I'm Neil. Joining me is Catherine. Hello, Catherine.

我是尼爾和我一起的是凱瑟琳你好，凱瑟琳

Hello, Neil. Hello, everybody. The story we're looking at today is of a

你好，尼爾大家好我們今天要講的故事是關於

cyber attack, which has happened on an underground nuclear facility in Iran.

網絡攻擊，發生在伊朗的一個地下核設施上。

If you want to test yourself on any of the vocabulary you

如果你想測試一下自己的詞彙量，你就會發現自己的詞彙量是非常大的。

hear in this programme, you can test yourself

在這個節目中，你可以測試自己

on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.

在我們的網站上，bbclearningenglish.com。

Now, let's hear some more about that

現在，讓我們來聽聽更多的關於那個

story from this BBC News report:

故事來自BBC新聞的這篇報道。

Yes, it's a big story.

是的，這是個大新聞。

There has been a cyber attack on an underground nuclear facility in Iran.

伊朗的一個地下核設施遭到了網絡攻擊。

Now, they'd just started using new, advanced machines called centrifuges

現在，他們剛剛開始使用新的、先進的機器，叫做離心機。

and now those machines no longer work. The Iranian minister...

現在這些機器不再工作了伊朗部長...

the Iranian Foreign Minister has blamed Israel for the attack

伊朗外長將此次襲擊歸咎於以色列。

and says his country will 'take revenge'.

並表示自己的國家將'復仇'。

Now, Israel hasn't commented, but Israeli public radio has said that

現在，以色列還沒有發表評論，但以色列公共廣播電臺說

yes, this was an attack by Mossad. Now, Mossad is the...

是的 這是摩薩德發動的襲擊現在，摩薩德是...

the Israeli – excuse me – the Israeli Intelligence Service.

以色列--對不起--以色列情報局。

OK. Well, you've been looking around at this story.

好了，你一直在看這個故事。好吧，你一直在尋找 在這個故事。

You've picked out three really useful words. What are they?

你選了三個非常有用的詞。它們是什麼？

Yes, today we are looking at: 'sabotage', 'outage' and 'ironclad'.

是的，今天我們看的是。"破壞"、"停電 "和 "鐵甲"。

'Sabotage', 'outage' and 'ironclad'.

'破壞'、'停電'和'鐵板'。

So, let's have a look at your first headline, please.

那麼，讓我們來看看你的第一個標題，請。

Yes, we'll start here in the UK with the BBC – the headline:

是的，我們先從英國的BBC開始--頭條。

'Sabotage' – deliberate destruction of something

'破壞'--故意破壞某物

to prevent a competitor's success.

以防止競爭對手的成功。

Yes. Now, the spelling is: S-A-B-O-T-A-G-E.

是的，現在的拼寫是：現在，拼寫是：S-A-B-O-T-A-G-E。

The pronunciation:'sabotage'.

發音：'sabotage'。

'-age' with that 'zjuh' sound at the end.

'-年齡'，最後是'zjuh'的音。

Yes, that lovely 'zjuh' sound that you get in 'television'

是的，你在電視裡聽到的那種可愛的 "zjuh "聲。

is at the end of 'sabotage'.

是在'破壞'的最後。

Yeah, and in this headline,

是啊，還有這個標題。

'sabotage' is a noun, often used as a verb as well.

'破壞'是名詞，也常作動詞使用。

Frequently, we use 'sabotage' as a verb and we can often use it in

經常把'破壞'作為動詞使用，我們經常可以在

the passive to say somebody or something 'has been sabotaged'.

被動地說某人或某事 "被破壞了"。

Yes, and there's a nice little fixed expression

是的，還有一個很好的小固定表達方式

for when it's a noun: an 'act of sabotage'.

因為當它是一個名詞："破壞行為"。

Yes, an 'act of sabotage'. So, if you do something that will

是的，是 "破壞行為"。所以，如果你做的事情，將

stop somebody else performing to their required standard or ability,

阻止別人按照他們的要求標準或能力行事；

or if you do something that makes something else stop working properly,

或者如果你做了一些事情，使得其他東西停止正常工作。

you are 'sabotaging' it or you are committing an 'act of sabotage'.

