floral designer and lover of all things horticultural.

花卉設計師和所有園藝事物的愛好者。

In this series I'll be exploring some of the most stunning English Heritage garden sites in the country.

在這個系列中，我將探索該國一些最令人驚歎的英國遺產園地。

I'll be delving into their history, meeting the talented teams that care for them and discussing how each garden is kept

我將深入研究它們的歷史，會見照顧它們的優秀團隊，並討論每個花園是如何被保存的。

as faithful to the origins as possible.

儘可能地忠實於原作。

Coming up in this episode I visit Mount Grace Priory, House and Gardens in North Yorkshire,

在這一集裡，我訪問了北約克郡的Mount Grace Priory, House and Gardens。

one of the best preserved monastic gardens in England and a real monks paradise.

這是英格蘭保存最完好的修道院花園之一，是真正的僧侶天堂。

I also meet the team behind the site's 13 acres of recently restored arts and crafts gardens

我還見到了該地13英畝最近修復的藝術和工藝花園背後的團隊。

designed by award-winning gardener, Chris Beardshaw.

由獲獎的園丁克里斯-比爾肖設計。

Hazel: Hi Michael.

黑茲爾：嗨，邁克爾。

Michael: Hi Hazel, welcome to Mount Grace Priory.

邁克爾：嗨，海澤爾，歡迎來到格雷斯山修道院。

Hazel: So we're standing here in a magnificent cell garden

所以我們站在這裡，在一個宏偉的牢房花園裡

but what is a cell garden? What exactly was it used for?

但什麼是細胞園？它到底是用來做什麼的？

Michael: Well it was used by the monks as part of their  living space. This is a Carthusian priory.

邁克爾：嗯，它被僧侶們用作他們生活空間的一部分。這是一個卡爾圖斯教派的修道院。

The cells are hermit cells because they were a  hermetic order. There were 23 cells in all and

這些牢房是隱士牢房，因為他們是一個密封的秩序。總共有23間牢房，其中

this is their contemplative space and it's also  space where they grew stuff for their own use

這是他們的沉思空間，也是他們種植自己用的東西的地方。

but also they made it beautiful as a kind of  paradise - as a prayer to God so to speak.

但他們也把它變成了一種美麗的天堂--可以說是對上帝的一種祈禱。

It was a European order founded by  Saint Bruno in the 11th century in Chartreux in France.

它是由聖布魯諾於11世紀在法國的沙特勒建立的歐洲教團。

This monastery was one of the last houses  founded in Yorkshire. It was founded in 1389

這座修道院是在約克郡建立的最後一座修道院之一。它始建於1389年

and it was dissolved in 1539 by Henry VIII  and it's the largest preserved Carthusian

它在1539年被亨利八世解散，它是保存下來的最大的卡爾圖斯派。

house in this country, the best preserved.

在這個國家，這是保存得最好的房子。

As we can see here the form and structure of this garden is quite formal.

正如我們在這裡看到的，這個花園的形式和結構是相當正式的。

Hazel: what was the reason behind laying it out in such a way?

哈茲爾：以這樣的方式佈置的背後原因是什麼？

Michael: We excavated it in the early 90s and  we found it to have this structure

邁克爾：我們在90年代初挖掘了它，我們發現它有這樣的結構

so we know that there was a trench  round that had hedging plant and we don't know the

所以我們知道有一個壕溝，裡面有綠籬植物，我們不知道是什麼東西。

exact hedging plant but there's only a few  available so we chose box.

確切的綠籬植物，但只有幾個可用，所以我們選擇了盒子。

Box was widely used in that period so we know the layout but we don't know what was planted

箱子在那個時期被廣泛使用，所以我們知道佈局，但我們不知道種植的是什麼。

so the planting is speculation. We'll call it speculation but it's  from herbals, from contemporary texts.

所以種植是推測。我們稱之為推測，但它來自草藥，來自當代文本。

We know what other groups of monks grew in the period so  we have a shrewd idea what was grown shall we say.

我們知道其他僧侶團體在這一時期種植了什麼，所以我們有一個精明的想法，我們可以說是在種植什麼。

The lovely thing about this garden is it's not  very big and they are really gardening a very

這個花園的可愛之處在於它不是很大，而且他們真的在園藝一個非常大的花園。

small space so it's intensive. So if you've got a  small pot, you've got a courtyard garden even a

小空間，所以它很密集。是以，如果你有一個小盆，你有一個庭院花園，甚至一個

window box something like that there are ideas  here that you can adopt for your own garden.

