government's back.

在耍些極度非法的花招

And eventually, they got caught.

最後，他們被抓到了

An unprecedented US fine for sanctions busting.

美國針對違反制裁判了 史無前例的鉅額罰款

The Chinese telecoms equipment giant ZTE

中國電信設備龍頭ZTE

agreeing to pay more than a billion dollars in penalties

同意支付超過 十億美元的罰款

and plead guilty to illegally shipping U.S.-made technology

並且承認非法向 伊朗和北韓運送

to Iran and North Korea.

美國技術

ZTE is a Chinese company,

ZTE是一家中國公司

so you might think it wouldn't be bound by the US's sanctions.

所以你可能以為 它不受美國制裁的約束

But 25 to 30% of ZTE's components

但是ZTE有25-30％的元件都

come from US suppliers.

來自美國供應商

So when ZTE is shipping US-manufactured components

因此根據美國法律

to Iran and North Korea,

ZTE將美製產品運往

that's illegal according to US law.

伊朗和北韓是違法的

And since ZTE has a subsidiary company in the US,

而且ZTE在美國 設有子公司

that gives the US government a legal hook

這正好給美國政府一個合法的門徑

to go after them.

來緝查他們

With this action,

透過這項行動 [美國商務部長　威爾伯·羅斯]

we are putting the world on notice:

我們向世界宣告：

Improper trade games are over with.

「不正當的貿易遊戲已玩完了

Those who flout our economic sanctions,

那些公然藐視我們的經濟制裁

export control laws and any other trade regimes

出口管制法律和其他貿易體系者

will not go unpunished.

必將受到懲罰

They will suffer the harshest of consequences.

他們將承受最嚴重的後果」

Yeah, you lousy skateboarding teenagers!

對啦，你們這些可惡的滑板少年！

The US began investigating ZTE five years ago,

自從2012年路透社的這篇報導之後 [中國公司幫助伊朗監控公民]

after this 2012 report from Reuters.

美國五年前開始調查ZTE

ZTE sold Iran,

ZTE出售給伊朗

“a powerful surveillance system capable of monitoring landline,

「能夠監控室內電話、手機和

mobile and internet communications”.

網路通訊的強大監控系統」

It was worth millions of dollars.

價值數百萬美元

Their selling point?

他們的賣點是什麼？

It wasn't Made in China,

這不是中國製造的

but in the good old US of A.

而是由美國出品的

Through the course of the investigation,

在調查的過程中發現

ZTE directly or indirectly shipped about

ZTE直接或間接運出

32 million dollars of US-made routers,

價值約3200萬美元的美製路由器

microprocessors and servers to Iran.

微處理器和伺服器給伊朗

Plus it made 283 shipments to North Korea.

此外，還向北韓提供了283批貨物

But that's not the worst part.

但這還不是最糟的部分

The worst part is,

最糟糕的是

they lied about it.

他們還說了謊

This top secret document written by ZTE's legal department

ZTE法律部門所撰寫的 這份機密文件

basically says, “Hey upper management,

根本就是在說：「嘿，高層主管

you know all those illegal things we're doing,

你知道我們正在做的 這些非法勾當

like exporting US products to rogue nations?

例如出口美國產品到流氓國家嗎？

Well, here's some suggestions on

這裡有一些關於如何

how to not get caught.”

不被抓到的建議」

Obviously they weren't very good suggestions.

這些建議顯然都沒有很好

This unprecedented penalty reflects ZTE's premeditated,

這次史無前例的處罰 反映了ZTE預謀要

egregious scheme to evade U.S. law.

規避美國法律的惡劣行徑

ZTE's most senior managers lied to,

ZTE的高層主管多年來

obstructed and misled investigators for years,

說謊、阻撓並誤導調查人員

only acknowledging the truth starting in March 2016

直到2016年3月份 他們被我們逮個正著後

when we caught them red-handed.

才開始承認這些犯罪事實

Well yes, they are acknowledging it now!

是的，他們現在肯承認了！

That's because, after getting caught red-handed,

這是因為ZTE在被逮個正著之後

ZTE installed a new chairman and chief executive.

任用了新的董事長和執行長 [ZTE違反美國制裁法，收12億罰款]

And this one issued a formal corporate-style apology.

而這傢伙發表了企業官腔道歉 "[ZTE承認缺失，願意負責並將持續正向改變公司]

So we're cool, right?

所以我們沒事了，對吧？

Right?

對吧？

At the beginning of this month,

在本月初

ZTE plead guilty to the charges of illegal shipping,

ZTE承認犯下 非法運輸的指控

as well as a charge of obstructing justice

以及妨礙司法

and lying to federal investigators.

還有對聯邦調查人員說謊

The judge fined ZTE nearly 1.2 billion dollars—

法官向ZTE罰款近12億美元

although they can save 300 million

但若是他們開始服從美國的限制

if they start complying with US restrictions.

便能省下3億美元

And ZTE might not be the only Chinese company

而ZTE可能不是唯一一家

with its US operations in trouble.

在美國的營運遇上麻煩的中國公司

Remember that top secret ZTE document?

還記得ZTE的機密檔案嗎？

Well, on page 3,

這個嘛，在第三頁

it suggests looking at the example

它建議參考另一家

of another Chinese telecom company

中國電信公司類似的

doing the same kind of illegal stuff.