你是在 "破壞 "它，或者你是在進行 "破壞行為"。

Now, this word is neither formal nor informal.

現在，這個詞既不正式也不非正式。

It's used for both very serious things

它既可以用來做很嚴肅的事情

and also things which people might not think are very serious.

也是大家可能認為不是很嚴重的事情。

Yes, absolutely. I mean, this nuclear facility – to stop a nuclear facility

是的，絕對的。我的意思是，這個核設施 - 阻止核設施。

working deliberately is a very severe act of sabotage, but you can

故意工作是一種非常嚴重的破壞行為，但你可以。

also use it in, kind of, domestic situations or personal situations.

也用於，種，家庭情況或個人情況。

Imagine you've got two children entering a colouring competition,

想象一下，你有兩個孩子參加填色比賽。

and one of them hides the red pen so that the other one can't

其中一個人把紅筆藏起來，這樣另一個人就不會被發現

finish his or her drawing. That's an 'act of sabotage'.

完成他或她的畫。這就是一種'破壞行為'。

Not a serious one – there's not going to be any massive consequences,

不是很嚴重--不會有什麼大規模的後果。

but it's still about deliberately stopping something happening the

但還是要刻意阻止一些事情的發生。

way it should be, because they're a competitor, sometimes as revenge,

應該的方式，因為他們是競爭對手，有時候作為報復。

or because you just don't want them to finish or succeed.

或者因為你只是不想讓他們完成或成功。

It's 'sabotage'.

這是'破壞'。

Yeah. There is a very British word for this as well,

是啊，有一個很英國的詞也是這樣說的有一個非常英國的詞來形容這個。

a very colloquial British word, which has a similar meaning.

一個很通俗的英國詞，它有類似的意思。

Yes, 'to nobble'. Now, 'nobbled' means sabotage.

是的，"高尚"。現在，"高尚 "意味著破壞。

It is mostly used in British English – and if you 'nobble' something,

它多用於英式英語中--如果你 "高貴 "的東西。

again, you stop it being successful often in competitions or races.

再次，你制止它在競賽或競賽中常常成功。

I believe you're quite fond of betting on the horses,

我相信你很喜歡賭馬。

aren't you Neil? You like a horse race and a bet.

你不是尼爾嗎？你喜歡賽馬和打賭

Well, yes, there's a really famous horse race in the UK

嗯，是的，在英國有一個非常著名的賽馬。

called the Grand National that happened at the weekend.

稱為週末發生的大國家。

My horse was completely useless, but I'm sure it must have been 'nobbled'.

我的馬完全沒用，但我相信它一定是被 "高貴 "了。

Or just... maybe you just picked the wrong horse, Neil?

或者只是... 也許你只是選錯了馬，尼爾？

Maybe... I usually do.

也許...我通常會這樣做。

OK. Let's have a summary:

好了，我們來總結一下：讓我們來總結一下。

If you are interested in stories about cyber attacks, we have the

如果你對有關網絡攻擊的故事感興趣，我們有

perfect one for you. Where can our viewers find it, Catherine?

完美的一個為你。我們的觀眾在哪裡可以找到它，凱瑟琳？

All you have to do is click that link.

你要做的就是點擊那個鏈接。

OK. Let's have a look at our next headline.

好了，我們來看看下一個標題。讓我們來看看我們的下一個標題。

Yes, we are now at arabnews.com – the headline:

是的，我們現在在阿拉伯新聞網--頭條。

'Outage' – a period when a service,

often electricity, is not working.

經常電，是不工作的。

Yes. Now, the spelling for this one is: O-U-T-A-G-E.

是的。現在，這一個的拼寫是：O -U -T

It's a noun. The pronunciation is 'outage'.

這是一個名詞。發音是 "停電"。

Yes. Interesting pronunciation again here. It ends in '-age',

是的，這裡的發音又很有趣。它以"-age "結尾。

just like 'sabotage', but we don't say 'zjuh', do we?

就像 "破壞"，但我們不說 "zjuh"，是嗎？

No. In fact, it's '-tage', so we say 'sabotage',

不，其實是"-tage"，所以我們說 "sabotage"。

but we say 'outage' and... Yes.