窗臺之類的東西，這裡有一些想法，你可以在你自己的花園裡採用。

So it would be great to just have  a look at specific varieties that

是以，如果只是看一下具體的品種，那就太好了。

you've got growing here. Hazel: Could you take us around?

你已經在這裡成長了。黑澤爾。你能帶我們參觀一下嗎？

Michael: We'll start with the the flowering plant here. This plant here is,

邁克爾：我們將從這裡的開花植物開始。這種植物在這裡是。

that the bees are loving at the moment, is  pulmonaria - it's lungwort.

蜜蜂們目前最喜歡的是肺草--它是肺草。

Lungwort was grown because in the medieval mind there was something called The Doctrine of Signatures - a god given

種植龍葵是因為在中世紀的思想中，有一種叫做 "簽名學說 "的東西--一種神賜的東西。

signature to all plants. So God gave clues to  the human beings in the plants form what they

所有植物的特徵。是以，上帝在植物的形式上給人類提供了線索，它們是什麼？

were used for. So this one's got leaves which are  spongy and they've got spots on and so in their

是用來做什麼的。是以，這個人的葉子是海綿狀的，上面有斑點，所以在他們的

mind that reminded them of lungs. They believed  that it had some useful qualities in terms of

思想，使他們想起了肺。他們認為，它在以下方面具有一些有用的品質

bronchial disease and fortunately it has.

支氣管疾病，幸運的是它有。

The celebrity plant is mandrake or mandragora.

著名的植物是曼陀羅或曼陀羅。

They used it in operations as an anaesthetic.

他們在手術中使用它作為一種麻醉劑。

It was grown specifically because it had those qualities and as such it's a really useful plant.

它被專門種植，因為它具有這些品質，是以它是一種真正有用的植物。

It's also got a kind of mystical quality.

它也有一種神祕的特質。

The root looks like a human being and there's the story that if you pull it out it screams.

根部看起來像一個人，還有一個故事是，如果你把它拉出來，它就會發出尖叫。

Many people say that to pull it out they tied  a dog to the plant, the dog ran off and you hid at a safe distance,

許多人說，為了把它拉出來，他們把狗綁在植物上，狗跑了，你躲在安全距離。

the plant screamed and the  poor dog died and then you got your mandrake.

植物尖叫，可憐的狗死了，然後你得到了你的曼陀羅。

So it's got a wealth of folklore surrounding it as  well so it's a really, really interesting plant.

所以它也有豐富的民間傳說，所以它是一種非常、非常有趣的植物。

Just in front of you is artemisia absinthium,  which is wormwood.

就在你面前的是苦蒿，也就是艾草。

It's main use for the monks was as an anthelmintic, which is basically, everyone in the medieval era had worms and

它對僧侶的主要用途是作為一種抗蠕蟲藥，基本上，中世紀的每個人都有蟲子和

what the anthelmintic does is it it paralyses the  worms and they're flushed out of the system - so

驅蟲劑的作用是麻痺蠕蟲，使它們從系統中被沖走，所以

it's basically like a worming tablet.

它基本上就像一個驅蟲藥片。

The other interesting thing about wormwood is it's used in a beverage

關於艾草的另一個有趣的事情是它被用於飲料中。

and it's used to this day by the Carthusian order at Chartreux priory

它至今仍被Chartreux修道院的卡爾圖斯教派所使用

in a drink called Green Chartreuse. There's two monks today who make Green Chartreuse.

在一種叫做綠沙特的飲料中。今天有兩個僧侶在製作綠沙特酒。

It's a secret recipe and it is kind of like absinthe but it's a bit sweeter and it's an acquired taste should we say.

這是一個祕密配方，它有點像苦艾酒，但它有點甜，應該說是一種後天的味道。

Should you wish to have a go you're more than welcome.

如果你想嘗試一下，我們非常歡迎。

Hazel: Michael, I would love to try some - let's go.

黑澤爾。邁克爾，我很想嘗試一下--我們走吧。

Michael: It's going to be an experience;  do you want me to pour? Hazel: Please do.

邁克爾：這將是一種體驗；你想讓我倒酒嗎？黑茲爾。請吧。

Hazel: Well, chin chin.

黑澤爾。嗯，下巴下巴。

Hazel: Well Michael, what can I say?

黑澤爾。嗯，邁克爾，我能說什麼呢？

Michael: Yeah...potent.