非法勾當

They refer to it by the codename “F7”,

他們以「F7」作為該公司的代稱

so there's no way to know...

所以我們無從得知…

Just kidding.

開玩笑的啦

It's Huawei.

是華為

I mean, what other company

我說啊，還有哪間公司

was trying to buy 3leaf in 2010?

在2010年時試圖併購3Leaf啊？

Company “F7” was no mystery to US investigators either.

這家「F7」公司 對美國調查人員來說也不是個謎

Last year, Huawei was subpoenaed for similar violations,

去年，華為也因為類似的 違規事件而被傳喚出庭

though no official charges have been levied against it yet.

不過還沒有正式 針對指控罰款

So what do ZTE and Huawei have in common?

那麼ZTE和華為有什麼共通點呢？

I mean, besides selling US-made components

我是指除了都有向伊朗和北韓

to Iran and North Korea?

出售美製元件之外？

They both have strong ties

他們都與中國共產黨

to the Chinese Communist Party.

有著密切的關係

ZTE is a publicly traded company,

ZTE是一家上市公司

but it's also a partially state-owned enterprise

但是透過複雜的控股公司結構

through a complex holding company structure.

它同時有一部分也是國營企業

Huawei is privately owned,

華為是私人企業

but gets generous support from the Chinese Communist Party,

但得到中共的強力支持

including major funding from Chinese state-owned banks.

包括中國國有銀行 大量的資金援助

The Party connections could explain

與共產黨的關係可以解釋

why both ZTE and Huawei are trading with countries

為何ZTE和華為要與市場相對小的

that have relatively small markets,

國家進行貿易

even when it means putting their US business at risk.

即便這意味著 他們在美國的企業會有風險

As this article puts it,

正如此篇報導指出

“It is not surprising the companies

「這些公司將出口貿易致力於

would tailor their export endeavors

推動中國的外交政策目標

to further Chinese foreign policy goals.”

一點都不令人意外」

Policy goals that include

這些政策目標包括

supporting the Chinese regime's allies:

支持中國政府的盟友：

Iran and North Korea.

伊朗和北韓

Back in 2012,

早在2012年

the House of Representatives' intelligence committee

眾議院的情報委員會

issued this report,

便發表這份報告

saying ZTE and Huawei specifically

指出ZTE和華為確實對

were a “threat to US national security interests.”

「美國的國家安全利益造成威脅」

One concern was that both companies had

其中一個擔憂是兩家公司都

refused to provide details about their operations in Iran.

拒絕提供關於他們 在伊朗的業務細節

There were other concerns as well.

除此之外還有其他隱憂

After that report was issued,

該報告發表後

the US government restricted Huawei and ZTE

美國政府限制華為和ZTE

from selling their telecommunications equipment

於美國銷售

in the US.

電信設備

For example,

舉例來說

they couldn't sell infrastructure equipment

他們不能向Sprint 和威訊這類的美國公司

to US companies like Sprint and Verizon.

出售基礎設施設備

And they couldn't sell anything to government agencies

而且若沒有聯邦調查局的批准 他們也不能向政府機關

without FBI approval.

出售任何產品

But they both can still sell smartphones.

但他們仍然可以販售智慧型手機

In fact, one in every 13 smartphones sold in the US today

事實上，現今在美國銷售的 智慧型手機之中每13支

are either ZTE or Huawei.

就有一支出自ZTE或華為

So what will be the impact of the recent guilty plea

那麼ZTE最近這起向伊朗和北韓

by ZTE about selling US components

出售美製元件的官司

to Iran and North Korea?

會有什麼影響呢？

Well, if ZTE pays its fine,

這個嘛，如果ZTE支付罰款

and stops selling things to Iran and North Korea,

並停止非法出售產品 給伊朗和北韓

it'll get to continue operating here,

那麼它將能繼續在美國經營

competing with other smartphone makers

並與其他智慧型手機廠商

like Apple and Samsung.

像是蘋果和三星競爭

It's unclear though if the US government

但目前尚未確定美國政府

will end restrictions on ZTE selling

是否會終止ZTE在美國

telecommunications equipment in the US.

販售電信設備的禁令

So should you go ahead and swap out

那麼你應該捨棄你那台

your exploding Samsung Galaxy

會爆炸的三星Galaxy

for a ZTE Blade V7 Lite?

換成ZTE的Blade V7 Lite嗎？

Well, these skateboarders seem to think so.

這些滑板玩家是這麼認為的

But while you may be safe from explosions,

不過雖然你不用擔心手機會爆炸

it doesn't mean you're safe from everything.

並不代表一切就安全了 [有些美國手機設有後門能傳送資料到中國]

For the record,

不過

a ZTE USA spokesperson said,

ZTE的美國發言人也說

“no ZTE devices in the U.S.

「美國的ZTE裝置

have ever had the AdUps software”

從未曾安裝AdUps軟體」

which allowed the Chinese government

此軟體讓中國政府能

that secret backdoor to monitor your cell phone data.

使用後門秘密監控 你的手機資料

And I totally believe them.

我完全相信他們

I mean, why wouldn't I trust ZTE?

我的意思是，誰會不相信ZTE呢？

So what do you think?

你認為呢？

Leave your comments below.

請於下方留言

Thanks for watching this episode of China Uncensored.

謝謝收看本集《中國解密》

Once again I'm your host Chris Chappell.

我是主持人 Chris Chappell

See you next time.

下次再會