但我們說'停電'和...是的，是的

It's just the way it is. People...

這只是它的方式。人們...

It is a kind of French pronunciation for 'sabotage',

這是 "破壞 "的一種法語發音。

but a much more English, British English, way of saying 'outage'.

但更英式，英式英語的方式，說'停電'。

Yeah. And the clue is in the word 'out', isn't it?

是啊，線索就在 "出 "字上，對吧？線索就在 "出去 "這個詞裡，不是嗎？

Yeah, if something's out, it's not available, is it? So,

是啊，如果有東西出來了，就不能用了，是嗎？那就這樣吧

if the power is 'out' or if there is a 'power outage', there is no power.

如果是 "停電 "或 "停電"，則沒有電。

Usually something's gone wrong. So, you should have power,

一般都是出了問題。所以，你應該有權力。

but you haven't got it. Then you have a 'power outage'.

但你沒有得到它。那麼你就會出現 "停電"。

Yeah and, as you said there, 'a power outage'. It's a countable noun.

是啊，就像你說的，"停電"。這是一個可數名詞。

Yes, it is. If you're very unlucky,

是的，它是。如果你很不走運。

you will have several 'power outages' during one short period of time.

你會在短時間內有幾次'停電'。

Yeah. Now, as you've said, it's often used with power: 'power outage'.

是啊，就像你說的，它經常和電力一起使用："停電"。就像你說的，它經常和電力一起使用："停電"。

It can be on its own, though – just an 'outage'.

不過，它可以在自己身上--只是一個 "中斷"。

But there are some other expressions that have the same meaning.

但還有一些其他的表達方式也有同樣的意思。

Well, I mean, there's some other uses...

嗯，我的意思是，有一些其他的用途... ...

Oh yeah, we can say 'power cut'. You can... there can be a 'power cut',

哦，是的，我們可以說 "斷電"。你可以... ... 可以有一個 "斷電"。

there can be a 'blackout', and both of those have a similar

可以有'停電'，而這兩種情況都有一個類似的

meaning to an 'electrical outage' or a 'power outage'.

意思是 "停電 "或 "停電"。

Yeah. And it's also used for...

是啊，而且它還被用來...而且它還被用來...

not just the electricity, but things that are powered by electricity.

不僅僅是電，而是以電為動力的事物。

Yeah. I mean, you can have, like, a 'telephone outage':

是的，我是說，你可以有，比如，"電話中斷"。

the phone lines can be 'down'. And that's another word we use:

電話線可能會 "宕機"。這也是我們使用的另一個詞。

to say something's 'down' – to say it's not available.

說某事的'下降'--說它不可用。

Or there can be an 'internet outage', when you can't get online:

也有可能是 "斷網"，當你無法上網的時候。

that's an 'outage' as well.

這也是一個'中斷'。

Absolutely. OK. Let's get a summary:

當然可以好吧，我們來總結一下：讓我們來總結一下。

If you would like to hear another story about 'power outages',

如果你想再聽一個關於 "停電 "的故事。

we have one from South Africa. Where can our viewers find it, Catherine?

我們有一個來自南非。我們的觀眾在哪裡可以找到它，凱瑟琳？

All you have to do is the same as every time: just click that link.

你要做的和每次一樣：只要點擊那個鏈接就可以了。

OK. Let's have a look at your next headline.

好了，我們來看看你的下一個標題。讓我們來看看你的下一個標題。

OK. So, we are now in the United States with Politico and the headline:

好了，我們現在在美國的《政治報》，標題是：所以，我們現在在美國的Politico和頭條。

'Ironclad' – impossible to change or weaken; completely definite.

'鐵板'--不可能改變或削弱，完全確定。

Yes. So, we have one word here: I-R-O-N-C-L-A-D – 'ironclad'.

是的，所以，我們有一個詞：I-R-O-N-C-L-A-D - "鐵甲"。

It's actually made up of two words. We've got iron: I-R-O-N,

其實它是由兩個字組成的。我們已經得到了鐵。I -R -O

which is the very, very, very strong metal.

這是非常，非常，非常堅固的金屬。

And then we have the wood 'clad': C-L-A-D – 'clad'.