邁克爾：是的......有力的。

Hazel: Yes!

Hazel: 是的!

Hazel: Hi Karen.

哈茲爾：嗨，凱倫。

Karen: Hi Hazel.

凱倫：嗨，黑澤爾。

Hazel: So you're the gardener here at Mount Grace.

黑茲爾：所以你是恩典山這裡的園丁。

Karen: That's right.

卡倫：是的。

Hazel: And as you can see I have a tool in my hand,

黑澤爾。如你所見，我手中有一個工具。

which I'm very excited about, and we are going to plant some stuff.

我非常興奮，我們將種植一些東西。

Karen: We are and we're going to plant mandrake,  which you know a little bit about already.

凱倫：我們是的，我們要種植曼陀羅，你已經知道一點了。

And when we've done that we can  then plant some henbane which is

當我們完成這些工作後，我們就可以種植一些Henbane，它是

another weird plant from Mount Grace.

格雷斯山的另一種奇怪的植物。

The monks, under The Doctrine of Signatures,

僧侶們，根據《簽名學說》。

thought that the seed heads on this look like  teeth in a jaw so it was really used for toothache.

認為這上面的種子頭看起來像下巴上的牙齒，所以它確實用於治療牙痛。

Hazel: Oh wow.

黑澤爾。哦，哇。

Karen: And it works.

凱倫：而且很有效。

Hazel: In terms of improving the soil - did  you have to bring in lots of compost or?

Hazel：在改善土壤方面--你是否必須帶來大量的堆肥或？

Karen: Well every year we mulch and obviously  before we started doing the replanting

凱倫：好吧，每年我們都會覆蓋地膜，顯然在我們開始進行補種之前

we did apply a thick layer of mulch everywhere  and because of the terrain here you can't just

我們確實在各處鋪了一層厚厚的地膜，由於這裡的地形，你不能只是

get a truck across the site so everything has  to be carried. There are no proper roadways

是以，所有的東西都要靠搬運。沒有合適的道路

through the site so generally speaking it's  down to the garden team and the volunteers to

是以，一般來說，這取決於花園團隊和志願者們的工作。

carry the bags of soil improver around.

帶著一袋袋的土壤改良劑到處走。

We have to cover our ears now incase it screams.

我們現在必須捂住耳朵，以防它發出尖叫。

That's perfect.

這很完美。

Hazel: It's actually really decorative  when you get this close up.

海茲爾：其實當你這麼近距離接觸時，它真的很有裝飾性。

Karen: It's actually a really pretty plant.  The slugs love it unfortunately.

卡倫：這實際上是一種非常漂亮的植物。 不幸的是，蛞蝓喜歡它。

Sometimes if it's a wet week we might put copper  rings and a bit more grit around just to deter

有時，如果是一個潮溼的星期，我們可能會在周圍放上銅環和更多的砂礫，以阻止它。

the slugs a little bit because they'll demolish  it if given the opportunity.

因為如果有機會，他們會把它拆掉。

So there we go.

所以，我們走了。

Hazel: Then we're moving on.

黑澤爾。那我們就繼續吧。

Karen: Okay so here's our henbane.

好了，這就是我們的Henbane。

Henbane's a strange one. It has to have a period of  chilling before the seeds will germinate.

絞股藍是一種奇怪的植物。在種子發芽之前，它必須要有一段寒假，才能發芽。

Hazel: Oh that's interesting.

黑澤爾。哦，這很有趣。

Karen: It's called stratification  and they have amazing flowers.

卡倫：這叫分層，他們的花很神奇。

Hazel: Yes so what colour are the flowers?

黑茲爾：是的，那麼這些花是什麼顏色的？

Karen: They're kind of, they're a yellowy mottled  black. They look a bit toxic actually.

卡倫：它們是一種，它們是一種黃色的斑駁的黑色。實際上，它們看起來有點有毒。

Hazel: And how long will it take for that to flower?

海澤爾。那要多長時間才能開花？

Karen: Once they're in and in the sunshine and they'll  send up some really good leaves and then I'll

凱倫：一旦它們在陽光下生長，它們會長出一些非常好的葉子，然後我就會

usually pinch them out a little bit just to  bush them out a bit. We'll plant quite a few

通常會把它們掐掉一點，只是為了把它們叢出來一點。我們會種植不少

to make a good display for the visitors and yeah  they'll be flowering say in June time and then

為遊客做一個很好的展示，是的，他們會在6月份開花，然後

then they start to develop the strange seed  heads which are really decorative, so we tend

然後它們開始長出奇怪的種子頭，這真是一種裝飾，所以我們傾向於

to leave them on for a long time so people  can admire the strange shape of their teeth.

