Scams threaten all of our finances.

騙局威脅著我們所有的財務狀況。

Political misinformation undermines our democracy.

政治上的錯誤信息破壞了我們的民主。

When it comes to the coronavirus pandemic,

當談到冠狀病毒大流行時。

health misinformation threatens all of our lives.

健康方面的錯誤信息威脅著我們所有人的生命。

In human history, it has never been so easy to spread misinformation

在人類歷史上，傳播錯誤信息從來沒有這麼容易過

to millions of people so rapidly.

對數百萬人來說是如此迅速。

My name is Laura Walters, I'm a journalist,

我的名字是勞拉-沃爾特斯，我是一名記者。

and I have been a victim of misinformation.

而我一直是錯誤信息的受害者。

I got a cold call from a new website looking to publish news content.

我接到一個新網站的冷電話，希望發佈新聞內容。

Everything seemed very normal, like any other freelance commission.

一切似乎都很正常，就像其他自由職業者的委託一樣。

I wrote the story on Chinese influence in New Zealand,

我寫了關於中國人在紐西蘭的影響的故事。

and then I literally thought nothing more of it.

然後我就真的沒有再想過這個問題。

And about three or four months later, I got a call.

大約三、四個月後，我接到一個電話。

Turns out that the FBI had actually tipped off Facebook.

結果發現，聯邦調查局實際上已經向臉譜網通風報信。

This news organisation wasn't a news organisation at all.

這個新聞機構根本就不是一個新聞機構。

It was the same troll farm

這是同一家巨魔農場

that meddled in the 2016 US presidential elections.

干涉2016年美國總統大選的。

From there it's been a deep dive into learning about

從那裡開始，它一直在深入地學習關於

how our networks are infiltrated to try and spread misinformation.

我們的網絡是如何被滲透以試圖傳播錯誤信息的。

I could have completely avoided this situation

我本可以完全避免這種情況的發生

if I had applied the scrutiny in the same way that I do

如果我以同樣的方式進行審查的話

when I'm investigating a story myself.

當我自己在調查一個故事的時候。

If I can show how it happened to me,

如果我可以展示它是如何發生在我身上的。

maybe I can help other people avoid it.

也許我可以幫助其他人避免這種情況。

It's been a real wild experience for me.

這對我來說是一次真正的狂野經歷。

It's important to remind people

重要的是，要提醒人們

of the dangers of information

資訊的危險性

and the new ways

和新的方式

that people can share information

人們可以分享資訊

that present risks to all of us,

這給我們所有人帶來了風險。

but also the internet as a means of sharing good information.

但也是互聯網作為分享好資訊的一種手段。

Yes, we're all confronted with more information than ever

是的，我們都面臨著比以往更多的資訊

which makes it hard to tell fact from fiction,

這使得人們很難區分事實和虛構。

but at the same time, fact-checkers like us

但與此同時，像我們這樣的事實核查人員

can use the internet and the reach that we have to correct the record

可以利用互聯網和我們所擁有的影響力來糾正記錄。

quicker than we ever could, and directly to people.

比我們更快，而且直接給人們。

You can verify a story in many cases

在許多情況下，你可以驗證一個故事

by simply typing in

通過簡單地鍵入

the claim that you're not very sure of

你不太確定的說法

and putting "fact check" next to it, for example,

並在旁邊加上 "事實核查"，例如。

on your preferred search engine.

在你喜歡的搜索引擎上。

There's a very good chance that the top result

有一個非常好的機會，那就是排名第一的結果

will actually take you to one of the fact checking organisations' website

實際上會帶你到一個事實核查組織的網站。

that has already looked into that claim.

已經對這一說法進行了調查。

Fact checking organisations have looked into well over 100,000 claims

事實核查組織已經調查了超過100,000項索賠。

just when the pandemic started.

就在大流行病開始的時候。

Within one year, they have looked at over 10,000 claims

在一年內，他們已經看了超過10,000份索賠。

only related to the pandemic.

只與大流行病有關。

There were quite a few stories circulating

有相當多的故事在流傳

that were false, that were offering very simple cures to the disease,

那是假的，提供非常簡單的疾病治療方法。

such as if you inhale steam.

例如，如果你吸入了蒸汽。

-And that it would cure coronavirus just seemed completely illogical.

-而且它可以治療冠狀病毒，這似乎完全不符合邏輯。

But when people are just overwhelmed by the amount of information

但是，當人們只是被大量的資訊淹沒的時候

and they're scared and they're anxious,

而且他們很害怕，很焦慮。

it shows that they can believe things.

這表明他們可以相信事情。

It's interesting, when we're sort of anxious

這很有趣，當我們有點焦慮時

we have, on the one hand, a need to actively go out and find information

一方面，我們需要積極走出去尋找資訊

as a way of explaining what's going on, or even to help keep us safe.

作為解釋發生了什麼的一種方式，甚至是幫助我們保持安全。

But at the same time, the research shows

但與此同時，研究表明

we also experience paradoxical inability to process complexity,

我們也經歷了自相矛盾的無力處理複雜性。

which, all together, means that when we are anxious

這一切，意味著當我們焦慮的時候

we are even more susceptible to bad information.

我們甚至更容易受到不良信息的影響。

There are tools online to verify, for example, fake images.

網上有一些工具可以驗證，比如說，假的圖片。

One of them is Google reverse image search

其中之一是谷歌反向影像搜索

where you put in an image and search for that image.

在這裡你可以輸入圖片並搜索該圖片。

It is a really useful way

這是一個非常有用的方法

of seeing where that image originally came from.

的看到該影像最初來自哪裡。

Something like this would be a huge news story

這樣的事情將是一個巨大的新聞故事

so if it's not being reported by trusted news sources

是以，如果不是由可信賴的新聞來源報道，那麼

that might be a clue that it's not actually true.

這可能是一個線索，它實際上不是真的。

Deepfakes is a big concern,

深度造假是一個大問題。

and it's a growing concern, because it's completely new technology.

而且這是一個越來越令人擔憂的問題，因為它是全新的技術。

The wonderful world of deepfakes.

精彩的深層假象世界。

AI and VFX.

AI和VFX。

In the future that technology's going to be perfected

在未來，該技術將得到完善

and then we would really struggle

然後我們就會真正地掙扎

to tell whether that video is not what it's meant to be.

來判斷該視頻是否不是它所要的。

And so more technology is coming out

是以，更多的技術正在湧現

that would help curb the spread of misinformation

這將有助於遏制錯誤信息的傳播

in the form of plug-ins or that you could download

以插件的形式，或者你可以下載

and attach to your browser.

並附加到你的瀏覽器。

They could tell you what's less credible and what's more credible.

他們可以告訴你哪些是不太可信的，哪些是比較可信的。

Algorithms that could help the social media platforms

可以幫助社交媒體平臺的算法

to detect automatically and very rapidly

自動和非常迅速地檢測

which stories being circulated that are not true.

哪些正在流傳的故事是不真實的。

I'm quite hopeful on our ability

我對我們的能力很有希望

to tackle the spread of misinformation in the future

以應對未來錯誤信息的傳播

because more people are aware of the issue

因為更多的人意識到了這個問題

because AI technology is becoming far more effective and powerful

因為人工智能技術正變得更加有效和強大

in determining what is credible and what isn't

在確定哪些是可信的，哪些是不可信的時候

and then reducing, if not stopping the spread, of that misinformation.

然後減少（如果不是阻止）這種錯誤信息的傳播。