Name: 人類為什麼會笑？| 英國廣播公司的理念 (Why do humans laugh? | BBC Ideas)
Uploaded: 2021-04-15T17:50:38.000Z
Duration: 5 min 37 s

所以我們笑起來的可能性是原來的30倍。

if there is somebody else with us than if we're on our own.

如果有別人和我們在一起比如果我們在我們自己的。

And we'll laugh more if we know those people,

如果我們認識這些人，我們會笑得更開心。

and we'll laugh more if we like those people.

如果我們喜歡這些人，我們會笑得更開心。

We laugh to show that we agree with what someone said.

我們笑是為了表示我們同意某人所說的話。

That we remember the same thing that they're alluding to.

我們記得他們所暗示的同樣的事情。

People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions.

人們也會用笑聲來試圖掩蓋其他情緒。

People will laugh to try and pretend they're not upset

人們會笑著裝作不生氣的樣子。

or to cover up being angry or embarrassed or in pain.

People will use laughter to get other people to do things.

they will tell you more intimate details about themselves.

他們會告訴你更多關於自己的親密細節。

There are two main kinds of laughter, according to Sophie.

The first is sort of spontaneous laughter,

and you cannot stop laughing, it can sound like this:

而你不能停止笑，它可以聽起來像這樣。

and then you're just going to have to ride it out.

That's quite a different kind of laughter

from the sort of laughter you find in conversations,

which is of course most of the laughter you encounter,

當然這也是你遇到的大部分笑聲。

There laughter is really brief and it's shared,

有笑聲真的很短暫，而且是分享。

and they laugh together in a very coordinated way.

if somebody's having a sign language conversation

where they could laugh all the way through,

they don't, they still laugh together at the ends of sentences.

他們沒有，他們還在句子的最後一起笑。

So why can laughter sometimes feel contagious?

那麼，為什麼笑聲有時會讓人覺得有傳染性呢？

when you've been watching television or listening to the radio,

當你一直在看電視或聽收音機的時候。

and the presenter or presenters start to get the giggles.

The award-winning screenwriter, Abby Mann, has died at the age of 80.

獲獎編劇艾比曼去世，享年80歲。

He won an Academy Award in 1961 for Judgement at Nuremberg.

1961年，他憑藉《紐倫堡審判》獲得奧斯卡獎。

Abby Mann also won several Emmys, including--

艾比曼還獲得了多項艾美獎，包括----。

對於一部電影，其中有一個 - （傻笑）。

If you chuckled while listening to that clip, here's why.

如果你在聽這段話的時候笑了，這就是原因。

It's called behaviourally contagious phenomena,

which are things you can catch from somebody else

You might have noticed this happens with yawning,

你可能已經注意到，打哈欠也會出現這種情況。

Babies don't show any behaviourally contagious phenomena,

嬰兒沒有任何行為上的傳染現象。

If the parent laughs, the baby doesn't join in.

如果家長笑了，寶寶就不會加入。

But if the baby laughs, the parent does join in,

但如果寶寶笑了，家長也會加入進來。

And effectively that seems to be the root

that this is something that we do together.

We know that laughter is extremely easily observed in other apes.

我們知道，在其他猿類身上極易觀察到笑聲。

So gorillas laugh, chimpanzees laugh, orangutans laugh,

所以大猩猩笑了，黑猩猩笑了，猩猩笑了。

and they laugh in a very, very similar way to humans.

它們的笑聲和人類非常非常相似。

The main difference is that chimpanzees, for example,

laugh on an exhalation and an inhalation,

so we just laugh ha-ha-ha, breathing out,

So chimpanzees use laughter in a pretty complex way

所以黑猩猩使用笑聲的方式非常複雜。

much as we do, and it happens in the same situations.

和我們一樣，在同樣的情況下也會發生。

It's associated with tickling, with play,

Laughter-like behaviour has also been described in rats and parrots.

大鼠和鸚鵡也有類似笑聲的行為。

Unfortunately laughter can also have a darker side.

不幸的是，笑聲也會有黑暗的一面。

These big squeezes that you do with your ribcage when you laugh,

當你笑的時候，你用你的肋骨做的這些大擠壓。

particularly if you're laughing really hard,

尤其是當你笑得很開心的時候。

it's quite stressful for your heart and your lungs

對你的心臟和肺部都是相當大的壓力。

and that can mean if you have some sort of problem

這可能意味著，如果你有某種問題。

maybe with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels,

也許是你的心臟或肺部或血管。

你可以讓他們承受更大的壓力。

And throughout history there are examples of people

而在歷史上，也有一些人的例子

And I think, if you're going to have to go somehow,

我想，如果你要去，不知何故。

probably going while you're laughing, there could be worse ways.

可能會在你笑的時候，還有更糟糕的方式。

Luckily there are lots of health benefits to laughing too.

幸運的是，笑對健康也有很多好處。

So as soon as you start laughing, you get a reduction in adrenaline.

所以只要你開始笑，你的腎上腺素就會減少。

of the body's naturally circulating endorphins.

Now that is because you do quite a lot of exercise at your ribcage

那是因為你在肋骨處做了大量的運動。

or the good feeling you get after exercising.

And interestingly that's true of laughter

even if you've completely faked the laughter,

so it does suggest that it's something to do

所以，它確實表明，它的東西做的