然後我們有木頭的'包衣'。C -L -A -D - "clad"。

And if you're 'clad' in something, you're clothed in it – it's about

如果你 "穿 "上了什麼，你就穿上了什麼--這是個問題。

clothing – or you're wrapped in it, or you're surrounded by it,

衣服--或者你被它包裹著，或者你被它包圍著。

or covered in it. So, a 'cladding' is a wrapping or a covering.

或覆蓋在其中。所以，"包衣 "是一種包裹或覆蓋。

OK. So, originally an 'ironclad ship' was a ship, a wooden ship,

好吧，我知道了。那麼，原本'鐵甲船'就是一艘船，一艘木船。

that had an iron coating or covering and it made it really, really strong.

它有一個鐵塗層或覆蓋，它使它真的，真的很強。

Exactly that. Yeah, if you 'clad something in iron',

就是這樣。是啊，如果你 "用鐵皮包住東西"。

you make it super, super strong.

你讓它超，超強。

So, the world's first 'ironclad ship' was what, Neil – the name?

那麼，世界上第一艘 "鐵甲艦 "是什麼，尼爾--名字？

I think it's the HMS Warrior – that's the first British one anyway.

我想應該是HMS Warrior號--反正那是英國的第一艘。

OK. And that was the strongest ship in the entire fleet of ships,

好的。而那是整個艦隊中最強的船。

because it was 'ironclad' – it was super strong.

因為它是'鐵板一塊'--它是超強的。

So, if you make an 'ironclad' promise, let's say, that is a really,

所以，如果你做出一個'鐵板釘釘'的承諾，比方說，那是一個真正。

really strong promise that nobody...

真正有力的承諾，沒有人...

it's not going to be broken because it's super, super strong.

它不會被打破，因為它的超級，超級強。

Yeah. And we hear this word 'ironclad' with promise,

是啊，我們聽到 "鐵證如山 "這個詞時我們聽到這個詞 "鐵證如山 "的承諾。

but also with guarantee, assurance.

但也有保證、保證。

Yes. All of them, yeah.

是的，所有的人，是的。所有的人，是的。

If you are using it as an adjective for a noun like 'promise',

如果你把它當做形容詞用在 "承諾 "這樣的名詞上。

or 'guarantee', or 'assurance', it means it's a super,

或'擔保'，或'保證'，這意味著它是一個超級。

super strong promise or guarantee. So, I will give you – I know,

超強的承諾或保證。所以，我會給你--我知道。

Neil, I'm sometimes late for our meetings and I do apologise,

尼爾，我有時開會會遲到，我很抱歉。

but I am now publicly giving you an 'ironclad' promise that I will never

但我現在公開給你一個 "鐵的承諾"，我永遠不會。

be late for a meeting with you for the rest of my life. How about that?

下半輩子和你見面都會遲到。怎麼樣？

Brilliant. Is that a 'cast-iron' guarantee?

聰明這是 "鑄鐵 "的保證嗎？

It's a 'cast-iron' guarantee, yes.

這是一個'鑄鐵'的保證，沒錯。

Another way of saying it. OK. Let's get a summary:

另一種說法。好吧，我們來總結一下：我們來總結一下。

Time now then for a recap of our vocabulary, please, Catherine.

現在是時候回顧一下我們的詞彙了，拜託，凱瑟琳。

Yes. We had: 'sabotage' – deliberate destruction of something to prevent

是的，我們有：我們有。"破壞"-- 故意毀壞某樣東西，以防止。

a competitor's success. We had: 'outage' – period when a service,

一個競爭對手的成功。我們有。

often electrical, is not working.

往往是電，是不工作的。

And 'ironclad' – impossible to change or weaken; completely definite.

而'鐵證'--不可能改變或削弱，完全確定。

If you'd like to test yourself on the vocabulary,

如果你想測試自己的詞彙量。

there's a quiz you can find on our website: bbclearningenglish.com.

有一個測驗，你可以在我們的網站上找到：bbclearningenglish.com。

And of course we are all over social media.

當然，我們也在社交媒體上。

Take care of yourselves and goodbye. Goodbye.

照顧好自己，再見。再見，再見