把它們留在上面很長時間，以便人們能夠欣賞到他們牙齒的奇怪形狀。

Hazel: Karen, it's been fantastic to meet you.

黑澤爾。凱倫，能見到你真是太好了。

Karen: It's been great, I really enjoyed it.

卡倫：這很好，我真的很喜歡它。

Hazel: It was so good putting something in the soil here.

榛子：把東西放在這裡的土壤裡真好。

Karen: Yeah it's been really good to meet you.

凱倫：是的，見到你真的很高興。

Hazel: The gardens at Mount Grace have been hugely  influenced by the arts and crafts movement

海澤爾。格雷斯山的花園受到了藝術和工藝運動的巨大影響。

known for its combination of exuberant  planting and formal lines as a reaction

以其繁茂的種植和正式的線條相結合而聞名，作為一種反應。

against Victorian garden design.

反對維多利亞時代的花園設計。

To find out more I'm meeting Head Gardener, James Taylor.

為了瞭解更多情況，我會見了園長詹姆斯-泰勒。

James: Over the past couple of years we've had a £700,000  project here. We got Chris Beardshaw onboard, the

詹姆斯。在過去的幾年裡，我們在這裡有一個70萬英鎊的項目。我們讓克里斯-比爾肖加入，他是

famous Chelsea gardener, who redesigned the  whole planting scheme which incorporated

著名的切爾西園丁，他重新設計了整個種植方案，其中包括了

about 27,000 bulbs and about 7,500  herbaceous plants.

約27,000個球莖和約7,500個草木植物。

Our top terrace, as we call it, is our typical herbaceous  planting which moves down into an

我們稱之為 "頂層平臺"，是我們典型的草本植物種植，向下延伸到 "底層平臺"。

alpine terrace and goes down to  more of a woodland-themed planting

高山梯田，往下是以林地為主題的更多種植。

and that's your different zones of the arts and crafts theme really.

這就是你的藝術和工藝主題的不同區域，真的。

Hazel: If people wanted to take away something from the gardening here that they could use,

Hazel: 如果人們想從這裡的園藝中帶走一些他們可以使用的東西。

whether they've got a small  garden or something more grand,

無論他們是有一個小花園還是更宏偉的東西。

what kind of structures could they be inspired by?

他們可以從什麼樣的結構中獲得靈感？

James: We tend to leave a lot of the plants upright  in the winter for their decorative berries

詹姆斯。我們傾向於在冬季讓很多植物直立起來，因為它們有裝飾性的漿果。

or thorny branches. It's quite attractive and popular now.

或帶刺的樹枝。它相當有吸引力，現在很受歡迎。

We've collected natural materials - hazel  or willow which you'd probably use in a pot.

我們已經收集了天然材料--榛子或柳樹，你可能會在盆中使用。

You can just build little  structures like fans

你可以只建立像風扇一樣的小結構

or supports just to hold  tall herbaceous plantings upright.

或支撐物，只是為了將高大的草木植物直立起來。

Hazel: So that concludes my tour of Mount Grace Priory.  It's been fantastic to meet the whole team here

黑茲爾：我對格雷斯山修道院的參觀就到此為止。 能在這裡見到整個團隊真是太棒了。

and really delve into all the fantastic gardening  techniques. There's a couple of tips I really want

並真正深入研究所有奇妙的園藝技術。有幾個技巧我很想知道

you to try at home. The first one is to grow your  own herbs. You can try out using chives, oregano, thyme.

你可以在家裡嘗試。第一個是種植自己的草藥。你可以嘗試使用韭菜、牛至、百里香。

It's perfect if you've got a windowsill  or obviously if you've got a garden you can pop them in there.

如果你有一個窗臺，或者顯然如果你有一個花園，你可以把它們放在那裡，這是完美的。

A second tip is to use the natural  planting structures that we've seen dotted around

第二個建議是使用我們已經看到的遍佈各地的自然種植結構。

all of the gardens here today. They have a utility  purpose but they're also really decorative.

今天這裡所有的花園都是如此。它們有一個實用的目的，但它們也是真正的裝飾。

I hope that you can join us for our  next episode where we'll be exploring

我希望你能加入我們的下一集，我們將探索

another spectacular garden.

另一個壯觀的花園。

See you next time!

下一次見!